scholarly journals Age-Related Changes in the Matrisome of the Mouse Skeletal Muscle

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10564
Author(s):  
Francesco Demetrio Lofaro ◽  
Barbara Cisterna ◽  
Maria Assunta Lacavalla ◽  
Federico Boschi ◽  
Manuela Malatesta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Proteins ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscles ◽  
Extracellular Environment

Aging is characterized by a progressive decline of skeletal muscle (SM) mass and strength which may lead to sarcopenia in older persons. To date, a limited number of studies have been performed in the old SM looking at the whole, complex network of the extracellular matrix (i.e., matrisome) and its aging-associated changes. In this study, skeletal muscle proteins were isolated from whole gastrocnemius muscles of adult (12 mo.) and old (24 mo.) mice using three sequential extractions, each one analyzed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Muscle sections were investigated using fluorescence- and transmission electron microscopy. This study provided the first characterization of the matrisome in the old SM demonstrating several statistically significantly increased matrisome proteins in the old vs. adult SM. Several proteomic findings were confirmed and expanded by morphological data. The current findings shed new light on the mutually cooperative interplay between cells and the extracellular environment in the aging SM. These data open the door for a better understanding of the mechanisms modulating myocellular behavior in aging (e.g., by altering mechano-sensing stimuli as well as signaling pathways) and their contribution to age-dependent muscle dysfunction.

scholarly journals Telomere length and age-dependent telomere attrition: the blood-and-muscle model

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirna N. Chahine ◽  
Simon Toupance ◽  
Sandy El-Hakim ◽  
Carlos Labat ◽  
Sylvie Gautier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Muscle Model ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Telomere Attrition ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Muscle Biopsies

Short telomere length (TL) is associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) and other age-related diseases. It is unclear whether these associations originate from having inherently short TL or a faster TL attrition before or during disease development. We proposed the blood-and-muscle model to assess TL dynamics throughout life course. Our objective was to measure TL in leukocytes (LTL) and in skeletal muscle (MTL), which served as a proxy of TL at birth. The delta (MTL–LTL) represented life-long telomere attrition. Blood draws and skeletal muscle biopsies were performed on 35 Lebanese individuals undergoing surgery. Following DNA extraction, LTL and MTL were measured by Southern blot. In every individual aged between 30 and 85 years, MTL was longer than LTL. With age, MTL and LTL decreased, but the delta (MTL–LTL) increased by 14 bp/year. We validated the blood-and-muscle model that allowed us to identify TL, TL at birth, and lifelong TL attrition in a cross-sectional study. This model can be used in larger cross-sectional studies to evaluate the association of telomere dynamics with age-related diseases onset and progression.

Characterization of the Age-related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Function

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S407-S408
Author(s):  
Pedro A. Figueiredo ◽  
Rita M. Ferreira ◽  
Maria P. Mota ◽  
Hans J. Appell ◽  
José A. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals The GH/IGF1 axis and signaling pathways in the muscle and bone: mechanisms underlying age-related skeletal muscle wasting and osteoporosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 205 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastio Perrini ◽  
Luigi Laviola ◽  
Marcos C Carreira ◽  
Angelo Cignarelli ◽  
Annalisa Natalicchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Wasting ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Dependent

The widespread increase in life expectancy is accompanied by an increased prevalence of features of physical frailty. Signs and symptoms may include sarcopenia and osteopenia, reduced exercise capacity, and diminished sense of well-being. The pathogenesis of age-associated sarcopenia and osteopenia is multifactorial, and hormonal decline may be a contributing factor. Aging is associated with a progressive decrease in GH secretion, and more than 30% of elderly people have circulating IGF1 levels below the normal range found in the young. GH acts directly on target tissues, including skeletal muscle and bone among many others, but many effects are mediated indirectly by circulating (liver-derived) or locally produced IGF1. Aging is also associated with reduced insulin sensitivity which, in turn, may contribute to the impairment of IGF1 action. Recent experimental evidence suggests that besides the age-dependent decline in GH and IGF1 serum levels, the dysregulation of GH and IGF1 actions due to impairment of the post-receptor signaling machinery may contribute to the loss of muscle mass and osteopenia. This article will focus on the molecular mechanisms of impaired GH and IGF1 signaling and action in aging, and their role in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia and osteoporosis.

