scholarly journals Temporal Viability of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus Eggs Using Two Hygroscopic Substances as Preservatives under a Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) Program in Southern Mexico

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Eunice Nayeli Martínez-García ◽  
Esteban E. Díaz-González ◽  
Carlos F. Marina ◽  
J. Guillermo Bond ◽  
Jorge J. Rodríguez-Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Sterile Insect Technique ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties ◽  
Hydrolyzed Collagen ◽  
Egg Storage

Dengue and other Aedes-borne diseases have dramatically increased over the last decades. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) has been successfully used as part of integrated pest strategies to control populations of insect-plant and livestock pests and is currently being tested as a potential method to reduce mosquito populations in an environmentally friendly approach. However, during the mass rearing steps needed to produce millions of mosquitoes, egg storage and preservation are essential for a certain amount of time. Eggs of Aedes aegypti have a chorionic pad that functions as a sticky substance to glue them onto the inner walls of larval breeding sites. The chorionic pad is chemically made of hyaluronic acid, a hygroscopic compound, responsible to protect them from desiccation over time. Two commercial products with hygroscopic properties, hydrolyzed collagen, and Hyalurosmooth®, both were tested to assess their ability to prolong egg life storage for A. aegypti and A. albopictus. Results showed that 85–95% of Ae. aegypti eggs were able to hatch up to week 8 after being treated with both hydrophilic compounds, compared with the control 66.3%. These two substances showed promising effects for keeping Ae. aegypti eggs viable during prolonged storage in mass rearing insect production focused on vector control SIT programs.

scholarly journals An Initiative the Used of Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) To Control Filariasis in Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Beni Ernawan ◽  
Hadian Iman Sasmita
Keyword(s):  
Sterile Insect Technique ◽  
Wuchereria Bancrofti ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
World Health ◽  
Target Area ◽  
River Blindness ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Health Organization

Filariasis as part of the neglected tropical disease is one of the health problems in the world. Filariasis divided into onchocerciasis (river blindness) and lymphatic filariasis or elephantiasis. This disease caused by filarial nematode parasites Onchocerca volvulus, Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and Brugia timori. Filariasis transmitted by several mosquito genera as the vector. Indonesia as endemic filariasis, agreed on plays a role on World Health Organization (WHO) global filariasis elimination in 2020. Sterile insect technique (SIT) is a potential method which can be applied to filariasis elimination program by controlling the mosquito population. Basic principles of SIT involve mass rearing of species target, sterilization process using gamma-rays and releasing sterile male insect into a target area. SIT combined with other methods under one management as Area-wide Integrated Pest Management (AW-IPM) to increasing effectiveness and successful filariasis elimination program in Indonesia. Filariasis elimination program in Indonesia has several challenges and needed public participation to achieve program goals.

scholarly journals Population Dynamics of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Two Rural Villages in Southern Mexico: Baseline Data for an Evaluation of the Sterile Insect Technique

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Carlos F. Marina ◽  
J. Guillermo Bond ◽  
Kenia Hernández-Arriaga ◽  
Javier Valle ◽  
Armando Ulloa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Sterile Insect Technique ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
The Village

