scholarly journals Allergic and Mixed Rhinitis: Diagnosis and Natural Evolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin C. Greiwe ◽  
Jonathan A. Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Clinical History ◽  
Natural Evolution ◽  
Nonallergic Rhinitis ◽  
Validated Questionnaires ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nasal Provocation ◽  
Mixed Rhinitis ◽  
Made In ◽  
Pathophysiologic Mechanisms

Chronic rhinitis (CR) is divided into two main categories: allergic rhinitis (AR) and nonallergic rhinitis (NAR). These conditions are more recognizable to an experienced clinician, as they can be more clearly demarcated diagnostically. However, an additional 30% to 50% of patients with CR might have an overlap of NAR and AR, referred to as mixed rhinitis (MR). Progress in elucidating the pathophysiologic mechanisms behind MR and NAR has been made in the past several years, and there are now several guidelines published to assist the clinician in accurately diagnosing AR, NAR, and MR. Clinical history and subjective symptoms can provide clues for differentiating AR from MR and NAR, but allergy testing is recommended to confirm these conditions. Progress in accurately diagnosing patients with CR will be made as studies incorporate subjective (i.e., validated questionnaires such as the irritant index questionnaire (IIQ), medication responsiveness, and quality-of-life tools) and objective (i.e., nasal cytologic testing, nasal provocation, and biomarkers) methods characterizing rhinitis subtypes.

scholarly journals Late Effects and Survivorship Issues in Patients with Neuroblastoma

Children ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Friedman ◽  
Tara Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Late Effects ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
The Past ◽  
Excess Morbidity ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Impaired Quality ◽  
Made In

Over the past two decades, marked progress has been made in understanding the biology of neuroblastoma; this has led to refined risk stratification and treatment modifications with resultant increasing 5-year survival rates for children with neuroblastoma. Survivors, however, remain at risk for a wide variety of potential treatment-related complications, or “late effects”, which may lead to excess morbidity and premature mortality in this cohort. This review summarizes the existing survivorship literature on long-term health outcomes for survivors of neuroblastoma, focusing specifically on potential injury to the endocrine, sensory, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and renal systems, as well as survivors’ treatment-related risk for subsequent neoplasms and impaired quality of life. Additional work is needed to assess the potential late effects of newer multimodality therapies with the aim of optimizing long-term medical and psychosocial outcomes for all survivors of neuroblastoma.

An Integrative Approach to the Assessment and Treatment of Inflammatory Conditions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Liponis ◽  
Bettina Martin
Keyword(s):  
Integrative Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Targeted Treatments ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
The Many ◽  
Made In

The past two decades have seen great progress in recognizing the importance of inflammation in medicine. Increased focus on inflammation in both prevention and treatment has improved outcomes and quality of life in chronic diseases. Science has improved our understanding of inflammation’s many causes and effects on health, and many advances have been made in the availability of targeted therapeutic options for treating inflammation. This chapter gives an overview of recognizing the many causes of inflammation, its many targeted treatments strategies, and the questions that still surround it. It discusses several integrative approaches to reducing inflammation, including exercise, diet, and different strategies for managing sleep, mood, and stress, such as meditation and massage.

Review of the Electrolarynx: The Past and Present

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
The Past ◽  
Speech Rehabilitation ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Perceptual Characteristics ◽  
Made In ◽  
Voice And Speech

Purpose The purpose of this article is to provide a review of the neck-type electrolarynx, describe acoustic and perceptual characteristics of electrolaryngeal speech, and highlight the potential impact of electrolaryngeal speech on voice-related quality of life postlaryngectomy, concluding by describing efforts to improve electrolaryngeal speech rehabilitation. Although several alaryngeal communication options exist, the electrolarynx is the most readily available means of producing voice and speech postlaryngectomy. This is due to the small and handheld nature of an electrolaryngeal device, which is commonly placed against the neck during use. Research suggests that approximately half of laryngectomees use an electrolarynx up to 2 years postlaryngectomy. Conclusion Given the importance of the electrolarynx postlaryngectomy, decisions should be made in conjunction with the laryngectomee. It is important to ask: Why not an electrolarynx?

