scholarly journals Relationship between Cardiovascular Calcium and Atrial Fibrillation

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Sung Ho Lee ◽  
Mi Yeon Lee ◽  
Seung Yong Shin ◽  
Wang-Soo Lee ◽  
Sang-Wook Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) is associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the relationship between the burden of CACS and extra-coronary calcium and the AF is unclear. This cross-sectional study retrospectively analyzed the data of 143,529 participants (74.9% men; mean age, 41.7 ± 8.6 years) who underwent health examination including non-contrast cardiac CT and electrocardiography, from 2010 to 2018 to evaluate the association between cardiac calcium and AF. AF was diagnosed in 679 participants. The prevalence of AF was significantly increased as the CACS increased (p < 0.01). Multivariable analysis adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking, alcohol, and history of coronary artery disease showed a significant association between a high CACS ≥1000 and AF (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.07–4.77, p = 0.032). In a subgroup analysis of participants with a CACS ≥100, aortic valve and thoracic aorta calcium were significantly associated with AF (OR 3.49, 95% CI 1.57–7.77, p = 0.002 and OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.14–4.21, p = 0.01, respectively). High CACS was associated with AF, and extra-coronary atherosclerosis was associated with AF in participants with a moderate to very high CACS.

scholarly journals CORONARY ARTERY CALCIFICATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1432-1441
Author(s):  
Liaqat Ali ◽  
Naeem Asghar ◽  
Muhammad Nazim ◽  
Maqbool Hussain ◽  
Ali Farahe
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Stenosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Zero Calcium Score

Background: Due to increased risk of CAD and cardiovascular events,prediction of severity and/ or complexity of coronary artery disease (CAD) are valuable.Previously association between severity of CAD and total coronary artery calcium (CAC) scorewas not demonstrated but now there are lot of studies which have proven this associationbut still association between total CAC score and complexity of CAD is not well established.Objective: This study was conducted: (1) To investigate the association between coronaryartery calcium (CAC) score and CAD assessed by CCTA. (2) To find which one of the two, CADseverity or complexity, is better associated with total CAC score in symptomatic patients havingsignificant CAD. Study Design: Observational cross sectional study. Place and Duration: Thestudy was conducted at Shifa International Hospital Faisalabad from March 2013 to June 2016.Materials and Methods: Total 195 consecutive patients of both gender age ≥20 years whowas referred for CT angiography to our hospital and who fulfill the inclusion and exclusioncriteria was included in the study. Before enrollment in the study all patients gave informedconsent. Before CT angiography total CAC score was obtained by non- enhanced CT scans.Demographic characteristics of all patients were obtained. Regarding risk factors for CAD,history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, family H/O ischemic heart disease and hyperlipidemiawas noted. In all patients before CT angiography, Lab. investigations including complete bloodcount, fasting blood sugar, fasting lipid profile, blood urea and serum creatinine levels wereobtained. Calcium scores were quantified by the scoring algorithm proposed by Agatston et al.All lesions were added to calculate the total CAC score by the Agatston method. Calcium scoreswere divided into the following categories: 0, 1–100, 101–400, and ≥400. The degree of stenosiswas classified into four categories: (1) no stenosis, (2) minimal or mild stenosis (≤50%), (3)moderate stenosis (50%–70%), and (4) severe stenosis (>70%). CAD was defined when lumendiameter reduction was greater than 50% (moderate or severe stenosis). Results: Total 195patients were studied. 136 (69.7%) were male and 59 (30.3%) were female. Mean age of studypopulation was 52.8±10.38 years. 81(41.54%) patients had H/O chest pain, 11(5.64%) hadH/O shortness of breath and 96(49.23%) presented with chest tightness. 104(53.33%) patientswere hypertensive, 71(36.41%) were diabetic, 67(34.35%) had increased cholesterol level. In57 (29.2%) there was no coronary artery disease, 58(29.7%) had mild CAD, 32 (16.4%) hadmoderate and 48 (24.6%) had severe coronary artery disease on CT angiography. Single vesselwas involved in 38(19.5%) patients, 20(10.3%) had two vessel disease and triple vessel diseasewas present in 22(11.3%) patients. 104(53.3%) patients had zero calcium score. 44(22.6%)had CAC score between 1-100, 37 (19%) had CAC score between 101-400 and more than 400CAC score was documented in 10 (5.1%) patients. Conclusions: This study in addition topatient based analysis also confirms the significant relationship between vessels based CADand CAC score. The prevalence of multivessel CAD increased in patients with CACS >100 andthere is 100% incidence of CAD in patients with CACS >1000. Zero calcium cannot exclude thepresence of significant CAD. Our data supports that in symptomatic patients calcium scoring isan additional filter before coronary angiography.

