scholarly journals In Vivo Analysis of the Biocompatibility and Bone Healing Capacity of a Novel Bone Grafting Material Combined with Hyaluronic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4818
Author(s):  
Annica Pröhl ◽  
Milijana Batinic ◽  
Said Alkildani ◽  
Michael Hahn ◽  
Milena Radenkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Bone Substitute Material ◽  
Water Binding ◽  
Sham Operation Group ◽  
Operation Group ◽  
Substitute Material ◽  
Tissue Reactions ◽  
Inflammatory Tissue

The present in vivo study analyses both the inflammatory tissue reactions and the bone healing capacity of a newly developed bone substitute material (BSM) based on xenogeneic bone substitute granules combined with hyaluronate (HY) as a water-binding molecule. The results of the hyaluronate containing bone substitute material (BSM) were compared to a control xenogeneic BSM of the same chemical composition and a sham operation group up to 16 weeks post implantationem. A major focus of the study was to analyze the residual hyaluronate and its effects on the material-dependent healing behavior and the inflammatory tissue responses. The study included 63 male Wistar rats using the calvaria implantation model for 2, 8, and 16 weeks post implantationem. Established and Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)-conforming histological, histopathological, and histomorphometrical analysis methods were conducted. The results showed that the new hyaluronate containing BSM was gradually integrated within newly formed bone up to the end of the study that ended in a condition of complete bone defect healing. Thereby, no differences to the healing capacity of the control BSM were found. However, the bone formation in both groups was continuously significantly higher compared to the sham operation group. Additionally, no differences in the (inflammatory) tissue response that was analyzed via qualitative and (semi-) quantitative methods were found. Interestingly, no differences were found between the numbers of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages between the three study groups over the entire course of the study. No signs of the HY as a water-binding part of the BSM were histologically detectable at any of the study time points, altogether the results of the present study show that HY allows for an optimal material-associated bone tissue healing comparable to the control xenogeneic BSM. The added HY seems to be degraded within a very short time period of less than 2 weeks so that the remaining BSM granules allow for a gradual osteoconductive bone regeneration. Additionally, no differences between the inflammatory tissue reactions in both material groups and the sham operation group were found. Thus, the new hyaluronate containing xenogeneic BSM and also the control BSM have been shown to be fully biocompatible without any differences regarding bone regeneration.

scholarly journals Temporal response of an injectable calcium phosphate material in a critical size defect

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob T. Landeck ◽  
William R. Walsh ◽  
Rema A. Oliver ◽  
Tian Wang ◽  
Mallory R. Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Bone Substitute Material ◽  
Substitute Material

Abstract Background Calcium phosphate-based bone graft substitutes are used to facilitate healing in bony defects caused by trauma or created during surgery. Here, we present an injectable calcium phosphate-based bone void filler that has been purposefully formulated with hyaluronic acid to offer a longer working time for ease of injection into bony defects that are difficult to access during minimally invasive surgery. Methods The bone substitute material deliverability and physical properties were characterized, and in vivo response was evaluated in a critical size distal femur defect in skeletally mature rabbits to 26 weeks. The interface with the host bone, implant degradation, and resorption were assessed with time. Results The calcium phosphate bone substitute material could be injected as a paste within the working time window of 7–18 min, and then self-cured at body temperature within 10 min. The material reached a maximum ultimate compressive strength of 8.20 ± 0.95 MPa, similar to trabecular bone. The material was found to be biocompatible and osteoconductive in vivo out to 26 weeks, with new bone formation and normal bone architecture observed at 6 weeks, as demonstrated by histological evaluation, microcomputed tomography, and radiographic evaluation. Conclusions These findings show that the material properties and performance are well suited for minimally invasive percutaneous delivery applications.

In vivo comparison of a granular and putty form of a sintered and a non-sintered silica-enhanced hydroxyapatite bone substitute material

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 864-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Dau ◽  
Carnelia Ganz ◽  
Franziska Zaage ◽  
Henning Staedt ◽  
Elisabeth Goetze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Bone Substitute Material ◽  
Substitute Material

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Starfish Bone-Derived β-Tricalcium Phosphate as a Bone Substitute Material

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruka Ishida ◽  
Hisao Haniu ◽  
Akari Takeuchi ◽  
Katsuya Ueda ◽  
Mahoko Sano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Bone Substitute Material ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Tissue Invasion ◽  
Substitute Material ◽  
Porous Calcium Carbonate

We evaluated starfish-derived β-tricalcium phosphate (Sf-TCP) obtained by phosphatization of starfish-bone-derived porous calcium carbonate as a potential bone substitute material. The Sf-TCP had a communicating pore structure with a pore size of approximately 10 μm. Although the porosity of Sf-TCP was similar to that of Cerasorb M (CM)—a commercially available β-TCP bone filler—the specific surface area was roughly three times larger than that of CM. Observation by scanning electron microscopy showed that pores communicated to the inside of the Sf-TCP. Cell growth tests showed that Sf-TCP improved cell proliferation compared with CM. Cells grown on Sf-TCP showed stretched filopodia and adhered; cells migrated both to the surface and into pores. In vivo, vigorous tissue invasion into pores was observed in Sf-TCP, and more fibrous tissue was observed for Sf-TCP than CM. Moreover, capillary formation into pores was observed for Sf-TCP. Thus, Sf-TCP showed excellent biocompatibility in vitro and more vigorous bone formation in vivo, indicating the possible applications of this material as a bone substitute. In addition, our findings suggested that mimicking the microstructure derived from whole organisms may facilitate the development of superior artificial bone.

