scholarly journals Craniofacial Asymmetry from One to Three Years of Age: A Prospective Cohort Study with 3D Imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anniina M. Launonen ◽  
Ville Vuollo ◽  
Henri Aarnivala ◽  
Tuomo Heikkinen ◽  
Pertti Pirttiniemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Asymmetric Effect ◽  
Deformational Plagiocephaly ◽  
Facial Symmetry ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
The Face ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact

Deformational plagiocephaly (DP) is considered a risk factor for facial asymmetry. This cohort-based, prospective, follow-up study used three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry to assess the development of facial asymmetry in a normal birth cohort and to investigate the impact of DP on facial asymmetry for the age range of one to three years. The study sample consisted of 75 children: 35 girls (47%) and 40 (53%) boys recruited from Oulu University Hospital. A total of 23 (31%) subjects had a history of DP in infancy. 3D facial images were obtained at the mean (SD) age of 1.01 (0.04) year old at T1 and 3.02 (0.14) years old at T2. To determine facial asymmetry, both landmark-based and surface-based facial symmetry methods were used. As measured with the surface-based methods, upper facial symmetry improved from T1 to T2 (p < 0.05). As measured with the landmark-based methods, facial symmetry improved on the upper and lower jaw from T1 to T2 (p < 0.05). The asymmetric effect of DP on the upper parts of the face tends to correct spontaneously during growth. Results indicate that previous DP does not seem to transfer to facial or occlusal asymmetry at the age of three years old.

A numerical investigation of the impact of shield machine’s operation parameters on the settlements above twin stacked tunnels - A case study of Ho Chi Minh urban railway Line 1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh Do Ngoc ◽  
Daniel Dias ◽  
Thang Trong Dang
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Support Pressure ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Grouting Pressure ◽  
The Face ◽  
Operation Parameters ◽  
Surface Settlements ◽  
Shield Machine ◽  
The Impact

Three-dimensional finite difference calculations are proposed to investigate the influence of operation parameters of the shield machines during twin stacked tunnel excavation on the surface settlements. The numerical model is validated by experimental data obtained from Hochiminh’s metro line 1 project, used as a reference case in this study. The parametric study focuses on the influence of the face support pressure, the grouting pressure, and the shield’s length. The numerical results indicated that a decrease does not always follow an increase in surface settlements' face and grouting pressure. A shorter shield machine causes smaller surface settlements to develop over single lower and twin stacked tunnels.

scholarly journals Impact of epileptic patient's knowledge level on their quality of life

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Sahar A. Abd-El Mohsen ◽  
Nagwa M. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Management Program ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Patient Interview ◽  
Knowledge Questionnaire ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact

Background and objective: Inadequate epileptic patient’s knowledge regarding their disorder may affect the quality of their life. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of epileptic patient’s knowledge on the quality of their life.Methods: Research design: a descriptive study was conducted in the period from February to April 2017 to determine the impact of epileptic patient's knowledge on the quality of their life. Setting; this study was carried out in the neurology department and neurology outpatient clinic of Assiut Neurology University Hospital. Patients; a sample of sixty epileptic male and female patients, with an age range between 18 to 65 years was included. Two tools were used: Tool I: Structured patient interview questionnaire sheet and it included two parts: Part one: Sociodemographic data about of the studied patients, Part two: knowledge assessment regarding their disorder using Epilepsy Patient Knowledge Questionnaire (EPKQ). Tool II: Quality of Life in Epilepsy (QOLIE 31).Results: The highest percentage of the studied sample was male, married, their mean age was 38.97 ± 11.21, and their duration of epilepsy was 16.82 ± 9.7. 58.3% were having satisfactory level of knowledge regarding their condition.Conclusions and recommendation: The present study concluded that: epileptic patients are lacking knowledge regarding their condition (58.3% vs. 41.7%). There was No significant correlation between total QOL and score of knowledge. Recommendation: A self-management program is needed for patients with epilepsy in order to improve their knowledge regarding their disease. 

