scholarly journals Topical Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Alleviates the Imiquimod Induced Psoriasis-Like Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 720
Author(s):  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Ruenn Chai Lai ◽  
Wei Kian Sim ◽  
Andre Boon Hwa Choo ◽  
Ellen Birgit Lane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Complement Activation ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Extracellular Traps ◽  
Cellular Source ◽  
Skin Explants ◽  
Therapy Strategies ◽  
Terminal Complement

Severe psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease is increasingly being effectively managed by targeted immunotherapy but long-term immunotherapy poses health risk and loss of response. Therefore, there is a need for alternative therapy strategies. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) exosomes are widely known for their potent immunomodulatory properties. Here we investigated if topically applied MSC exosomes could alleviate psoriasis-associated inflammation. Topically applied fluorescent exosomes on human skin explants were confined primarily to the stratum corneum with <1% input fluorescence exiting the explant over a 24-h period. Nevertheless, topically applied MSC exosomes in a mouse model of imiquimod (IMQ) psoriasis significantly reduced IL-17 and terminal complement activation complex C5b-9 in the mouse skin. MSC exosomes were previously shown to inhibit complement activation, specifically C5b-9 complex formation through CD59. Infiltration of neutrophils into the stratum corneum is characteristic of psoriasis and neutrophils are a major cellular source of IL-17 in psoriasis through the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). We propose that topically applied MSC exosomes inhibit complement activation in the stratum corneum and this alleviates IL-17 release by NETS from neutrophils that accumulate in and beneath the stratum corneum.

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps are Increased in Severe Bronchiectasis and Reduced by Long-Term Azithromycin Treatment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly R. Keir ◽  
Amelia Shoemark ◽  
Alison J. Dicker ◽  
Lidia Perea ◽  
Jennifer Pollock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps ◽  
Extracellular Traps

scholarly journals Laryngeal stent for acute and chronic respiratory distress in seven dogs with laryngeal paralysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Cecilia Ricart ◽  
Sergio Martín Rodríguez ◽  
Roberto Miguel Duré
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Laryngeal Function ◽  
Laryngeal Stenosis ◽  
Laryngeal Paralysis ◽  
Silicone Stent

Background: Laryngeal paralysis, failure of arytenoid cartilage, and vocal fold abduction are commonly seen in older medium to large breed dogs. Observation of laryngeal function in dogs and cats is performed by transoral visualization. There are a variety of surgical techniques; aspiration pneumonia is the most common complication associated with surgical correction of laryngeal paralysis. The aim of this case series is to report on the placement of a laryngeal silicone stent in seven dogs with laryngeal paralysis and its use as an alternative treatment of respiratory distress caused by laryngeal paralysis and/or its use for laryngeal stenosis as complication of laryngeal paralysis surgery.Case description: Seven dogs presented with either episode of gagging, mild-to-severe inspiratory distress, or cyanosis because of a laryngeal paralysis or laryngeal stenosis. In each case, the laryngeal paralysis was diagnosed by direct laryngoscopy. They were treated with a silicone laryngeal stent (Stening®) that substantially improved the clinical signs. Each dog had a different outcome because of other pathologies; however, the laryngeal pathology was successfully treated with the stent.Conclusion: The placement of the laryngeal stent is an easy technique to learn and practice, it could avoid the lifethreatening complications of the laryngeal paralysis at the acute phase, and it could be a noninvasive and long-term alternative therapy for laryngeal paralysis in dogs. The results in these clinical cases are encouraging for considering the laryngeal stent as a therapeutic alternative. Key words: Canine, Polyneuropathy, Prosthesis, Surgery.

Complement C5 inhibition protects against hemolytic anemia and acute kidney injury in anthrax peptidoglycan-induced sepsis in baboons

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (37) ◽  
pp. e2104347118
Author(s):  
Ravi Shankar Keshari ◽  
Narcis Ioan Popescu ◽  
Robert Silasi ◽  
Girija Regmi ◽  
Cristina Lupu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Complement Activation ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Immune Recognition ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Terminal Complement

Late-stage anthrax infections are characterized by dysregulated immune responses and hematogenous spread of Bacillus anthracis, leading to extreme bacteremia, sepsis, multiple organ failure, and, ultimately, death. Despite the bacterium being nonhemolytic, some fulminant anthrax patients develop a secondary atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) through unknown mechanisms. We recapitulated the pathology in baboons challenged with cell wall peptidoglycan (PGN), a polymeric, pathogen-associated molecular pattern responsible for the hemostatic dysregulation in anthrax sepsis. Similar to aHUS anthrax patients, PGN induces an initial hematocrit elevation followed by progressive hemolytic anemia and associated renal failure. Etiologically, PGN induces erythrolysis through direct excessive activation of all three complement pathways. Blunting terminal complement activation with a C5 neutralizing peptide prevented the progressive deposition of membrane attack complexes on red blood cells (RBC) and subsequent intravascular hemolysis, heme cytotoxicity, and acute kidney injury. Importantly, C5 neutralization did not prevent immune recognition of PGN and shifted the systemic inflammatory responses, consistent with improved survival in sepsis. Whereas PGN-induced hemostatic dysregulation was unchanged, C5 inhibition augmented fibrinolysis and improved the thromboischemic resolution. Overall, our study identifies PGN-driven complement activation as the pathologic mechanism underlying hemolytic anemia in anthrax and likely other gram-positive infections in which PGN is abundantly represented. Neutralization of terminal complement reactions reduces the hemolytic uremic pathology induced by PGN and could alleviate heme cytotoxicity and its associated kidney failure in gram-positive infections.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF COMBINATION OF HYPNOBREASTFEEDING AND ACUPRESSURE ON ANXIETY AND WOUND PAIN IN POST-CAESAREAN MOTHERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-532
Author(s):  
Diah Evawanna Anuhgera ◽  
Tjahjono Kuncoro ◽  
Sri Sumarni ◽  
Mardiyono Mardiyono ◽  
Ari Suwondo
Keyword(s):  
Public Hospital ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Wound Pain ◽  
And Control