Abstract 448: Association of CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc Score with Coronary Atherosclerosis Burden in Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kongkiat Chaikriangkrai ◽  
Sama Alchalabi ◽  
Sayf Khaleel bala ◽  
Mahwash Kassi ◽  
Su Min Chang
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium Score ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Chads2 Score ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: This study is to examine association of CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc score with coronary artery disease (CAD) in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) Method: A total of 676 consecutive nonvalvular AF patients without known history of CAD underwent coronary artery calcium score (CACS) evaluation by multi-detector cardiac computed tomography. Clinical characteristics and CACS were compared between different CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc score groups. Results: The cohort comprised of 68% (461 of 676) male with a mean ± SD age of 63 ± 10 years. Median 10-year risk of CAD by Framingham score was 11% (range 2%-53%). Median CHADS2 score was 1 (range 0-6) and median CHA2DS2-VASc score was 2 (range 0-8). Mean ± SD CACS was 215 ± 504. Compared to CHADS2 score ≤ 1, those with CHADS2 score > 1 had higher mean ± SD CACS (359 ± 738 VS 158 ± 359; p<0.001). CHADS2 score > 1 is associated with CACS > 0 (OR 1.751; 95%CI 1.168, 2.624; p 0.007) and CACS > 400 (OR 2.528; 95%CI 1.641, 3.896; p < 0.001). Similarly, compared to CHA2DS2-VASc score ≤ 1, those with CHA2DS2-VASc score > 1 had higher mean ± SD CACS (270 ± 586 VS 150 ± 376; p<0.001). CHA2DS2-VASc score > 1 is associated with CACS > 0 (OR 1.713; 95%CI 1.217, 2.409; p 0.002) and CACS > 400 (OR 2.683; 95%CI 1.678, 4.289; p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristics of CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc score models for CACS > 400 is shown in the figure. Conclusion: In nonvalvular AF patients, higher CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc score are comparably associated with presence and severity of CAD.

Abstract 491: Detection of Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease by Calcium Score in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Potential Clinical Implications

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kongkiat Chaikriangkrai ◽  
Miguel Valderrabano ◽  
Sayf Khaleel Bala ◽  
Sama Alchalabi ◽  
Edward Graviss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Original Definition ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: Clinical implications of detecting subclinical coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are unclear. Methods: A total of 430 AF patients (age 63 ± 10 y, 65% male, 62% hypertensive, 16% diabetic, 42% dyslipidemic) without known CAD undergoing pre-procedural CT for catheter ablation were included. We evaluated the change in: 1) numbers of patients with CACS-diagnosed CAD who could potentially be on statin. 2) CHA2DS2-VASc score after incorporating CACS>100 (related to increased risk of stroke) into the original definition of vascular diseases who could potentially be on anticoagulants. Results: 1) Prevalence of subclinical CAD (CACS>0) was 74% (319/430) and 25% (106/430) had CACS>100. There were 62% (267/430) who were not on statin. Of these patients, 71% (190/267) had subclinical CAD while 21% (34/163) of statin users had CACS of 0. 2) The median original CHA2DS2-VASc score was 2. After incorporating CACS>100 into the original score, 24% (18/75) with the original score of 0 had the score changed to 1 (7/35 in persistent AF [PST-AF] and 11/40 in paroxysmal AF [PRX-AF]) (figure A) and 17% (22/131) with the original score of 1 had the score changed to ≥ 2 (10/83 in PST-AF and 12/48 in PRX-AF) (figure B). PRX-AF had more frequent increase in CHA2DS2-VASc score than PST-AF (p=0.035)(figure C). Conclusion: In AF patients without known history of CAD, detecting subclinical CAD by CACS potentially has important therapeutic implications for prevention forprogression of CAD and stroke.

Abstract 449: Increased Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Persistent Type of Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kongkiat Chaikriangkrai ◽  
Sama Alchalabi ◽  
Sayf Khaleel bala ◽  
Su Min Chang
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Framingham Score ◽  
Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: This study is to examine relationship between coronary artery disease (CAD) and types of atrial fibrillation (AF) Methods: A total of 403 nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients without known history of CAD underwent coronary artery calcium score (CACS) evaluation by multi-detector cardiac computed tomography. Clinical characteristics and CACS were compared between patients with persistent type of AF and paroxysmal type of AF. Results: The cohort comprised of 65% (279 of 430) male with a mean (SD) age of 63(10) years. Prevalence of persistent AF was 60% (259 of 430). Mean (SD) 10-year risk of CAD by Framingham score was 14(7)%. Median CACS was 22 (range 0-5402) with 75% CACS>0 (321 of 430). Compared to paroxysmal type, those with persistent type had higher prevalence of CAC>0 as shown in Figure1 and more history of hypertension (p<0.001) but less history of smoking (p0.004), statins use (p0.018) and warfarin use (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in mean age (p0.783) and CAD risk by Framingham score (p0.477) between two groups. In multivariate analysis, persistent type is an independent predictor for CACS>0 (OR 1.938; 95%CI 1.197, 3.138; p0.007). Conclusion: In patients with AF, persistent type of AF is independently associated with CACS>0. Our findings suggest potential benefit from evaluation of CAD in this population.