scholarly journals Meningioma Segmentation in T1-Weighted MRI Leveraging Global Context and Attention Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bouget ◽  
André Pedersen ◽  
Sayied Abdol Mohieb Hosainey ◽  
Ole Solheim ◽  
Ingerid Reinertsen
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Primary Brain Tumor ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: Meningiomas are the most common type of primary brain tumor, accounting for ~30% of all brain tumors. A substantial number of these tumors are never surgically removed but rather monitored over time. Automatic and precise meningioma segmentation is, therefore, beneficial to enable reliable growth estimation and patient-specific treatment planning.Methods: In this study, we propose the inclusion of attention mechanisms on top of a U-Net architecture used as backbone: (i) Attention-gated U-Net (AGUNet) and (ii) Dual Attention U-Net (DAUNet), using a three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volume as input. Attention has the potential to leverage the global context and identify features' relationships across the entire volume. To limit spatial resolution degradation and loss of detail inherent to encoder–decoder architectures, we studied the impact of multi-scale input and deep supervision components. The proposed architectures are trainable end-to-end and each concept can be seamlessly disabled for ablation studies.Results: The validation studies were performed using a five-fold cross-validation over 600 T1-weighted MRI volumes from St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Norway. Models were evaluated based on segmentation, detection, and speed performances, and results are reported patient-wise after averaging across all folds. For the best-performing architecture, an average Dice score of 81.6% was reached for an F1-score of 95.6%. With an almost perfect precision of 98%, meningiomas smaller than 3 ml were occasionally missed hence reaching an overall recall of 93%.Conclusion: Leveraging global context from a 3D MRI volume provided the best performances, even if the native volume resolution could not be processed directly due to current GPU memory limitations. Overall, near-perfect detection was achieved for meningiomas larger than 3 ml, which is relevant for clinical use. In the future, the use of multi-scale designs and refinement networks should be further investigated. A larger number of cases with meningiomas below 3 ml might also be needed to improve the performance for the smallest tumors.

scholarly journals The correlation study on mandibular deviation and cervical vertebrae posture in patients with mandibular asymmetry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxin Guan ◽  
Pengfei Tian ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
Xiuping Wu
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cervical Vertebra ◽  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Facial Symmetry ◽  
Mandibular Asymmetry ◽  
Cervical Posture

Abstract Background: To explore the degree of skeletal mandibular deviation and the change of mandible position in patients with mandibular deformity and its correlation with cervical posture in patients with jaw deformity using CBCT and to provide the reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Methods: CBCT images from 30 adult patients with skeletal mandibular deviation and 30 adult individuals with facial symmetry were analyzed and imported in Invivo 5 to reconstruct a 3D hard-tissue surface model. A reference frame was set up and 20 measurements of the mandible and cervical vertebrae were performed to calculated. The difference between the three-dimensional position of the mandible and the posture of cervical spine were analyzed in patients with mandibular asymmetry and normal people. Results: Compared with the normal maxillofacial symmetry groups, there were significant differences in the degree of skeletal mandibular asymmetry and cervical deviation in the mandibular deviation groups(P ＜ 0.05). A strong positive, linear correlation was found in patients with mandibular deviation between the deviation of the mandible and cervical vertebrae posture. Conclusion: There is an inherent correlation between the occurrence of mandibular deviation and the deflection of cervical posture, and they interact on each other. The deformity of mandible affects the three-dimensional posture of the cervical vertebra and can cause different degrees of cervical deflection. The degree of mandible deviation and cervical vertebrae posture in patients with mandibular asymmetry are greater than those in individuals with facial symmetry. Compared with the patients with normal jaw, the deformity among the patients with skeletal mandibular asymmetry has a tendency to tilt forward and bend forward. The abnormal posture of the cervical spine will also affect the three-dimensional position of the mandible, causing the lower 1/3 of the face to appear facial asymmetry with the deflection of the head and neck posture.