Indoor and outdoor ovitraps were placed in 15 randomly selected houses in two rural villages in Chiapas, southern Mexico. In addition, ovitraps were placed in five transects surrounding each village, with three traps per transect, one at the edge, one at 50 m, and another at 100 m from the edge of the village. All traps were inspected weekly. A transect with eight traps along a road between the two villages was also included. Population fluctuations of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus were examined during 2016–2018 by counting egg numbers. A higher number of Aedes spp. eggs was recorded at Hidalgo village with 257,712 eggs (60.9%), of which 58.1% were present in outdoor ovitraps and 41.9% in indoor ovitraps, compared with 165,623 eggs (39.1%) collected in the village of Río Florido, 49.0% in outdoor and 51.0% in indoor ovitraps. A total of 84,047 eggs was collected from ovitraps placed along transects around Río Florido, compared to 67,542 eggs recorded from transects around Hidalgo. Fluctuations in egg counts were associated with annual variation in precipitation, with 2.3 to 3.2-fold more eggs collected from ovitraps placed in houses and 4.8 to 5.1-fold more eggs in ovitraps from the surrounding transects during the rainy season than in the dry season, respectively. Aedes aegypti was the dominant species during the dry season and at the start of the rainy season in both villages. Aedes albopictus populations were lower for most of the dry season, but increased during the rainy season and predominated at the end of the rainy season in both villages. Aedes albopictus was also the dominant species in the zones surrounding both villages. The numbers of eggs collected from intradomiciliary ovitraps were strongly correlated with the numbers of eggs in peridomiciliary ovitraps in both Río Florido (R2adj = 0.92) and Hidalgo (R2adj = 0.94), suggesting that peridomiciliary sampling could provide an accurate estimate of intradomiciliary oviposition by Aedes spp. in future studies in these villages. We conclude that the feasibility of sterile insect technique (SIT)-based program of vector control could be evaluated in the isolated Ae. aegypti populations in the rural villages of our baseline study.

scholarly journals Field Effectiveness of Drones to Identify Potential Aedes aegypti Breeding Sites in Household Environments from Tapachula, a Dengue-Endemic City in Southern Mexico

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 663
Author(s):  
Kenia Mayela Valdez-Delgado ◽  
David A. Moo-Llanes ◽  
Rogelio Danis-Lozano ◽  
Luis Alberto Cisneros-Vázquez ◽  
Adriana E. Flores-Suarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Ground Field ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Larval Habitats ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Aedes aegypti control programs require more sensitive tools in order to survey domestic and peridomestic larval habitats for dengue and other arbovirus prevention areas. As a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, field technicians have faced a new occupational hazard during their work activities in dengue surveillance and control. Safer strategies to monitor larval populations, in addition to minimum householder contact, are undoubtedly urgently needed. Drones can be part of the solution in urban and rural areas that are dengue-endemic. Throughout this study, the proportion of larvae breeding sites found in the roofs and backyards of houses were assessed using drone images. Concurrently, the traditional ground field technician’s surveillance was utilized to sample the same house groups. The results were analyzed in order to compare the effectiveness of both field surveillance approaches. Aerial images of 216 houses from El Vergel village in Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico, at a height of 30 m, were obtained using a drone. Each household was sampled indoors and outdoors by vector control personnel targeting all the containers that potentially served as Aedes aegypti breeding sites. The main results were that the drone could find 1 container per 2.8 found by ground surveillance; however, containers that were inaccessible by technicians in roofs and backyards, such as plastic buckets and tubs, disposable plastic containers and flowerpots were more often detected by drones than traditional ground surveillance. This new technological approach would undoubtedly improve the surveillance of Aedes aegypti in household environments, and better vector control activities would therefore be achieved in dengue-endemic countries.

GAMBARAN INDEKS LARVA AEDES AEGYPTI DI BUFFER WILAYAH KERJA BANDARA SEPINGGAN BALIKPAPAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdurrakhman abdurrakhman Abdurrakhman
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Transportation Equipment ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Larvae Density

ABSTRACT : The House index and Container Index in the buffer area of ​​the working area of ​​Balikpapan Sepinggan Airport is still above 1%, so the potential for the spread of dengue disease. Mobilization of people, goods and transportation equipment will increasingly affect the transmission of disease in ports and airports, especially for vector-borne diseases. This study aims to analyze the risk factors associated with larvae density of Aedes aegypti and describe the larvae index in the buffer zone of the Sepinggan Balikpapan Airport This study was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. The sample in this study was 121 houses with a proportionate stratified random sampling, the research location was in the buffer zone of Sepinggan Balikpapan Airport in November 2018. The variables studied were houses with positive larvae containers, breeding sites and PSN behavior and larvasidation. The data was analyzed using the chi square test. There was a relationship between houses with larvae positive Aedes aegypti, behavior of Mosquito Nest Eradication (PSN) and larvasidation with larvae density of Aedes aegypti but not for breeding sites (p = 0.00 and 95% CI = 0.64), and   (p = 0.00 and 95% CI = 0.34). The description of several Aedes aegypti larvae index, namely House Index (HI) = 57.02%, Container Index (CI) = 24.36%, Bruteau Index (BI) = 148.76, and Flick Free Numbers (ABJ) = 42.98 %. Houses with larvae of Aedes aegypti larvae and PSN and larvasidation behavior were associated with larvae density of Aedes aegypti. The index of HI, CI and BI larvae is of high value so there is a risk of DBD transmission

