scholarly journals Relationships between Motor Competence, Physical Activity, and Obesity in British Preschool Aged Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte J. S. Hall ◽  
Emma L. J. Eyre ◽  
Samuel W. Oxford ◽  
Michael J. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Object Control ◽  
Gross Motor Development ◽  
Chi Squared

Background: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine associations between motor competence, physical activity, and obesity in British children aged three to five years. Method: Motor competence (MC) was assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2. Physical activity (PA) was assessed using triaxial wrist-worn accelerometers. Children were assessed on compliance to current PA recommendations of ≥180 min of total PA (TPA) and ≥60 min of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) for health benefits. Associations were explored with Pearson’s product moments and weight-status, and sex-differences were explored with independent t-tests and chi-squared analysis. Results: A total of 166 children (55% males; 4.28 ± 0.74 years) completed MC and PA assessments. Associations were found between PA and MC (TPA and overall MC, TPA and object-control MC (OC), MVPA and overall MC, and MVPA and OC). This study suggests that good motor competence is an important correlate of children meeting physical activity guidelines for health.

scholarly journals Motor Competence and Attainment of Global Physical Activity Guidelines among a Statewide Sample of Preschoolers

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8546
Author(s):  
Anthony Slaton ◽  
Alysse J. Kowalski ◽  
Amy Zemanick ◽  
Ann Pulling Kuhn ◽  
Erin R. Hager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Object Control

Global physical activity guidelines for preschoolers include 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) daily. This study, based on the developmental model of motor skill competence, examines how motor competence relates to preschoolers’ likelihood of meeting global guidelines using ankle accelerometry. We measured physical activity using 24-h ankle-placement accelerometry (Actical) for at least two consecutive days (87% with six-seven days), motor competence using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2), and BMI-for-age z-scores (BMIz) using anthropometry and age- and sex-specific CDC norms. Caregivers provided demographic characteristics of children’s age, sex, and race. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine how motor competence, BMIz weight status, and demographic characteristics related to meeting global physical activity guidelines. The sample included 588 preschoolers, age 3–5 years; 55% male; 60% white; and 28% overweight/obese; 75% attained the recommended 60 min of MVPA per day. The odds of meeting MVPA guidelines were associated with higher gross motor quotient, higher object control scores, sex (male), age (older), and race (white), but not with BMIz weight status. Findings support the use of 24-h ankle accelerometry among preschoolers and are consistent with the developmental model of motor competence applied to preschoolers, whereby object control competence relates positively to attaining global physical activity guidelines.

Fundamental Motor Skill Proficiency of 6- to 9-Year-Old Singaporean Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 584-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swarup Mukherjee ◽  
Lye Ching Ting Jamie ◽  
Leong Hin Fong
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Object Control ◽  
Gross Motor Development ◽  
Fundamental Movement Skills ◽  
Early School ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Motivation To Participate

Fundamental movement proficiency (FMS) is most successfully acquired during early school years. This cross-sectional study assessed FMS proficiency in Singaporean children at the start of and following 2.5 years of primary school physical education (PE). Participants were 244 children from Primary 1 and 3 levels. Fundamental movement skills (FMS) were assessed with the Test of Gross Motor Development–Second Edition (TGMD-2) that includes locomotor (LOCO) and object control (OC) subtests. Most children were rated “average” and “below average” for LOCO skills but “poor” and “below average” for OC skills without significant gender differences on either subtest or overall FMS proficiency and without FMS mastery. These young Singaporean children failed to exhibit age-appropriate FMS proficiency despite early PE exposure, and they demonstrated lags in FMS compared with the TGMD-2 U.S. normative sample. We discuss implications for sports competence perception, difficulty in coping with later movement learning expectations and reduced later motivation to participate in PE and play. We also discuss implications for preschool and lower primary school PE curricula with a particular focus on both OC skills and LOCO skills requiring muscular fitness like hopping and jumping.

scholarly journals Does Perception of Motor Competence Mediate Associations between Motor Competence and Physical Activity in Early Years Children?

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Hall ◽  
Emma Eyre ◽  
Samuel Oxford ◽  
Michael Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gross Motor Development ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Daily Total

Objectives: To examine if the relationship between physical activity (PA) and actual motor competence (MC) in British early years children is mediated by their perceived MC. Design: Cross-sectional convenience observational study. Methodology: MC was assessed with six locomotor skills (LC) and six object-control skills (OC) via the Test of Gross Motor Development-2. PA was measured via a wrist-worn triaxial accelerometer and PA grouped as daily total PA (TPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Perceived MC was assessed using the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Acceptance for Young Children. A total of 38 children (63% male; 37% female) aged between 3 and 6 years (5.41 ± 0.69) completed all assessments. Mediating impacts of perceived MC on the relationships between PA and MC were explored via backwards mediation regressions. Results: There were no mediating impacts of perceived MC on the relationship between PA and actual MC. Conclusions: The relationship between actual MC and PA is not mediated by perceived MC in a small sample of British early years childhood.

