scholarly journals Containment, Contact Tracing and Asymptomatic Transmission of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Modelling Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Kinoshita ◽  
Asami Anzai ◽  
Sung-mok Jung ◽  
Natalie M. Linton ◽  
Takeshi Miyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Branching Process ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

When a novel infectious disease emerges, enhanced contact tracing and isolation are implemented to prevent a major epidemic, and indeed, they have been successful for the control of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), which have been greatly reduced without causing a global pandemic. Considering that asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic infections are substantial for the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the feasibility of preventing the major epidemic has been questioned. Using a two-type branching process model, the present study assesses the feasibility of containing COVID-19 by computing the probability of a major epidemic. We show that if there is a substantial number of asymptomatic transmissions, cutting chains of transmission by means of contact tracing and case isolation would be very challenging without additional interventions, and in particular, untraced cases contribute to lowering the feasibility of containment. Even if isolation of symptomatic cases is conducted swiftly after symptom onset, only secondary transmissions after the symptom onset can be prevented.

scholarly journals Advances in treatment of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Qi Wu ◽  
Yong Xu ◽  
Wen-Pan Peng ◽  
Fan-Chao Feng ◽  
Zhi-Chao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Human Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Acute Infectious Disease ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus pneumonia is an acute infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The global pandemic of this novel coronavirus pneumonia has greatly threatened human health and brought enormous economy losses. By the end of May 20, 2020, the pandemic of this disease had caused more than 2.70 million infections and more than 320 thousand deaths. This paper reviewed the recent advances in the treatment of the novel coronavirus pneumonia to provide basic references for disease control.

scholarly journals Does the novel coronavirus 2019 like heart more than the other family members of coronaviruses?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mostafa Ansari Ramandi ◽  
Mohammadreza Baay ◽  
Nasim Naderi
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Coronavirus Infections

The disaster due to the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) around the world has made investigators enthusiastic about working on different aspects of COVID-19. However, although the pandemic of COVID-19 has not yet ended, it seems that COVID-19 compared to the other coronavirus infections (the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome [MERS] and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome [SARS]) is more likely to target the heart. Comparing the previous presentations of the coronavirus family and the recent cardiovascular manifestations of COVID-19 can also help in predicting possible future challenges and taking measures to tackle these issues.

Rapid Development and Deployment of Respiratory Evaluation Clinics in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic to Keep Staff and Patients Safe

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Charles Haddad ◽  
Christopher Scuderi ◽  
Judelle Haddad-Lacle ◽  
Reetu Grewal ◽  
Jeffrey Jacqmein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Vulnerable Patients ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Geographical Locations ◽  
The U.S

The world as we knew it changed at the beginning of 2020 with the explosion of the global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, a.k.a. COVID-19. As of January 10, 2021, the novel coronavirus has infected over 89 million people worldwide and killed over 1.9 million. In the U.S., there have been 22 million people infected and 373,000 deaths. It has never been more important to protect our vulnerable patients and staff from infectious disease, especially during the time they spend in our offices and clinics. It quickly became apparent that there was a need for a dedicated location where patients could be seen that were too ill to be evaluated via telemedicine, but not ill enough to be sent to the Emergency Department (ED). To fill this need, our primary care network developed the Respiratory Evaluation Clinic (REC) concept. These were two geographical locations where the outlying clinics could send potentially infectious patients to evaluate and test COVID-19. Some recommendations, adaptations, lessons learned and the REC clinics' expansions to other locations throughout our network are discussed.

scholarly journals A Branching Process Model for the Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) Spread in Greece

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Ioanna A. Mitrofani ◽  
◽  
Vasilis P. Koutras
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Branching Process ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Branching Processes ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Simple Exponential Smoothing ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Control

The novel coronavirus (covid-19) was initially identified at the end of 2019 and caused a global health care crisis. The increased transmissibility of the virus, that led to high mortality, raises the interest of scientists worldwide. Thus, various methods and models have been extensively discussed, so to study and control covid-19 transmission. Mathematical modeling constitutes an important tool to estimate key parameters of the transmission and predict the dynamic of the virus. More precisely, in the relevant literature, epidemiology is considered as a classical application area of branching processes, which are stochastic individual-based processes. In this paper, we develop a classical Galton-Watson branching process approach for the covid-19 spread in Greece at the early stage. This approach is structured in two parts, initial and latter transmission stages, so to provide a comprehensive view of the virus spread through basic and effective reproduction numbers respectively, along with the probability of an outbreak. Additionally, the effectiveness of control measures is discussed, based on a simple exponential smoothing model, which is used to build a non-mitigation scenario. Finally, our primary aim is to model all transmission stages through branching processes in order to analyze the first semiannual spread of the ongoing coronavirus pandemic in the region of Greece.

scholarly journals Extension and Advisory Services during Lockdown due to COVID-19: Efforts by KVK in Barmer District of Rajasthan

