scholarly journals A 4-Gene Signature of CDKN1, FDXR, SESN1 and PCNA Radiation Biomarkers for Prediction of Patient Radiosensitivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10607
Author(s):  
Orla Howe ◽  
Lisa White ◽  
Daniel Cullen ◽  
Grainne O’Brien ◽  
Laura Shields ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Healthy Donor ◽  
Gene Signature ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Relative Gene Expression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Relative Gene

The quest for the discovery and validation of radiosensitivity biomarkers is ongoing and while conventional bioassays are well established as biomarkers, molecular advances have unveiled new emerging biomarkers. Herein, we present the validation of a new 4-gene signature panel of CDKN1, FDXR, SESN1 and PCNA previously reported to be radiation-responsive genes, using the conventional G2 chromosomal radiosensitivity assay. Radiation-induced G2 chromosomal radiosensitivity at 0.05 Gy and 0.5 Gy IR is presented for a healthy control (n = 45) and a prostate cancer (n = 14) donor cohort. For the prostate cancer cohort, data from two sampling time points (baseline and Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT)) is provided, and a significant difference (p > 0.001) between 0.05 Gy and 0.5 Gy was evident for all donor cohorts. Selected donor samples from each cohort also exposed to 0.05 Gy and 0.5 Gy IR were analysed for relative gene expression of the 4-gene signature. In the healthy donor cohort, there was a significant difference in gene expression between IR dose for CDKN1, FXDR and SESN1 but not PCNA and no significant difference found between all prostate cancer donors, unless they were classified as radiation-induced G2 chromosomal radiosensitive. Interestingly, ADT had an effect on radiation response for some donors highlighting intra-individual heterogeneity of prostate cancer donors.

Effect of Vitrification on Folliculogenesis-Related Genes in Ovarian Follicles of Bubalus bubalis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Dua ◽  
A. Alam ◽  
M. S. Chauhan ◽  
P. Palta ◽  
M. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Relative Gene Expression ◽  
Follicular Cells ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Staining ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Relative Gene

Background: Many years have been devoted to preserve fertility, but the effect of cryopreservation on gene functionality in primary, secondary and tertiary follicular stages; is still unclear. The present study was designed to assess the effect of vitrification on the histological structures and expression of follicular cells related genes. Methods: The buffalo ovarian cortical tissues were vitrified in two-steps. The sliced cortical tissues were incubated with VS1 (8.5% DMSO and 8.5% EG) for 10 min and sequentially incubated and stored in liquid nitrogen in VS2 (16.5% DMSO, 16.5% EG and 0.1M Sucrose). Morphological differences were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, which indicated similar structures in both groups. Further, functionality of these follicles were evaluated by the relative gene expression of folliculogenesis-related genes; FOXO3, NLRP5, WNT4, SF1, VEGFA and HAS2. No significant difference was observed between the vitrified groups as compared to control. Moreover, toxicity in follicular cells during vitrification was rectified by MTT assay which also showed no significant difference. Conclusion: Present study can be considered as the key work that helps in filling the gaps regarding the growth of follicles after cryopreservation in buffalo species, as this imparts nonsignificant injury on follicular functionality and development.

scholarly journals Increased gene expression and copy number of mutated blaKPC lead to high-level ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingxiao Sun ◽  
Haibo Li ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Yingmei Liu ◽  
Bin Cao
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Relative Gene Expression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relative Gene

Abstract Background Resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam was reported, and it is important to investigate the mechanisms of ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in K. pneumoniae with mutations in blaKPC. Results We report the mutated blaKPC is not the only mechanism related to CZA resistance, and investigate the role of outer porin defects, efflux pump, and relative gene expression and copy number of blaKPC and ompk35/36. Four ceftazidime/avibactam-sensitive isolates detected wild type blaKPC-2, while 4 ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant isolates detected mutated blaKPC (blaKPC-51, blaKPC-52, and blaKPC-33). Compared with other ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant isolates with the minimal inhibitory concentration of ceftazidime/avibactam ranging 128–256 mg/L, the relative gene expression and copy number of blaKPC was increased in the isolate which carried blaKPC-51 and also showed the highest minimal inhibitory concentration of ceftazidime/avibactam at 2048 mg/L. The truncated Ompk35 contributes rare to ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in our isolates. No significant difference in minimal inhibitory concentration of ceftazidime/avibactam was observed after the addition of PABN. Conclusions Increased gene expression and copy number of mutated blaKPC can cause high-level ceftazidime/avibactam resistance.