Motor Competence–Related Age and Living Environment in Girls: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Marziyeh Amraei ◽  
Elaheh Azadian
Keyword(s):  
Motor Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Living ◽  
Gross Motor Development ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aims to investigate the effect of age and urban and rural living environments on children’s actual and perceived motor competence. To that end, 320 female students aged 8–12 years were selected through random cluster sampling. The perceived motor competence of the participants was assessed using Marsh’s Physical Self-Description Questionnaire, and their actual motor competence was measured by the Test of Gross Motor Development-3. The results showed significant differences between urban and rural girls in perceived and actual motor competence (p < .05). However, age did not make any significant difference in motor competence (p > .05). The most significant differences in actual and perceived motor competence between urban and rural girls were observed in girls aged 8 and 10 (p < .05). The findings also indicated that rural children performed better in actual motor skills, especially ball skills. Therefore, based on the findings, it was concluded that the rural environment could have a greater impact on actual motor competence.

scholarly journals Effect of school type and family income on motor competence changes in pre-school children: a repeated cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel da Rocha Queiroz ◽  
Túlio Guilherme Martins Guimarães ◽  
Carolina Maria Coelho Campos ◽  
Anderson Henry Pereira Feitoza ◽  
Rafael dos Santos Henrique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Type ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Development

A competência motora (CM) é um atributo associado a comportamentos positivos de saúde; fatores contextuais, parecem desempenhar um papel importante para CM de crianças. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a CM de pré-escolares em dois diferentes anos e identificar o efeito de fatores contextuais (tipo de escola e renda). Duas amostras representativas de crianças (3 a 5 anos) da cidade do Recife foram avaliadas em dois momentos: no ano de 2010 (282 crianças; 151 meninos) e 2012 (270 crianças; 148 meninos). A avaliação da CM foi realizada com o Test of Gross Motor Development – 2. A análise dos dados utilizou a Anova Two-Way e a Ancova ajustada por tipo de escola (pública e particular) e renda familiar, foi adotado um p<0.05. Foi identificada uma superioridade nas habilidades locomotoras, de controle de objetos e no quociente motor geral para as crianças analisadas em 2010 e o tipo de escola e renda aumentaram o tamanho do efeito das diferenças nas habilidades de controle de objetos e no quociente motor geral. Podemos concluir que houve uma diminuição na CM da população pré-escolar após dois anos e que as variáveis contextuais tipo de escola e renda são importantes para o desenvolvimento da CM.

scholarly journals Relationships between Fundamental Movement Skills and Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Preschool Children

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan P. Cliff ◽  
Anthony D. Okely ◽  
Leif M. Smith ◽  
Kim McKeen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Object Control ◽  
Gross Motor Development ◽  
Fundamental Movement Skills ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Relationship

Gender differences in cross-sectional relationships between fundamental movement skill (FMS) subdomains (locomotor skills, object-control skills) and physical activity were examined in preschool children. Forty-six 3- to 5-year-olds (25 boys) had their FMS video assessed (Test of Gross Motor Development II) and their physical activity objectively monitored (Actigraph 7164 accelerometers). Among boys, object-control skills were associated with physical activity and explained 16.9% (p = .024) and 13.7% (p = .049) of the variance in percent of time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and total physical activity, respectively, after controlling for age, SES and z-BMI. Locomotor skills were inversely associated with physical activity among girls, and explained 19.2% (p = .023) of the variance in percent of time in MVPA after controlling for confounders. Gender and FMS subdomain may influence the relationship between FMS and physical activity in preschool children.

scholarly journals Associations Between Children’s Physical Activity, Pain and Injuries

2021 ◽  
pp. 003151252110284
Author(s):  
João Paulo de Aguiar Greca ◽  
Thomas Korff ◽  
Jennifer Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Generalized Estimating Equations ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Excessive Weight ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Children’S Physical Activity

Our aim in this study was to investigate the relationships between physical activity (PA), pain, and injury among children. Secondarily, we examined whether these relationships differed between children with normal versus excessive weight or obesity. This was a cross-sectional study of 102 children (57 girls) aged 8–12 years old. We assessed the prevalence of moderate and vigorous PA using accelerometry over a seven-day period. We examined the associations between moderate PA, vigorous PA, pain presence, and injury presence using generalized estimating equations with a logit link and binomial distribution. We adjusted the obtained models for potential confounders and explored the moderating effect of weight status. We found no association between moderate PA and pain, but time spent in vigorous PA was associated with pain. Neither moderate or vigorous PA were associated with injury, and there was no moderating effect of weight status in these relationships. In summary, we found that objectively measured vigorous PA is associated with pain among 8–12 year old children. While these results should be replicated in longitudinal studies, they suggest that an association between vigorous PA and pain should be considered when developing PA interventions for children.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Obesity and Physical Activity of Children in the Spotlight of Their Parents’ Excessive Body Weight

