scholarly journals Chronic Microvascular Complications in Prediabetic States—An Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3289
Author(s):  
Angelika Baranowska-Jurkun ◽  
Wojciech Matuszewski ◽  
Elżbieta Bandurska-Stankiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Chronic Complications ◽  
Prediabetic State ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Metabolism

A prediabetic state is a major risk factor for the development of diabetes, and, because of an identical pathophysiological background of both conditions, their prevalence increases parallelly and equally fast. Long-term hyperglycemia is the main cause inducing chronic complications of diabetes, yet the range of glucose levels at which they start has not been yet unequivocally determined. The current data show that chronic microvascular complications of diabetes can be observed in patients with abnormal glucose metabolism in whom glycaemia is higher than optimal but below diagnostic criteria for diabetes. Prediabetes is a heterogenous nosological unit in which particular types are differently characterized and show different correlations with particular kinds of complications. Analysis of the latest research results shows the need to continue studies in a larger population and can imply the need to verify the currently employed criteria of diagnosing diabetes and chronic complications of diabetes in people with prediabetes.

scholarly journals Comprehensive elaboration of glycemic variability in diabetic macrovascular and microvascular complications

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Sun ◽  
Zhiying Luo ◽  
Jiecan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Metrics And Measurement

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is the major risk factor for the development of macrovascular and microvascular complications. It is increasingly recognized that glycemic variability (GV), referring to oscillations in blood glucose levels and representing either short-term or long-term GV, is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications and has emerged as a possible independent risk factor for them. In this review, we summarize the metrics and measurement of GV in clinical practice, as well as comprehensively elaborate the role and related mechanisms of GV in diabetic macrovascular and microvascular complications, aiming to provide the mechanism-based therapeutic strategies for clinicians to manage diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Long Term Complications of Diabetes – A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-355
Author(s):  
Ionuţ Vlad ◽  
Dana Sonia Oieru ◽  
Amorin Remus Popa ◽  
Mihaela Zaharia
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Chronic Complications ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Full Picture

Abstract It is estimated that subclinical DM (diabetes mellitus) has the onset about 10 years before the appearance of actual clinical manifestations, leading to uncontrolled chronic complications. Many trials have pursued the onset and evolution of the DM chronic complications in order to obtain a full picture that allows the development of prevention strategies, treatments and DM costs reduction.

scholarly journals PA and OA Induce Abnormal Glucose Metabolism by Inhibiting KLF15 in Adipocytes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuizhe Wang ◽  
Xiaolong Chu ◽  
Yuchun Deng ◽  
Jingzhou Wang ◽  
Tongtong Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Mapk Signal Pathway

Abstract Background: Obesity-induced elevated serum free fatty acids (FFAs) levels result in the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the molecular mechanism remains largely enigmatic. This study was to explore the effect and mechanism of KLF15 on FFAs-induced abnormal glucose metabolism. Methods: Levels of TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and glucose were measured by different assay kits. qRT-PCR and Western Blot were used to detect the levels of GPR120, GPR40, phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, KLF15, and downstream factors. Results: KLF15 was decreased in visceral adipose tissue of obesity subjects and high-fat diet (HFD) mice. In HFD mice, GPR120 antagonist significantly promoted KLF15 protein expression level and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, meanwhile reduced the blood glucose levels. While, blocking GPR40 inhibited the KLF15 expression. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, 1500 μM PA inhibited KLF15 through a GPR120/P-p38 MAPK signal pathway, and 750 μM OA inhibited KLF15 mainly through GPR120 while not dependent on P-p38 MAPK, ultimately resulting in abnormal glucose metabolism. Unfortunately, GPR40 didn’t contribute to PA or OA-induced KLF15 reduction. Conclusions: Both PA and OA inhibit KLF15 expression through GPR120, leading to abnormal glucose metabolism in adipocytes. Notably, the inhibition of KLF15 expression by PA depends on phosphorylation of p38 MAPK.