scholarly journals Advertising Literacy Measurement Scale from Students' Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazanin Rasekh ◽  
Hamid Ghasemi ◽  
Leonardo Jose Mataruna-Dos-Santos Mataruna-Dos-Santos ◽  
Hossein ABdolmaleki ◽  
Behzad Soheili
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
School Students ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Face ◽  
Advertising Literacy ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact

Although advertising literacy leads to critical thinking in the face of advertising, but so far, no action has been taken in Iran regarding a tool to measure this type of literacy. And after the investigations, it was determined that although much research has been done on advertising, but the lack of appropriate measurement tools to measure the level of advertising literacy is clearly evident. Therefore, this research provides a valid tool for measuring advertising literacy from students' perspective. In this study, referring to the dimensions of advertising literacy from the perspective of Malmelin (2010) and the views of related professors, a questionnaire was developed and to determine the validity of the structure, confirmatory factor analysis was used. In this study, the statistical population was high school students, considering the impact of advertising in this age range; finally, a tool with four dimensions of informational literacy, aesthetic literacy, rhetorical literacy and promotional literacy was obtained. According to the confirmation of this tool in the present study, it can be used to examine the status of items, their order and prioritization from the perspective of the mentioned population.

The Impact of Facial Asymmetry on the Surgical Outcome of Crooked Nose: A Case Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayan Dasdar ◽  
Nika Kianfar ◽  
Mohammad Sadeghi ◽  
Babak Saedi
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
P Value ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Crooked Nose ◽  
Visual Presence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Facial asymmetry is considered as a reason for the patients’ dissatisfaction with the outcome of rhinoplasty. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of facial asymmetry on the patients’ post-operative satisfaction with crooked nose and to investigate the relationship between visual perception of asymmetry and anthropometric measurements. Methods In this retrospective study, 61 rhinoplasty patients with crooked noses were assessed. Using frontal view photos, pre- and post-operative nasal deviation angles were calculated. The patients were divided into two groups based on the visual presence of facial asymmetry. Moreover, anthropometric characteristics of the face were evaluated using facial soft tissue landmarks. The patients’ satisfaction with surgery outcomes, including both aesthetic and functional aspects, was assessed using the Persian version of the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS). Results Based on the observations, 19 (30.2%) and 44 (69.8%) patients had I-type and C-type noses, respectively. In both groups, the deviation angle decreased significantly post-operatively (p-value&lt;0.001). Regarding the subjective evaluation of facial asymmetry, 22 (34.9%) and 41 (65.1%) cases had symmetric and asymmetric faces, respectively. The anthropometric measurements were also consistent with visual assessments of asymmetry. The satisfaction scores were significantly higher after surgery in all patients; however, there was no significant difference in the mean aesthetic improvement between symmetric (15.83 ± 2.68) and asymmetric faces (15.23 ± 4.46) (P-value: 0.531). The power of study was 97.8%. Conclusions Rhinoplasty in patients with deviated noses and asymmetric faces may have comparable results with symmetric ones.

scholarly journals A 3D Follow-Up Study of Cranial Asymmetry from Early Infancy to Toddler Age after Preterm versus Term Birth

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1665
Author(s):  
Anniina M. Launonen ◽  
Henri Aarnivala ◽  
Panagiotis Kyteas ◽  
Ville Vuollo ◽  
Tuomo Heikkinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Full Term ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Deformational Plagiocephaly ◽  
Equivalent Age ◽  
Cranial Asymmetry ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preterm Group