Measuring the Quality of Union Budgets: Need to Go beyond the Deficit Measures

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-195
Author(s):  
Karamjeet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Composite Index ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Fiscal Consolidation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
Difference Of Opinion ◽  
The Government ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Made In

In the run-up to Union Budget 2016–2017, a major difference of opinion emerged within the Union Government over adherence to fiscal consolidation vis-à-vis maintaining adequate expenditure allocation for essential services, such as health, education and infrastructure development ( Business Standard, 2016). As the budget document was unveiled, it was clear from the deficit targets met (and sought to be met in the future) that the government did not deviate from its commitments towards fiscal consolidation. These deficit targets, however, provide limited understanding of the overall ‘quality’ of expenditure and receipts of the government. In order to comprehend the overall picture and quantify this qualitative aspect, there is a need to go beyond the conventional measures of deficit. This article discusses the concept, meaning and usage of the various measures of deficits in order to, first, highlight their limitations in understanding the overall quality of budgets and, second, make a case for creation of a ‘composite index’ to reflect the broad quality and composition of budgets. A modest attempt has also been made in this article to evaluate the Union Budgets of the recent years on the basis of one such index developed by Bhide and Panda (2002). Results provide concrete evidence of a discernible improvement in the quality of budgets in the past few years.

scholarly journals Observed Interprofessional Collaboration (OIPC) During Interdisciplinary Team Meetings: Development and Validation of a Tool in a Rehabilitation Setting

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Careau ◽  
Claude Vincent ◽  
Bonnie R. Swaine
Keyword(s):  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Interdisciplinary Team ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Team Meetings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Made In

Background: Despite all the efforts made in the past few years, interprofessional collaboration (IPC) in clinical settings is not always optimal. In addition, there are only a few instruments that healthcare managers and practitioners can use to evaluate the quality of IPC practice. Therefore, we developed an observationbased tool to evaluate IPC interactional factors occurring during interdisciplinary team meetings, and we examined the initial validation of the tool in a rehabilitation setting.Methods and Findings: The items were developed and pre-tested iteratively by construct experts (N = 7) and non-experts (N = 4). Interrater reliability was determined between two observers, following the analysis of 30 video recordings of meetings in two rehabilitation centres involving a total of 152 participants. An observation grid (OIPC) consisting of 20 items that can be answered on a threepoint scale and demonstrating acceptable interrater reliability was developed.Conclusions: The OIPC is a tool aimed at evaluating IPC interactional factors during interdisciplinary meetings based on team performance rather than individual behaviours. It can be useful for healthcare managers and practitioners who want to evaluate the quality of IPC practices.

scholarly journals Made in Italy in the Japanese F&B Market and the Marketing of Freedom

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Fantoni
Keyword(s):  
Food Marketing ◽  
National Brand ◽  
Japanese Market ◽  
Crucial Element ◽  
Commercial Success ◽  
The Past ◽  
Home Cooking ◽  
Good Food ◽  
Made In

Italy in Japan resounds with fashion, lifestyle and most of all food. From HoReCa to home cooking to gifts, Italian F&B products have taken Japanese consumers by storm in the past few decades, imposing Made in Italy as the most loved national brand. But the Japanese market is extremely mature, fast and notoriously one of the most sophisticated globally. Competition is fierce and relying on the quality of the product itself is not enough to secure commercial success in a country where form often prevails over content. That is when (good) food marketing becomes the crucial element in dictating the lifespan of a brand. To what degree are Italian producers aware of this? And what is the best approach to minimize failure?

scholarly journals Problems in Current Text Simplification Research: New Data Can Help

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 283-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xu ◽  
Chris Callison-Burch ◽  
Courtney Napoles
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Text Simplification ◽  
Made In

Simple Wikipedia has dominated simplification research in the past 5 years. In this opinion paper, we argue that focusing on Wikipedia limits simplification research. We back up our arguments with corpus analysis and by highlighting statements that other researchers have made in the simplification literature. We introduce a new simplification dataset that is a significant improvement over Simple Wikipedia, and present a novel quantitative-comparative approach to study the quality of simplification data resources.