scholarly journals C-Peptide Is Independently Associated with an Increased Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in T2DM Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e0127112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingshu Wang ◽  
Peng Lin ◽  
Aixia Ma ◽  
Huizhen Zheng ◽  
Kexin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals Severity and Pattern of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Cardiovascular Dysmetabolic Syndrome

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-16
Author(s):  
AA Jamil ◽  
KMHSS Haque ◽  
AA Mamun ◽  
MA Siddique ◽  
SK Banerji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Medical University

A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Cardiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka in collaboration with Department of Cardiology, CMH, Dhaka Cantonment from June 1999 to May 2000. The patients clinically diagnosed or documented to have coronary artery disease (CAD) requiring coronary angiography (CAG) were included in the study, and were grouped into patients with Cardiovascular Dysmetabalic Syndrome (CDS Group) and without CDS (non-CDS group). The CDS was diagnosed by using the diagnostic criteria defined by Western Working Group, Hawaii, in 1997, Patients with hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies, valvular and congenital heart diseases, and other systemic diseases were excluded frarn the study. OtherCAD risk factors, i,e. Smoking, family history of CAD and physical inactivity were also analyzed. The CAG findings were analyzed in terms of severity and pattern of coronary lesions and were compared between the groups.

P3624Prevalence and severity of coronary artery disease linked to prognosis in psoriasis patients referred for coronary computed tomography angiography: A multicentre cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Tinggaard ◽  
K F Hjuler ◽  
I T Andersen ◽  
S Winther ◽  
L Iversen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Psoriasis (Pso) is a disease characterized by systemic inflammation and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the degree of coronary artery calcification in Pso and its relation to prognosis is largely unknown. Purpose The aim of this study was 1) to estimate the prevalence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in this patient group and 2) to asses the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) including revascularization and all-cause mortality after initial diagnosis and treatment in a large-scale cohort of patients who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) due to angina symptoms. Methods This study consists of two parts using data from the Western Denmark Heart Registry; a cross-sectional study included 40,125 patients and a follow-up study included 42,861 patients. Pso patients were identified by the National Patient Registry and verified by nationwide prescription and treatment code registers. Primary outcome in the cross-sectional study was a coronary artery calcium score (CACS) >0, with a secondary outcome defined as a CACS ≥400. In the follow-up study, the primary outcome was a combined outcome including myocardial infarction, revascularization, ischemic or unspecified stroke and all-cause mortality. Events within the first 90 days after CCTA were attributed to initial treatment and consequently excluded. All outcomes were adjusted for common cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities. Results In the cross-sectional study 1,407 (3.5%) Pso patients were identified. OR was 1.31 (95% CI; 1.15–1.49) for CACS >0 and 1.33 (95% CI; 1.10–1.62) for CACS ≥400 in Pso patients compared to non-Pso patients. In the follow-up study 1,591 (3.7%) Pso patients were identified. The mean duration of follow-up after CCTA was 4.0 years (min/max 0.0/10.2). Crude HR for the combined outcome was 1.52 (95% CI; 1.24–1.87), while adjusted HR was 1.16 (95% CI; 0.95–1.43). Conclusion In this clinically relevant cohort of patients referred to CCTA for CAD rule out, coronary artery calcification was more frequent and more severe in Pso patients even compared to the control patients with several risk factors and angina symptoms, but without inflammatory diseases. An increased risk of the combined outcome of MACE including revascularization and all-cause mortality after initial treatment in Pso patients was found in the crude analysis. The increased risk seemed predominantly carried by an increase in traditional risk factors.