Prevalensi Komplikasi Diabetes Melitus Berdasarkan Karakteristik Pasien Diabetes Melitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angger Anugerah hadi Sulistyo ◽  
Ahmad Fakhroni Aziz ◽  
Tiana Nurfadila ◽  
Neni Kusuma Dewi ◽  
Alfita Farida Noviya
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Macrovascular Complications ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chronic Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

ABSTRAKBerbagai komplikasi dapat muncul pada penderita DM. Managemen DM yang kurang baik dalam jangka panjang dapat menimbulkan komplikasi baik akut maupun kronis. Komplikasi serius pada penderita DM meliputi microvascular complications dan macrovascular complications (Walker, Ralston, Penman, 2013). Komplikasi yang paling sering dialami oleh penderita DM adalah neuropati perifer (Li, Chen, Wang, Cai, 2015), retinopati (Ilyas, 2014), dan dermopati diabetic (Soebroto Catherin, 2011).Beberapa karakteristik pasien diduga sebagai factor pencetus munculnya komplikasi DM. Penelitian terkait data komplikasi DM di Indonesia masih jarang dilakukan. Terlebih, masih banyak pasien yang tidak menyadari bahwa dia menderita komplikasi tertentu.Penelitian ini menggunakan desain analitik corelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Analisis multivariate dengan pendekatan regresi linear dilakukan untuk menganalisis hubungan karakteristik responden dengan komplikasi DM.Karakteristik responden yang  digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah durasi DM dan usia responden. Mean usia pasien dalam penelitian ini adalah 58,6 tahun sedangkan durasi DM 7 tahun. Komplikasi DM pada penelitian ini adalah neuropati, retinopati, oklusi (berdasarkan ABI), dan dermopati. Hasil uji pearson correlation didapatkan hasil ρ value sig (2-tailed) 0.000 (0,05) yang artinya H1 diterima berarti ada hubungan antara karakteristik responden dengan komplikasi DM pada Pasien Prolanis di puskesmas dander, Ngumpakdalem dan wisma Indah Bojonegoro.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa, sebagian besar pasien DM yang mengikuti program prolanis memiliki komplikasi DM yang memperparah kondisi pasien. Diharapkan ada intervensi preventif untuk mencegah terjadinya komplikasi pada pasien DM. Kata Kunci : DM, Komplikasi DM, Karakteristik Pasien DM  ABSTRACTVarious complications can occur in people with DM. Poor management of DM in the long term can cause both acute and chronic complications. Serious complications in DM patients include microvascular complications and macrovascular complications (Walker, Ralston, Penman, 2013). The most common complications experienced by people with DM are peripheral neuropathy (Li, Chen, Wang, Cai, 2015), retinopathy (Ilyas, 2014), and diabetic dermopathy (Soebroto Catherin, 2011). Some characteristics of patients are thought to trigger complications of DM. Research related to DM complication data in Indonesia is still rare. Moreover, there are still many patients who do not realize that they suffer from certain complications.The characteristics of the respondents used in this study were the duration of DM and the age of the respondent. The mean age of patients in this study was 58.6 years while the duration of DM was 7 years. DM complications in this study were neuropathy, retinopathy, occlusion (based on ABI), and dermopathy. The Pearson correlation test results obtained ρ value sig (2-tailed) 0.000 (0.05) which means H1 is accepted means there is a relationship between the characteristics of respondents with DM complications in Prolanic Patients in Dander Public Health Center, Ngumpakdalem and Indah Bojonegoro guesthouse.Based on the results of this study it was concluded that, most DM patients who take PROLANIS programs have DM complications that aggravate the patient's condition. It is expected that there will be preventive intervention to prevent complications in DM patients. Keywords: DM, DM complications, DM patiens’ characteristics

Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Dagogo-Jack
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Chronic Complications ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Key Words Hyperglycemia ◽  
Large Vessel Disease