scholarly journals mRNA-Seq reveals complex patterns of gene regulation and expression in the mouse skeletal muscle transcriptome associated with calorie restriction

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 331-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Dhahbi ◽  
Hani Atamna ◽  
Dario Boffelli ◽  
David I. K. Martin ◽  
Stephen R. Spindler
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Mrna Isoforms ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Old Mice ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Transcriptome

Sarcopenia is an age-associated loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength that increases the risk of disability. Calorie restriction (CR), the consumption of fewer calories while maintaining adequate nutrition, mitigates sarcopenia and many other age-related diseases. To identify potential mechanisms by which CR preserves skeletal muscle integrity during aging, we used mRNA-Seq for deep characterization of gene regulation and mRNA abundance in skeletal muscle of old mice compared with old mice subjected to CR. mRNA-Seq revealed complex CR-associated changes in expression of mRNA isoforms, many of which occur without a change in total message abundance and thus would not be detected by methods other than mRNA-Seq. Functional annotation of differentially expressed genes reveals CR-associated upregulation of pathways involved in energy metabolism and lipid biosynthesis, and downregulation of pathways mediating protein breakdown and oxidative stress, consistent with earlier microarray-based studies. CR-associated changes not noted in previous studies involved downregulation of genes controlling actin cytoskeletal structures and muscle development. These CR-associated changes reflect generally healthier muscle, consistent with CR's mitigation of sarcopenia. mRNA-Seq generates a rich picture of the changes in gene expression associated with CR, and may facilitate identification of genes that are primary mediators of CR's effects.

scholarly journals Targeting Age-Dependent Functional and Metabolic Decline of Human Skeletal Muscle: The Geroprotective Role of Exercise, Myokine IL-6, and Vitamin D

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Crescioli
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Nutrient Level ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Current Perspective ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Distant Organ

In the elderly, whole-body health largely relies on healthy skeletal muscle, which controls body stability, locomotion, and metabolic homeostasis. Age-related skeletal muscle structural/functional deterioration is associated with a higher risk of severe comorbid conditions and poorer outcomes, demanding major socioeconomic costs. Thus, the need for efficient so-called geroprotective strategies to improve resilience and ensure a good quality of life in older subjects is urgent. Skeletal muscle senescence and metabolic dysregulation share common cellular/intracellular mechanisms, potentially representing targets for intervention to preserve muscle integrity. Many factors converge in aging, and multifaceted approaches have been proposed as interventions, although they have often been inconclusive. Physical exercise can counteract aging and metabolic deficits, not only in maintaining tissue mass, but also by preserving tissue secretory function. Indeed, skeletal muscle is currently considered a proper secretory organ controlling distant organ functions through immunoactive regulatory small peptides called myokines. This review provides a current perspective on the main biomolecular mechanisms underlying age-dependent and metabolic deterioration of skeletal muscle, herein discussed as a secretory organ, the functional integrity of which largely depends on exercise and myokine release. In particular, muscle-derived interleukin (IL)-6 is discussed as a nutrient-level biosensor. Overall, exercise and vitamin D are addressed as optimal geroprotective strategies in view of their multi-target effects.

scholarly journals Transmission Electron Microscopy Study of Mitochondria in Aging Brain Synapses

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladyslava Rybka ◽  
Yuichiro J. Suzuki ◽  
Alexander S. Gavrish ◽  
Vyacheslav A. Dibrova ◽  
Sergiy G. Gychka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Electron Microscopy Study ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy Study ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Synaptic Mitochondria

The brain is sensitive to aging-related morphological changes, where many neurodegenerative diseases manifest accompanied by a reduction in memory. The hippocampus is especially vulnerable to damage at an early stage of aging. The present transmission electron microscopy study examined the synapses and synaptic mitochondria of the CA1 region of the hippocampal layer in young-adult and old rats by means of a computer-assisted image analysis technique. Comparing young-adult (10 months of age) and old (22 months) male Fischer (CDF) rats, the total numerical density of synapses was significantly lower in aged rats than in the young adults. This age-related synaptic loss involved degenerative changes in the synaptic architectonic organization, including damage to mitochondria in both pre- and post-synaptic compartments. The number of asymmetric synapses with concave curvature decreased with age, while the number of asymmetric synapses with flat and convex curvatures increased. Old rats had a greater number of damaged mitochondria in their synapses, and most of this was type II and type III mitochondrial structural damage. These results demonstrate age-dependent changes in the morphology of synaptic mitochondria that may underlie declines in age-related synaptic function and may couple to age-dependent loss of synapses.