A cross-sectional study for risk factor model predictive for developing ischemic stroke: a clinical pharmacist’s approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Sadeq ◽  
Asim Ahmed Elnour ◽  
Nadia Al Mazrouei ◽  
Mohamed Baraka
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract BackgroundThere is a paucity of studies in ischemic stroke in our region.Aim The aim of the current study was to delineate the potentially risk factors for the development of ischemic stroke. MethodsWe have conducted a cross-sectional hospital-based study that has enrolled 210 subjects. The subjects have had presented to the emergency department in a tertiary hospital at the United Arab Emirates. Subjects were diagnosed with ischemic stroke within 24 hours of presentation. Outcome measureThe main outcome measure was the development of ischemic stroke during indexed hospital visit.ResultsThe mean age was 47.5 ±3.2 with higher preponderance of males over females (60.9%) and 48.1% were ≥65 years. The final logistic regression model for the development of ischemic stroke contains seven variables. In descending order the seven predictive risk factors for the development of ischemic stroke were: hypertension (OR 6.1, CI 2.4-9.5; P =0.029), coronary artery disease (OR 4.2, 3.7-9.1; P =0.038), low physical activity (OR 4.2, CI 2.1-9.1; P =0.035), history of previous stroke (OR 4.1, 1.4-3.4; P =0.033), atrial fibrillation (OR 3.2, CI 2.6-8.2; P =0.017), family history of stroke (OR 3.1, 1.3-6.9; P =0.042) and diabetes mellitus (OR 2.7, CI 1.25-6.1; P =0.035). The specificity of the model was 54.2%, the sensitivity was 89.7%, and the overall accuracy was 77.3%.ConclusionIt is prudent to control the modifiable risk factors for the development of stroke such as hypertension, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease and low physical activity.

scholarly journals Levels of Lipoprotein (a) in patients with coronary artery disease with and without inflammatory rheumatic disease: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e030651
Author(s):  
Sverre Holm ◽  
Ingvild Oma ◽  
Tor-Arne Hagve ◽  
Kjell Saatvedt ◽  
Frank Brosstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

ObjectivesPatients with various inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs) have increased risk of atherothrombotic disease. Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) is a risk factor for atherosclerosis but its role in IRD with accompanying coronary artery disease (CAD) is still unclear. We aimed to examine if serum Lp(a) levels differed between CAD patients with and without accompanying IRD.DesignA cross-sectional observational, patient-based cohort study.SettingReferred centre for coronary artery bypass grafting in the South Eastern part of Norway.Participants67 CAD patients with IRD (CAD/IRD) and 52 CAD patients without IRD (CAD/non-IRD). All patients were Caucasians, aged >18 years, without any clinically significant infection or malignancy.MethodsLp(a) levels in serum were analysed by particle enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay, and Lp(a) levels were related to clinical and biochemical characteristics of the patient population.ResultsWe found no differences in serum levels of Lp(a) between CAD patients with and without IRD. In general, we found that Lp(a) correlated poorly with clinical and biochemical parameters including C reactive protein with the same pattern in the CAD/non-IRD and CAD/IRD groups.ConclusionsOur data do not support a link between inflammation and Lp(a) levels in CAD and in general Lp(a) levels were not correlated with other risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Atrial fibrillation is a predictor of nonobstructive coronary artery disease in elective angiography in old age: a cross-sectional study in Poland and Russia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Rogalska ◽  
Łukasz Kuźma ◽  
Zyta B. Wojszel ◽  
Anna Kurasz ◽  
Dmitry Napalkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Coronary Vessels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Significant changes in the coronary vessels are not confirmed in a large proportion of patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. Aims The present study aimed to determine correlates and independent predictors of nonobstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in older adults referred for elective coronary angiography. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 2,214 patients referred to two medical centers (in Poland and Russia) between 2014 and 2016 for elective coronary angiography due to exacerbated angina, despite undergoing optimal therapy for CAD. The median age was 72 years (IQR: 68–76), and 49.5% patients were women. Results Significant stenosis (defined as stenosis of 50% or more of the diameter of the left main coronary artery stem or stenosis of 70% or more of the diameter of the remaining major epicardial vessels) was diagnosed only in 1135 (51.3%) patients. Female sex (odds ratio [OR], 3.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.44–3.72; p < 0.001) and atrial fibrillation (OR, 1.87; 95% CI 1.45–2.40; p < 0.001) were the main independent predictors of nonobstructive CAD. Significantly lower ORs were observed for diabetes (OR, 0.75; 95% CI 0.59–0.95; p = 0.02), chronic kidney disease (OR, 0.76; 95% CI 0.61–0.96; p = 0.02), and anemia (OR, 0.69; 95% CI 0.50–0.95; p = 0.02) after controlling for age, chronic heart failure, BMI, and study center. Discussion and conclusions The results confirmed that nonobstructive CAD occurs in a high percentage of older patients referred for elective coronary angiography. This suggests the need to improve patient stratification for invasive diagnosis of CAD, especially for older women and patients with atrial fibrillation. Trial registration number and date of registration: NCT04537507, September 3, 2020.

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