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8737
Author(s):  
Erik Sigmund ◽  
Dagmar Sigmundová
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regular School ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Background: The study reveals the relationships between daily physical activity (PA) and the prevalence of obesity in family members separated according to the participation of their offspring in organized leisure-time physical activity (OLTPA), and answers the question of whether the participation of children in OLTPA is associated with a lower prevalence of obesity in offspring with respect to parental PA and body weight level. Methods: The cross-sectional study included 1493 parent-child dyads (915/578 mother/father-child aged 4–16 years) from Czechia selected by two-stage stratified random sampling with complete data on body weight status and weekly PA gathered over a regular school week between 2013 and 2019. Results: The children who participated in OLTPA ≥ three times a week had a significantly lower (p < 0.005) prevalence of obesity than the children without participation in OLTPA (5.0% vs. 11.1%). Even in the case of overweight/obese mothers/fathers, the children with OLTPA ≥ three times a week had a significantly lower (p < 0.002) prevalence of obesity than the children without OLTPA (6.7%/4.2% vs. 14.9%/10.7%). Conclusions: The cumulative effect of regular participation in OLTPA and a child’s own PA is a stronger alleviator of children’s obesity than their parents’ risk of overweight/obesity.

scholarly journals Self-reported physical activity in European adolescents: results from the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrien De Cocker ◽  
Charlene Ottevaere ◽  
Michael Sjöström ◽  
Luis A Moreno ◽  
Julia Wärnberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Home Based

AbstractObjectiveTo describe self-reported physical activity (PA) patterns in the various domains (school, home, transport, leisure time) and intensity categories (walking, moderate PA, vigorous PA) in European adolescents. Furthermore, self-reported PA patterns were evaluated in relation to gender, age category, weight status category and socio-economic status (SES).DesignCross-sectional study.SettingTen European cities.SubjectsIn total, 3051 adolescents (47·6 % boys, mean age 14·8 (sd1·2) years) completed an adolescent-adapted version of the validated International Physical Activity Questionnaire.ResultsThe total sample reported most PA during leisure time (485 min/week) and least PA at home (140 min/week). Boys reported significantly more school-based PA (P< 0·001), leisure-time PA (P= 0·003), vigorous PA (P< 0·001) and total PA (P= 0·002) than girls, while girls reported more home-based PA (P< 0·001) and walking (P= 0·002) than boys. Self-reported PA at school (P< 0·001), moderate PA (P< 0·001), vigorous PA (P< 0·001) and total PA (P< 0·001) were significantly higher in younger age groups than in older groups. Groups based on weight status differed significantly only in leisure-time PA (P= 0·004) and total PA (P= 0·003), while groups based on SES differed in all PA domains and intensities except transport-related PA and total PA.ConclusionsThe total sample of adolescents reported different scores for the different PA domains and intensity categories. Furthermore, patterns were different according the adolescents’ gender, age, weight status and SES.

scholarly journals Associations between Park and Playground Availability and Proximity and Children’s Physical Activity and Body Mass Index: The BEACH Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Javier Molina-García ◽  
Cristina Menescardi ◽  
Isaac Estevan ◽  
Ana Queralt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Active Commuting ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parent Questionnaire

A cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the relationship between the availability and proximity to parks and playgrounds and physical activity (PA). Moreover, the accessibility to parks and playgrounds and its association with active commuting to/from school (ACS) and body mass index (BMI) were analyzed. The sample was composed of children aged 6–12 years old from the BEACH (Built Environment and Active CHildren) study in Valencia, Spain. The availability and proximity to parks and playgrounds were calculated at different buffer sizes (250, 500, 1000 and 1250 m) using geographical information system data. PA out of school was assessed using accelerometers. Sociodemographics and ACS were measured with a parent questionnaire. Objectively measured weight and height were used to calculate BMI. Mixed linear regression analyses were conducted for each exposure variable, adjusting for sociodemographics, neighborhood walkability level, and participant clustering. The number of parks and playgrounds were positively associated with moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) and total PA (TPA); including light PA and MVPA, during weekdays, in different buffer sizes. A negative relationship between distance to the nearest playground and TPA during weekdays was found. In addition, the number of playgrounds was positively related to ACS in different buffer sizes, whereas park land area was negatively related to the BMI percentile. This study highlights the importance of assessing the availability and proximity to parks and playgrounds in children’s neighborhoods when PA behavior and weight status are analyzed. Study findings may help policymakers when targeting interventions to promote health-enhancing behaviors in children.

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