Background: Post-cesarean mothers often experience anxiety and discomfort due to long-term pain. The combination of hypnobreastfeeding and acupressure is considered to be effective in reducing anxiety and pain levels. Objective: This study aims to examine the effect of combination of hypnobreastfeeding and acupressure on anxiety and pain levels in post-caesarean mothers.Methods: This study was a true experiment with pretest-posttest control group design, conducted in the Ambarawa Public Hospital on 5 November to 9 December 2016. There were 36 participants selected using stratified random sampling, with 18 assigned in the experiment and control group. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and wilcoxon test.Results: There were statistically significant differences of anxiety and pain levels before and after intervention in the experiment and control group with p-value 0.001 (<0.05).Conclusion: The combination of hypnobreastfeeding and acupressure has a significant effect in reducing anxiety and pain levels in post-cesarean mothers. This intervention could be applied as an alternative therapy in treating post-caesarean mothers.

Vascularization strategies for tissue engineering for tracheal reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Sun ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
Zhihao Wang ◽  
Hongcan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Microvascular Network ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Tracheal Reconstruction ◽  
Tracheal Replacement ◽  
Therapy Strategies

Tissue engineering technology provides effective alternative treatments for tracheal reconstruction. The formation of a functional microvascular network is essential to support cell metabolism and ensure the long-term survival of grafts. Although several tracheal replacement therapy strategies have been developed in the past, the critical significance of the formation of microvascular networks in 3D scaffolds has not attracted sufficient attention. Here, we review key technologies and related factors of microvascular network construction in tissue-engineered trachea and explore optimized preparation processes of vascularized functional tissues for clinical applications.

Anxiolytics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadi Doroudgar ◽  
Gurjit Bains
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Long Term Therapy ◽  
Pharmacologic Agents ◽  
Underlying Pathophysiology

The underlying pathophysiology of anxiety disorders revolve around neurotransmitter transmission, the pharmacologic target of common medication treatments. Pharmacologic treatment of anxiety disorders generally consists of benzodiazepines for short-term relief of anxiety symptoms and antidepressants as a long-term therapy. Benzodiazepines use should be limited because of habit-forming properties, dependence, and risk of adverse effects. Antidepressants are the typically preferred initial agents for long-term use due to efficacy and lack of dependence. Anxiety disorders may occur as comorbidities with other psychiatric disorders. Other pharmacologic agents are utilized as alternative therapy for patients who do not respond to mainstay therapy or are not candidates for the treatment with antidepressants. This review contains 1 figure, 6 table and 77 references Key Points: anxiety disorders, benzodiazepines, generalized anxiety disorder, norepinephrine, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors

Morphofunctional Effects of C5 Convertase Blockade in Immune Complex-Mediated Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis: Report of Two Cases with Evidence of Terminal Complement Activation

Nephron ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-203
Author(s):  
Camillo Carrara ◽  
Manuel Alfredo Podestà ◽  
Mauro Abbate ◽  
Paola Rizzo ◽  
Rossella Piras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Complex ◽  
Complement Activation ◽  
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Terminal Complement

Studies of Complement Activation in ARDS Patients Treated by Long-Term Extracorporeal CO2Removal

1985 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gardinali M. Cicardi ◽  
D. Frangi ◽  
L. Bergamaschini ◽  
M. Gallazzi ◽  
L. Gattinoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complement Activation

Impact of a New Parent Behavioral-Schema Training on Children with ADHD: A Pragmatic Control Trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 108705472095971
Author(s):  
Maly Solan ◽  
Anat Brunstein Klomek ◽  
Galia Ankori ◽  
Asheda Bloch ◽  
Alan Apter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growth Curve Analysis ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Program ◽  
Symptom Relapse ◽  
Therapy Strategies

Objectives: To examine whether adding schema therapy strategies to the conventional parent behavioral program prevents symptom relapse in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: The intervention was designed as an adaptive pragmatic control trial. The parent behavioral training and schema-enhanced parent behavior therapy (SPBT) protocols were delivered to the control group (40 parents of 23 children) and experimental group (97 parents of 54 children), respectively. Participants were assessed at baseline, mid-treatment, and termination. Parents and teachers indicated the severity of ADHD and comorbid symptoms through their responses to standardized questionnaires designed for this purpose. Results: A nested growth curve analysis demonstrated that participants in the schema-enhanced intervention group had a lower risk of symptom relapse than the control group. Conclusion: Participation in the SPBT program significantly reduced relapse rates by the end of the intervention. Future research may determine the long-term effects of the treatment.

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