Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and Their Derivates in Acute Diseases: Emergency in the Post-COVID-19 Times

Francisco J. Vizoso; Silvia Fernández-Francos; Noemi Eiro

doi:10.3390/ijms22168395

Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and Their Derivates in Acute Diseases: Emergency in the Post-COVID-19 Times

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22168395 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (16) ◽

pp. 8395

Author(s):

Francisco J. Vizoso ◽

Silvia Fernández-Francos ◽

Noemi Eiro

Keyword(s):

Stromal Cells ◽

Therapeutic Alternatives

The current coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has strongly revived the pressing need to incorporate new therapeutic alternatives to deal with medical situations that result in a dramatic breakdown in the body’s normal homeostasis [...]

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Molecular Pathways Modulated by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles in Experimental Models of Liver Fibrosis

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology ◽

10.3389/fcell.2020.594794 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Giulia Chiabotto ◽

Chiara Pasquino ◽

Giovanni Camussi ◽

Stefania Bruno

Keyword(s):

Liver Fibrosis ◽

Extracellular Vesicles ◽

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽

Tissue Regeneration ◽

Stromal Cells ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Cell Of Origin ◽

Immunological Rejection ◽

End Stage ◽

Therapeutic Alternatives

End-stage liver fibrosis is common to all chronic liver diseases. Since liver transplantation has several limitations, including lack of donors, immunological rejection, and high medical costs, therapeutic alternatives are needed. The administration of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been proven effective in tissue regeneration after damage. However, the risk of uncontrolled side effects, such as cellular rejection and tumorigenesis, should be taken into consideration. A safer alternative to MSC transplantation is represented by the MSC secretome, which retains the same beneficial effect of the cell of origin, without showing any considerable side effect. The paracrine effect of MSCs is mainly carried out by secreted particles in the nanometer range, known as extracellular vesicles (EVs) that play a fundamental role in intercellular communication. In this review, we discuss the current literature on MSCs and MSC-EVs, focusing on their potential therapeutic action in liver fibrosis and on their molecular content (proteins and RNA), which contributes in reverting fibrosis and prompting tissue regeneration.

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Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Enhances Expansion of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells without Diminishing Their Immunosuppressive Potential

Stem Cells International ◽

10.4061/2011/235176 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Jeffery J. Auletta ◽

Elizabeth A. Zale ◽

Jean F. Welter ◽

Luis A. Solchaga

Keyword(s):

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽

Stromal Cells ◽

Hematologic Malignancies ◽

Population Doubling ◽

Human Mscs ◽

Immunosuppressive Activity ◽

Hematopoietic Stem ◽

Curative Therapy ◽

Therapeutic Alternatives

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the main curative therapy for many hematologic malignancies. Its potential relies on graft-versus-tumor effects which associate with graft-versus-host disease. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess immunomodulatory properties that make them attractive therapeutic alternatives. We evaluated thein vitroimmunosuppressive activity of medium conditioned by human MSCs from 5 donors expanded 13 passages with or without FGF-2. FGF-2 supplementation increased expansion 3,500- and 240,000-fold by passages 7 and 13, respectively. There were no differences in immunosuppressive activity between media conditioned by passage-matched cells expanded under different conditions, but media conditioned by FGF-treated MSCs were superior to population doubling-matched controls. The immunosuppressive activity was maintained in three of the preparations but decreased with expansion in two. The proliferation induced by FGF-2 did not result in loss of immunosuppressive activity. However, because the immunosuppressive activity was not consistently preserved, caution must be exercised to ensure that the activity of the cells is sufficient after extensive expansion.

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