scholarly journals An axiomatic approach to a cork granulation facility design

2018 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 01020
Author(s):  
Diogo Martins ◽  
João Fradinho ◽  
Miguel Cavique ◽  
António Gabriel-Santos ◽  
Alberto Martinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Industrial Design ◽  
Axiomatic Approach ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Independence Axiom ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
The Past ◽  
Made In

In the conceptual step of any industrial design, there is a considerable amount of decisions that directly affect the quality of the final product. These decisions are often made with lack of knowledge about the subjects, limitative trains of thought and repetition of traditional solutions. The present paper is focused on the use of Axiomatic Design in the design of a cork granulation industrial plant, with a particular emphasis on the Independence Axiom. An innovative design solution was made, aiming to reduce or overcome the current issues and to reevaluate many of the decisions made in the past. In this study, some parts of the production process were analysed. The verified lack of independency gave rise to new design solutions and consequently to a better production process.

scholarly journals The Quest for a Better World

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (12) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Henry Petroski
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Made In

This article highlights the pervasiveness of the products and processes of engineering in having improved the quality of life in the developed countries of the world. The airplane and its associated infrastructure of airports and ticketing schemes have come a long way since the Wright Brothers’ first flight in 1903, and the ensemble that goes under the rubric ‘airplane’ certainly warrants recognition as achievement. All the engineering achievements that have been identified as among the greatest of the past century leave room for improvement. Air conditioning and refrigeration are among the more domestic achievements of 20th century engineering, but at exactly what stage they became so is hard to say. Refrigerators especially came a long way in the second half of the century. Well-controlled air conditioning, for all the technological progress made in the field since air was fanned over a block of ice, seems to remain one of the great open problems of mechanical engineering. All achievements, engineering and otherwise, are relative to their time and circumstances.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Persistence of Uremic Symptoms in Incident Dialysis Patients

Kidney360 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene P. Rhee ◽  
Eliseo Guallar ◽  
Seungyoung Hwang ◽  
Noori Kim ◽  
Marcello Tonelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Laboratory Parameter ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Validated Questionnaires ◽  
The Past ◽  
Symptom Prevalence ◽  
Multiple Symptoms

BackgroundUremic symptoms are major contributors to the poor quality of life among patients on dialysis, but whether their prevalence or intensity has changed over time is unknown.MethodsWe examined responses to validated questionnaires in two incident dialysis cohort studies, the Choices for Health Outcomes in Caring for ESRD (CHOICE) study (N=926, 1995–1998) and the Longitudinal United States/Canada Incident Dialysis (LUCID) study (N=428, 2011–2017). We determined the prevalence and severity of uremic symptoms—anorexia, nausea/vomiting, pruritus, sleepiness, difficulty concentrating, fatigue, and pain—in both cohorts.ResultsIn CHOICE and LUCID, respectively, mean age of the participants was 58 and 60 years, 53% and 60% were male, and 28% and 32% were black. In both cohorts, 54% of the participants had diabetes. Median time from dialysis initiation to the symptoms questionnaires was 45 days for CHOICE and 77 days for LUCID. Uremic symptom prevalence in CHOICE did not change from baseline to 1-year follow-up and was similar across CHOICE and LUCID. Baseline symptom prevalence in CHOICE and LUCID was as follows: anorexia (44%, 44%, respectively), nausea/vomiting (36%, 43%), pruritus (72%, 63%), sleepiness (86%, 68%), difficulty concentrating (55%, 57%), fatigue (89%, 77%), and pain (82%, 79%). In both cohorts, >80% of patients had three or more symptoms and >50% had five or more symptoms. The correlation between individual symptoms was low (ρ<0.5 for all comparisons). In CHOICE, no clinical or laboratory parameter was strongly associated with multiple symptoms.ConclusionsThe burden of uremic symptoms among patients on dialysis is substantial and has not changed in the past 15 years. Improving quality of life will require identification of the factors that underlie the pathogenesis of uremic symptoms and better ways of removing the toxins that are responsible.

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