scholarly journals In vivo and in vitro evaluation of flexible, cottonwool-like nanocomposites as bone substitute material for complex defects

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1775-1784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver D. Schneider ◽  
Franz Weber ◽  
Tobias J. Brunner ◽  
Stefan Loher ◽  
Martin Ehrbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Bone Substitute Material ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Substitute Material

Changes in adiponectin expression in acute myocardial infarction rats and the significance of bisoprolol intervention

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Zhang ◽  
Ben He ◽  
Steven Goldstein ◽  
Junbo Ge ◽  
Zuyue Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Sham Operation Group ◽  
Operation Group

The aims of this study were to explore the changes in expression of myocardial adiponectin (APN), changes in serum APN, and the significance of bisoprolol intervention in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rats. An AMI rat model was established for the purposes of this study and was used for analysis of serum APN as determined by ELISA. Changes in expression of myocardial APN mRNA and APN protein in AMI rats were determined via reverse transcriptase (RT)–PCR and immunohistochemistry. Serum APN concentration and APN protein expression of the myocardium decreased significantly in the AMI groups compared with the sham operation group, with the lowest serum APN and APN protein expression on day 7 after AMI. On days 7 and 10 after AMI, the expression of myocardial APN mRNA in the AMI groups decreased significantly compared with the sham operation group. However, the APN mRNA increased on day 10 compared with that on day 7. Notably, there was an increase in levels of serum APN and myocardial APN expression after bisoprolol intervention. The expression of myocardial APN and serum APN decreased in AMI rats. APN may be an important protective factor against AMI. Bisoprolol can also protect against AMI because it increases APN expression.

scholarly journals The use of solvent-preserved human and bovine cancellous bone blocks for lateral defect augmentation - an experimental controlled study in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Schorn ◽  
Tim Fienitz ◽  
Kathrin Berndsen ◽  
Norbert R. Kübler ◽  
Henrik Holtmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Substitute Material ◽  
Substitute Material

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare new bone formation, resorbed bone matrix, and fibrous enclosed residual bone substitute material in laterally augmented alveolar bone defects using allogeneic, pre-treated and cleaned human bone blocks (tested in dogs, therefore considered to be xenogeneic), and pre-treated and cleaned bovine cancellous bone blocks, both with and without a collagen membrane in order to evaluate their augmentative potential. Methods Thirty-two critical size horizontal defects were prepared in the mandible of 4 adult foxhound dogs (8 per dog, 4 on each side). After 3 months of healing, the defects were laterally augmented in a split-mouth-design with either human (HXB) or bovine solvent-preserved bone blocks (BXB). Afterwards, defects were randomly covered with a bovine collagenous membrane (HXB + M, BXB + M). After a healing interval of 6 months, percentages of new bone formation, resorbed bone matrix, and fibrous enclosed residual bone substitute material were compared. Results Results showed little new bone formation of up to 3.7 % in human bone blocks (HXB 3.7 % ± 10.2, HXB + M 0.3 %± 0.4, BXB, 0.1 % ± 0.8, BXB + M 2.6 % ± 3.2, p = > 0.05). Percentages of fibrous encapsulation were higher in human bone blocks than in bovine bone blocks (HXB 71.2 % ± 8.6, HXB + M 73.71 % ± 10.6, BXB, 60.5 % ± 27.4, BXB + M 52.5 % ± 28.4, p = > 0.05). Resorption rates differed from 44.8 % in bovine bone blocks covered with a membrane to 17.4 % in human bone blocks (HXB 17.4 % ± 7.4, HXB + M 25.9 % ± 10.7, BXB, 38.4 % ± 27.2, BXB + M 44.8 % ± 29.6, p = > 0.05). The use of additional membranes did not significantly affect results. Conclusions Within its limitations, results of this study suggest that solvent-preserved xenogenic human and bovine bone blocks are not suitable for lateral bone augmentation in dogs. Furthermore, defect coverage with a membrane does not positively affect the outcome.

Effect of Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) on Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) Osteogenesis/Adipogenesis via β-Catenin/The Transcription Factor T Cell Factor 1 (TCF1)/Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2 (RUNX2)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2070-2075
Author(s):  
Wenji Shi ◽  
Mingxing Zhao ◽  
Guangxia Shi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipogenic Differentiation ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Runx2 Expression ◽  
Sham Operation Group ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Operation Group ◽  
Sirna Group

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have self-renewal potential. Sirt1 regulates cell differentiation and apoptosis. However, Sirt1’s effect on BMSCs osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation has not been fully elucidated. SD rats were randomly divided into Osteoporosis (OP) group and sham operation group. OP rat BMSCs were isolated and assigned into control group, NC group and Sirt1 siRNA group followed by analysis of Sirt1 level by Real-time PCR, cell proliferation by MTT assay, expression of OC, OPN and FABP4 level by real time PCR, and β-Catenin/TCF1/Runx2 protein expression by Western blot. In OP group, Sirt1 expression was significantly increased and BMSCs proliferation was decreased along with reduced OC and OPN mRNA expression, increased FABP4 expression and reduced β-Catenin/TCF1/Runx2 expression compared with sham operation group (P < 0.05). In Sirt1 siRNA group, Sirt1 expression was significantly reduced, BMSCs proliferation was increased, OC and OPN mRNA expression was increased, FABP4 expression was decreased, and β-Catenin/TCF1/Runx2 expression was increased compared to OP group (P < 0.05). Sirt1 is increased in osteoporosis. Down-regulating Sirt1 in osteoporotic BMSCs can regulate β-Catenin/TCF1/Runx2 signaling and promote BMSCs osteogenic differentiation and inhibit adipogenic differentiation.

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