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Pagaria ◽  
L. R. Choudhary ◽  
Haridayal Choudhary ◽  
Ganga Ram ◽  
Turfan Khan
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Advisory Services ◽  
The Common ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Coronavirus outbreak was first reported in Wuhan, China on 31 December, 2019. Coronavirus (CoV) is a large family of viruses that causes illness. It ranges from the common cold to more severe diseases like Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). The novel coronavirus is a new strain of virus that has not been identified in human so far.

scholarly journals Nations’ Responses and Control Measures in Confrontation with the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak: A Rapid Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parinaz Tabari ◽  
Mitra Amini ◽  
Mohsen Moghadami ◽  
Mahsa Moosavi
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Control

The outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed a significant concern in many countries due to the rapid rate of transmission between humans. Taking advantage of the experience of the last epidemics in 2002 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and 2012 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), some regions of the world were well- prepared for the new outbreak. However, other countries needed to be adapted to the situation promptly. Many management strategies were established, and some restrictions were introduced in some regions. In this review, we aimed to determine countries’ public responses to the epidemic of COVID-19 and how they developed administrative approaches towards the outbreak.

scholarly journals The necessity for carnivore experimentation in predicting the next zoonotic disease epidemic

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Freeha Anjum ◽  
Hillary Hale
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Public ◽  
Bodily Fluids ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Human Infections

Zoonoses are human infections or diseases caused by disease spillover from vertebrate animals to people [1]. Spillover is the movement of pathogens from their normal host to a novel species [2]; this can occur through bodily fluids, bites, food, water, or contact with surfaces where infected animals have travelled [3]. Although some zoonoses remain established within populations and primarily affect only one person per spillover (classified as enzootic zoonoses—e.g., rabies), others can be transmitted between people and result in localized, or even global outbreaks [4]. Zoonoses account for over 60% of infectious diseases in humans [4] and can be caused by viruses, parasites, bacteria, or fungi. Of these, viral zoonoses prove to be of greatest detriment to the public on a widespread scale, as they are responsible for numerous epidemics and pandemics, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) [5-7]. Research has also been conducted on different taxonomic orders of species, such as Carnivora — placental animals which obtain nutrients from flesh — and their viral spillover risk [11].

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic Between Severity Facts and Prophylaxis

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2110412
Author(s):  
Hui Liu ◽  
Wenxia Zhu ◽  
Yilin Wu ◽  
Caini Jiang ◽  
Lili Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
The World ◽  
Seasonal Flu ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Nutrition Habits

Before COVID-19, many viruses have infected humans, so what caused COVID-19 to be considered as a pandemic? COVID-19 belongs to the coronavirus family that includes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). This family has caused a large number of deaths all over the world. How risky is the novel coronavirus? People and their careers were disrupted, and many businesses all over the world are now closed. From here, it seems to us that this virus is something that can make people feel afraid. In this article, we will try to understand the severity of this virus, and then disclose the available ways to confront it and ways that might improve the ability to face it, either now or in the future. Upon comparing COVID-19 with seasonal flu, we have found that COVID-19 is about 10 times more deadly, although it is not the most infectious virus. In this review, we will discuss how healthy nutrition and lifestyle may help to prevent and treat diseases, and especially COVID-19. We will focus on how to follow healthy nutrition habits and lifestyles to stop the dangers of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Coronavirus (CoV) proteins in GtoPdb v.2021.3

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P.H. Alexander ◽  
Jonathan K. Ball ◽  
Theocharis Tsoleridis
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Protein Structures ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Technical Guidance

Coronaviruses are large, often spherical, enveloped, single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses, ranging in size from 80-220 nm. Their genomes and protein structures are highly conserved. Three coronaviruses have emerged over the last 20 years as serious human pathogens: SARS-CoV was identified as the causative agent in an outbreak in 2002-2003, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) CoV emerged in 2012 and the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 emerged in 2019-2020. SARS-CoV-2 is the virus responsible for the infectious disease termed COVID-19 (WHO Technical Guidance 2020).

COVID -19 infection: Epidemiology, Virology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Pharmacological Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avneet Kaur ◽  
Vijay Bhalla ◽  
Mohammed Salahuddin ◽  
Syed Obaidur Rahman ◽  
Faheem Hyder Pottoo
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Present Review ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Potential Therapeutics

Abstract:: Coronavirus was first discovered during the year 1930 and since then vrious coronaviruses like HKU1, MERS-CoV , NL63 and SARS-CoV-2 had been found to infect humans. The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is spreading at an alarming rate thereby created health emergency around the world. SARS-CoV2 is reportedly to be originated from wet animal market of Wuhan, China. Since then the world is searching for effective way to manage and treat the COVID-19 infection. The infections has already multiplied with several folds compared to the number of person infected by Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. In order to fill the gap of knowledge about this virus, several evidences are required to control it so more lives could be saved. The present review is based on the publicly available literature in order to explore the knowledge regarding epidemiology, virology, diagnosis, clinical features, pharmacological and therapeutic ways to treat the novel coronavirus. This can be helpful in offering novel insights and potential therapeutics in fighting this disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document