Preterm infants are at higher risk for both symmetrical and asymmetrical head molding. This study involved 3D stereophotogrammetry to assess the cranial growth, molding, and incidence of deformational plagiocephaly (DP) in preterm children compared to term born children. Thirty-four preterm infants and 34 term born controls were enrolled in this study from Oulu University Hospital, Finland. Three-dimensional head images were obtained at the age of 2–4 months (T1), 5–7 months (T2), 11–13 months (T3), and 2.5–3 years (T4) from the term equivalent age (TEA). There was no statistically significant difference in oblique cranial length ratio (OCLR), cephalic index (CI), or weighted asymmetry score (wAS) between the two groups. Occipital flattening, defined by flatness score (FS) was statistically significantly greater in the preterm group than in the term group at T1–T4 (p < 0.05). In both groups, OCLR improved gradually over time. There were no instances, in either group, of severe DP and no moderate DP after T2. Results indicate that DP affects preterm and full-term children almost equally during the first three years of life, and cranial asymmetry resolves at a similar rate in both preterm and term groups after three months of corrected age. Preterm infants present with more occipital flattening than full-term children.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional evaluation of facial asymmetry in association with unilateral functional crossbite in the primary, early, and late mixed dentition phases

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmina Primozic ◽  
Giuseppe Perinetti ◽  
Stephen Richmond ◽  
Maja Ovsenik
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
T Test ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Face

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the degree of facial asymmetry associated with subjects with unilateral functional crossbite (CB) in the primary, early/intermediate, and late mixed dentition phases in comparison with a group of subjects without CB. Subjects and Methods: A group of 234 white subjects, 78 with CB (42 girls and 36 boys) and 156 without CB (73 girls and 83 boys), aged 3.9–11.9, grouped according to the dentition phase, were included. Three-dimensional laser scans of the subjects' faces were used to assess facial asymmetry. For each part of the face two-way multivariate analysis of covariance was performed to assess differences among the subjects, and an independent sample t-test was used to assess the significance of the differences between data sets. Results: Within all dentition phases, the subjects with CB had statistically significantly greater facial asymmetry of the whole face than the subjects without CB, with the greatest values in the lower part of the face (P &lt; .05). In the middle part of the face a significant difference was observed in the mixed dentition phases. Conclusions: Children with unilateral functional CB exhibited a greater facial asymmetry than children without this malocclusion in all the dentition phases herein investigated. The greatest differences were seen for the lower part of the face. Further, facial asymmetry in the middle part of the face became clinically relevant in combination with the transition from primary to mixed dentition phase.

scholarly journals Examining the Impact of a Pharmacists Postpartum Counseling Service; Evidence from a University Hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Schatz ◽  
Jennifer Chapman ◽  
Jongwha Chang
Keyword(s):  
Private Insurance ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Counseling Service ◽  
Preparation Time ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: To describe a pharmacist's counseling service pertaining to methods of contraception on the postpartum unit of a university hospital and to evaluate the number of postpartum patients who desire information on contraception with the demographics of age, public or private insurance, and whether the patient was English or Spanish-speaking. Methods: Retrospective cohort data analysis of postpartum women who received the option of counseling by a pharmacist or pharmacy intern at a university hospital over a year and 7 month period. There were 2,048 cases included for this study. The total number of patients who wanted information as well as pharmacist preparation time and counseling time were also noted. Results: Patients who were interested in a hormonal contraception method were 3 times more likely to desire counseling compared with patients who declined information (p<0.05). Also, patients who wanted an implantable form of contraception were 8 times more likely to desire information compared with patients who declined counseling (p<0.05). Patients in the age range of 18-25, 26-30, and 31-45 years were less likely (56%, 64%, & 65%) to want counseling compared with the age range of 12-17 years (all p<0.05). Lastly, patients who spoke Spanish were 3 times more likely to have been counseled compared with non-Spanish speaking patients. The number of postpartum patients counseled on different contraception methods was 1,546 versus 699 patients who declined counseling. Total pharmacist preparation time totaled 160.95 hours, while total patient counseling time totaled 204.55 hours. Conclusion: Overall, postpartum women who chose to be counseled by a pharmacist were considering either a hormonal or implantable method of contraception, were younger than the age of 17 and were Spanish speaking. The average amount of pharmacist preparation time spent was 4.3 minutes per patient and actual counseling time on average was 5.5 minutes per patient.   Type: Original Research

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