Evaluation of E2F3 and survivin expression in peripheral blood as potential diagnostic markers of prostate cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-532
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Wadaa Allah ◽  
Fatma F. Abdel Hamid ◽  
Ahmed F. Soliman ◽  
Noha Ibrahim ◽  
Ibrahim Malash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Relative Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Relative Gene ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

AbstractBackgroundProstate cancer (PC) incidence has risen globally. As there are no current independent biomarkers with high diagnostic efficiency to detect PC, this study was performed to investigate the relative gene expression levels of E2F3 and survivin in the whole blood of PC, benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), and normal control individuals and to explore their diagnostic value.Material and methodsParticipants of the study were divided into three groups; normal control group (n=25), BPH patients (n=25), and PC patients (n=75). The E2F3 and survivin gene expression levels were assessed using real-time qPCR in addition to the measurement of free and total levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) using electrochemiluminescence assays.ResultsSurvivin relative gene expression was over-expressed in PC and BPH patients compared to the normal control group, whereas, E2F3 did not differ significantly among the studied groups. Compared to PSA, E2F3 and survivin mRNA expression levels had lower diagnostic efficacy to differentiate PC from normal and BPH individuals with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.471 and 0.727, respectively. Further, survivin expression level was associated with increased the risk of PC.ConclusionSurvivin and E2F3 relative expression levels in peripheral blood had low diagnostic performance to detect PC and individuals with high survivin expression levels may have higher risk to develop PC.

scholarly journals Influence of Angiopoietin Treatment with Hypoxia and Normoxia on Human Intervertebral Disc Progenitor Cell’s Proliferation, Metabolic Activity, and Phenotype

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7144
Author(s):  
Muriel C. Bischof ◽  
Sonja Häckel ◽  
Andrea Oberli ◽  
Andreas S. Croft ◽  
Katharina A. C. Oswald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Relative Gene Expression ◽  
Progenitor Cell Population ◽  
Ivd Degeneration ◽  
Relative Gene

Increasing evidence implicates intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration as a major contributor to low back pain. In addition to a series of pathogenic processes, degenerated IVDs become vascularized in contrast to healthy IVDs. In this context, angiopoietin (Ang) plays a crucial role and is involved in cytokine recruitment, and anabolic and catabolic reactions within the extracellular matrix (ECM). Over the last decade, a progenitor cell population has been described in the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the IVD to be positive for the Tie2 marker (also known as Ang-1 receptor). In this study, we investigated the influence of Ang-1 and Ang-2 on human NP cell (Tie2+, Tie2- or mixed) populations isolated from trauma patients during 7 days in normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (≤ 5% O2). At the end of the process, the proliferation and metabolic activity of the NP cells were analyzed. Additionally, the relative gene expression of NP-related markers was evaluated. NP cells showed a higher proliferation depending on the Ang treatment. Moreover, the study revealed higher NP cell metabolism when cultured in hypoxia. Additionally, the relative gene expression followed, with an increase linked to the oxygen level and Ang concentration. Our study comparing different NP cell populations may be the start of new approaches for the treatment of IVD degeneration.

Sources and levels of zinc affect relative gene expression related to protein metabolism in broilers

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.L. Silva ◽  
B.R. Carvalho ◽  
H.C. Ferreira Júnior ◽  
H.C. Oliveira ◽  
C.R. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Relative Gene Expression ◽  
Relative Gene

scholarly journals Elevated Lipocalin-2 Can Indicate the Vascular Inflammation in Patients with Ischemic Stroke

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajnics P ◽  
◽  
Kellner A ◽  
Nagy F ◽  
Alföldi V ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Gene Expression Level ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Neutrophil Granulocytes ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Relative Gene Expression ◽  
Thrombotic Risk ◽  
Relative Gene ◽  
Relative Gene Expression Level

Purpose: Elevated level of Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), a new acute phase adipokine, was described after ischemic stroke. A number of researchers feel as though that LCN2 originated from the infiltrating neutrophils and other cells in brain after stroke. Others measured elevated LCN2 expression in arteriosclerotic plaque. Therefore we have investigated LCN2 relative gene expression level of blood neutrophil granulocytes in patients with ischemic stroke to assess if elevated LCN2 is the cause or consequence of ischemic stroke. Methods: Laboratory and anamnestic data were collected, which could have a role in development of thrombo-embolic events in patients with ischemic stroke. RNA based method was used to evaluate the relative gene expression level of LCN2. We calculated Odds Ratio (OR) and Confidence Interval (CI) for the association between LCN2 and ischemic stroke. Results: 34 samples were available for evaluation. The LCN 2 relative gene expression level was decreased in 12 cases. In this group, 91% of patients have Atrial Fibrillation (AF) at the time of hospitalisation. The mean LCN2 relative gene expression value was 64.25% (ranges: 34%-115%) in patients with AF. It was significantly lower than in patients with normal sinus rhythm (409.2%; ranges: 127%-1127%; p=0.0003). The elevated LCN2 relative gene expression level significantly (p=0.012) increases the risk of stroke (OR: 12.6) independently from other factors. Conclusions: High LCN2 expression level seems to have strong positive predictive value on ischemic stroke, and may be useful in thrombotic risk stratification of plaque vulnerability in these patients.

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