The long-term complications of diabetes mellitus include those attributable to hyperglycemia-mediated small vessel (microvascular)and neuropathic complications and syndromes resulting from multifactorial large vessel disease (macrovascular complications). Diabetic patients with evidence of chronic complications are best managed in consultation with appropriate specialists. The microvascular and neuropathic complications, which are specifically related to hyperglycemia, include retinopathy, nephropathy, and diabetic neuropathy. This review contains 8 figures, 9 tables, and 83 references. Key Words: Hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, macrovascular, microvascular, neuropathic

scholarly journals Prevalence and relevance of abnormal glucose metabolism in acute coronary syndromes: insights from the PLATelet inhibition and patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Åkerblom ◽  
◽  
Daniel Wojdyla ◽  
Philippe Gabriel Steg ◽  
Lars Wallentin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Platelet Inhibition ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Event Rates

Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) and abnormal glucose metabolism are associated with cardiovascular (CV) disease. We investigated the prevalence and prognostic importance of dysglycaemia in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in the PLATelet inhibition and patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial. Diabetes was defined as known diabetes or HbA1c ≥ 6.5% or non-fasting glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L on admission, prediabetes as HbA1c ≥ 5.7% but < 6.5%, and no diabetes as HbA1c < 5.7%. The primary endpoint was the composite of CV death, spontaneous myocardial infarction type 1 (sMI) or stroke at 12 months. Multivariable Cox regression models, adjusting for baseline characteristics, and biomarkers NT-proBNP and troponin I, were used to explore the association between glycaemia and outcome. On admission, 16,007 (86.1%) patients had HbA1c and/or glucose levels available and were subdivided into DM 38.5% (6160) (1501 patients had no previous DM diagnosis), prediabetes 38.8% (6210), and no DM 22.7% (3637). Kaplan Meier event rates at 12 months for CV death, sMI or stroke per subgroups were 14.5% (832), 9.0% (522), and 8.5% (293), respectively with multivariable adjusted HRs, versus no diabetes, for diabetes: 1.71 (1.50–1.95) and for prediabetes 1.03 (0.90–1.19). Corresponding event rates for CV death were 6.9% (391), 3.4% (195) and 3.0% (102), respectively, with adjusted HRs for patients with DM of: 1.92 (1.42–2.60) and for prediabetes 1.02 (0.79–1.32). Abnormal glucose metabolism is common in ACS patients, but only patients with definite DM have an increased CV risk, indicating that prediabetes is not immediately associated with worse CV outcomes.

scholarly journals Exploring abnormal glucose metabolism in pregnancy among Australian Chinese migrants

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000903
Author(s):  
Ling-Jun Li ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Alexis Shub ◽  
Izzuddin Aris ◽  
Kok Hian Tan
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
International Association ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Migration Status ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Chinese Migrants ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Metabolism

ObjectiveGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder of pregnancy that is increasingly prevalent among Chinese women. Few studies have examined whether the migration status of Chinese women contributes to the risks of developing GDM during pregnancy.Research design and methodsIn this observational, cross-sectional and hospital-based study, we examined the prevalence of GDM and glycemic levels at oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) among 491 Australian Chinese migrants (n=491) and native Chinese (n=1000). We defined GDM using the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups guidelines. We collected data on maternal age, body mass index (BMI) and gestational age (GA) at booking and GA at delivery from medical records. We used multiple logistic and linear regression models to calculate the OR of having GDM and mean differences in glycemic levels in Australian Chinese migrants, relative to native Chinese.ResultsAge-at-booking and BMI-at-booking adjusted GDM prevalence was significantly higher in Australian Chinese migrants than native Chinese (19.7% vs 14.6%; p=0.01). After adjusting for age, BMI at booking and GA at booking, fasting glucose levels were significantly lower (β −0.08 mmol/L; 95% CI −0.14 to 0.02), while 2-hour glucose levels were significantly higher (0.22 mmol/L; 0.02 to 0.43) in Australian Chinese immigrants than native Chinese.ConclusionsMigration status may be a marker for abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy among Australian Chinese migrants, possibly due to socio-economic disadvantages and lifestyle changes associated with migration.

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