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of potential and positive Aedes aegypti breeding sites

Biomédica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Daniel Elías Cuartas ◽  
Genny Martínez ◽  
Diana María Caicedo ◽  
Jhonny Garcés ◽  
Yoseth Ariza-Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Breeding Sites

Introducción. La distribución espacial de Aedes aegypti es heterogénea, y la interacción entre criaderos positivos y potenciales en el intradomicilio y el extradomicilio es uno de los aspectos más difíciles de caracterizar en los programas de control vectorial.Objetivo. Describir la relación espacial entre los criaderos potenciales y positivos de A. aegypti en el intradomicilio y en el extradomicilio en un sector de Cali, Colombia.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo una encuesta entomológica con el objetivo de recolectar datos de los criaderos en el intradomicilio y el extradomicilio. El análisis exploratorio de los datos espaciales incluyó la localización, la tendencia espacial, la autocorrelación espacial local, la continuidad espacial y la correlación espacial de los criaderos positivos y potenciales según el hábitat.Resultados. Se determinaron las tendencias espaciales. Mediante el análisis de autocorrelación espacial local se ubicaron los conglomerados de criaderos potenciales y positivos del extradomicilio. Se encontró una correlación positiva entre los criaderos potenciales y los positivos y una correlación negativa entre el intradomicilio y el extradomicilio.Conclusiones. La relación espacial entre criaderos positivos y potenciales de A. aegypti en el intradomicilio y el extradomicilio es dinámica y muy sensible a las características de cada territorio, por lo que establecer su distribución en el espacio contribuye a la priorización de recursos y acciones en los programas de control vectorial.

scholarly journals Effects of Alternative Blood Sources on Wolbachia Infected Aedes aegypti Females within and across Generations

Insects ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Paris ◽  
Ellen Cottingham ◽  
Perran Ross ◽  
Jason Axford ◽  
Ary Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Mass Release ◽  
Deliberate Release ◽  
Blood Source ◽  
Wolbachia Density ◽  
Infected Line ◽  
Strong Adaptation

Wolbachia bacteria have been identified as a tool for reducing the transmission of arboviruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti. Research groups around the world are now mass rearing Wolbachia-infected Ae. aegypti for deliberate release. We investigated the fitness impact of a crucial element of mass rearing: the blood meal required by female Ae. aegypti to lay eggs. Although Ae. aegypti almost exclusively feed on human blood, it is often difficult to use human blood in disease-endemic settings. When females were fed on sheep or pig blood rather than human blood, egg hatch rates decreased in all three lines tested (uninfected, or infected by wMel, or wAlbB Wolbachia). This finding was particularly pronounced when fed on sheep blood, although fecundity was not affected. Some of these effects persisted after an additional generation on human blood. Attempts to keep populations on sheep and pig blood sources only partly succeeded, suggesting that strong adaptation is required to develop a stably infected line on an alternative blood source. There was a decrease in Wolbachia density when Ae. aegypti were fed on non-human blood sources. Density increased in lines kept for multiple generations on the alternate sources but was still reduced relative to lines kept on human blood. These findings suggest that sheep and pig blood will entail a cost when used for maintaining Wolbachia-infected Ae. aegypti. These costs should be taken into account when planning mass release programs.

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