Aging impairs endothelium-dependent vasodilation in rat skeletal muscle arterioles

2002 ◽  
Vol 283 (4) ◽  
pp. H1662-H1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy M. Muller-Delp ◽  
Scott A. Spier ◽  
Michael W. Ramsey ◽  
Michael D. Delp
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
First Order ◽  
Flow Capacity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Endothelial Impairment ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscles ◽  
Pressure Changes

Blood flow capacity in skeletal muscle declines with age. Reduced blood flow capacity may be related to decline in the maximal vasodilatory capacity of the resistance vasculature. This study tested the hypothesis that aging results in impaired vasodilatory capacity of first-order (1A) arterioles isolated from rat-hindlimb locomotory muscle: 1A arterioles (90–220 μm) from gastrocnemius and soleus muscles of young (4 mo) and aged (24 mo) Fischer-144 rats were isolated, cannulated, and pressurized via hydrostatic reservoirs. Vasodilatory responses to increasing concentrations of ACh (10−9 to 10−4 M), adenosine (ADO, 10−10 to 10−4 M), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 10−10 to 10−4 M) were evaluated at a constant intraluminal pressure of 60 cmH2O in the absence of flow. Flow-induced vasodilation was also evaluated in the absence of pressure changes. Responses to ADO and SNP were not altered by age. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation induced by flow was significantly reduced in arterioles from both gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. In contrast, endothelium-dependent vasodilation to ACh was reduced only in soleus muscle arterioles. These results indicate that aging impairs vasodilatory responses mediated through the endothelium of resistance arterioles from locomotory muscle, whereas smooth muscle vasodilatory responses remain intact with aging. Additionally, ACh-induced vasodilation was altered by age only in soleus muscle arterioles, suggesting that the mechanism of age-related endothelial impairment differs in arterioles from soleus and gastrocnemius muscles.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

An Electron Microscope Study of Interdiffusion and Compound Formation in Ta-Au Thin Films

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 32-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Tisone ◽  
S. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Thermally Grown Oxide ◽  
Ion Milling ◽  
Compound Formation ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Au Thin Films

In a study of the properties of a Ta-Au metallization system for thin film technology application, the interdiffusion between Ta(bcc)-Au, βTa-Au and Ta2M-Au films was studied. Considered here is a discussion of the use of the transmission electron microscope(TEM) in the identification of phases formed and characterization of the film microstructures before and after annealing.The films were deposited by sputtering onto silicon wafers with 5000 Å of thermally grown oxide. The film thicknesses were 2000 Å of Ta and 2000 Å of Au. Samples for TEM observation were prepared by ultrasonically cutting 3mm disks from the wafers. The disks were first chemically etched from the silicon side using a HNO3 :HF(19:5) solution followed by ion milling to perforation of the Au side.

Characterization of RF Sputtered ZnO Piezoelectric Films Using Transmission Electron Microscope

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
Kemining W. Yeh ◽  
Richard S. Muller ◽  
Wei-Kuo Wu ◽  
Jack Washburn
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Surface Acoustic Waves ◽  
Electromechanical Properties ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Saw Devices ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
High Degree

Considerable and continuing interest has been shown in the thin film transducer fabrication for surface acoustic waves (SAW) in the past few years. Due to the high degree of miniaturization, compatibility with silicon integrated circuit technology, simplicity and ease of design, this new technology has played an important role in the design of new devices for communications and signal processing. Among the commonly used piezoelectric thin films, ZnO generally yields superior electromechanical properties and is expected to play a leading role in the development of SAW devices.

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