Morphology and Phylogeny of Scrippsiella precaria Montresor & Zingone (Thoracosphaerales, Dinophyceae) from Korean Coastal Waters

The dinoflagellate genus Scrippsiella is a common member of phytoplankton and their cysts are also frequently reported in coastal sediments worldwide. However, the diversity of Scrippsiella in Korean waters has not been fully investigated. Here, several isolates of Scrippsiella precaria collected from Korean waters and germinated from resting cysts were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. The resting cysts were characterized by pointed calcareous spines and one or two red accumulation bodies, and the archeopyle was mesoepicystal, representing the loss of 2–4′ and 1–3a paraplates. Rounded resting cysts were found in culture, and an increase in spine length was observed until 8 days of development. Korean isolates of S. precaria had the plate formula of Po, X, 4′, 3a, 7″, 6C, 4S, 5‴, 2⁗. There were differences in the cell size and location of the red body between Korean isolates and previously described cells of S. precaria. In addition, the Korean isolates of S. precaria had two types of the 5″ plate that either contacted the 2a plate or not. Molecular phylogeny based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) rDNA sequences revealed that the Korean isolates were nested within the subclade of PRE (S. precaria and related species) in the clade of Scrippsiella sensu lato, and that the PRE subclade had two ribotypes: ribotype 1 consisting of the isolates from Korea, China, and Australia, and ribotype 2 consisting of the isolates from Italy and Greece. Lineages between isolates of ribotype 1 were likely to be related to the dispersal by ocean currents and ballast waters from international shipping, and the two types of spine shapes and locations of the 5″ plates may be a distinct feature for ribotype 1.

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Metataxonomic comparison between internal transcribed spacer and 26S ribosomal large subunit (LSU) rDNA gene

International Journal of Food Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.10.010 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 290 ◽

pp. 132-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jatziri Mota-Gutierrez ◽

Ilario Ferrocino ◽

Kalliopi Rantsiou ◽

Luca Cocolin

Keyword(s):

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Lsu Rdna ◽

Rdna Gene

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Colletotrichum isolates related to Anthracnose of cashew trees in Brazil: morphological and molecular description using LSU rDNA sequences

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132010000400001 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 741-752 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ana Maria Queijeiro Lopez ◽

John Alexander Lucas

Keyword(s):

Mycelial Growth ◽

Host Plants ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Lsu Rdna ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

D2 Domain ◽

The One ◽

High Degree ◽

Molecular Description ◽

28S Ribosomal Dna

Thirty six isolates of fungi obtained from anthracnose lesions of cashew and associated host plants in Brazil, were compared by their cultural, morphological and partial sequences of the 28S ribosomal DNA characters. They showed a high degree of cultural variability. The average mycelial growth rate on all tested media ranged from 10.2-13.3 mm/day between the isolates. Most of them produced perithecia (sterile and fertile) and some produced setae (sterile and fertile). All the isolates produced acervuli with predominantly cylindrical conidia (12.4-17.7 µmX 4.8-6.0 µm in width) with round ends, which became septate on germination, and produced unlobed or slightlylobed appressoria. Comparison of the D2 domain of the large subunit (LSU) rDNA sequences with those of other defined species of Colletotrichum and Glomerella grouped 35 of the isolates with known strains of C. gloeosporioides from different hosts (> 98.9% homology). The one exception (LARS 921) was identical to G. cingulata (LARS 238) from Vigna unguiculata.

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Mapping the Distribution of Cysts from the Toxic Dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides in Bloom-Prone Estuaries by a Novel FluorescenceIn SituHybridization Assay

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.03457-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 82 (4) ◽

pp. 1114-1125 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Theresa K. Hattenrath-Lehmann ◽

Yu Zhen ◽

Ryan B. Wallace ◽

Ying-Zhong Tang ◽

Christopher J. Gobler

Keyword(s):

Harmful Algal Blooms ◽

Algal Blooms ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Cross Reactivity ◽

Epifluorescence Microscopy ◽

Lsu Rdna ◽

Cochlodinium Polykrikoides ◽

Content Type ◽

Ecosystem Studies ◽

Resting Cysts

ABSTRACTCochlodinium polykrikoidesis a cosmopolitan dinoflagellate that is notorious for causing fish-killing harmful algal blooms (HABs) across North America and Asia. While recent laboratory and ecosystem studies have definitively demonstrated thatCochlodiniumforms resting cysts that may play a key role in the dynamics of its HABs, uncertainties regarding cyst morphology and detection have prohibited even a rudimentary understanding of the distribution ofC. polykrikoidescysts in coastal ecosystems. Here, we report on the development of a fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH) assay using oligonucleotide probes specific for the large subunit (LSU) ribosomal DNA (rDNA) ofC. polykrikoides. The LSU rDNA-targeted FISH assay was used with epifluorescence microscopy and was iteratively refined to maximize the fluorescent reaction withC. polykrikoidesand minimize cross-reactivity. The final LSU rDNA-targeted FISH assay was found to quantitatively recover cysts made by North American isolates ofC. polykrikoidesbut not cysts formed by other common cyst-forming dinoflagellates. The method was then applied to identify and mapC. polykrikoidescysts across bloom-prone estuaries. Annual cyst and vegetative cell surveys revealed that elevated densities ofC. polykrikoidescysts (>100 cm−3) during the spring of a given year were spatially consistent with regions of dense blooms the prior summer. The identity of cysts in sediments was confirmed via independent amplification ofC. polykrikoidesrDNA. This study mappedC. polykrikoidescysts in a natural marine setting and indicates that the excystment of cysts formed by this harmful alga may play a key role in the development of HABs of this species.

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Discovery of a free-living nematode phylogenetically related to vertebrate parasites of the genus Strongyloides (Nematoda : Strongyloidoidea): morphological, anatomical and molecular characterisation

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/is15048 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 387

Author(s):

Ren-E Huang ◽

Runsheng Li ◽

Zhongying Zhao

Keyword(s):

Culture Media ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Molecular Genetic ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Land Snails ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Lsu Rdna ◽

Free Living ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Free Living Nematode

Nematodes are important, largely because they frequently act as parasites and threaten the health of plants, animals and even humans. Here, we describe an interesting free-living nematode from land snails on Luofu Mountain, Guangdong, China. Alloionema luofuensis, sp. nov. is phylogenetically related to slug-parasite A. appendiculatum and the well-known vertebrate parasites Strongyloides spp. based on small subunit (SSU) and the D2-D3 domain of large subunit (LSU) rDNA sequences. The new species possesses an extremely transparent body and is easily maintained using C. elegans culture media, suggesting a possible application prospect of this free-living nematode as a comparative model system for its related parasites. Morphology and anatomy of the gonochoristic A. luofuensis, sp. nov. adult were described and illustrated. The species is characterised by a filiform tail bisexually, ‘rhabditiform’ oesophagus and ‘rhabditid-like’ female anatomy, but its male caudal region is completely different from that of typical rhabditid nematodes, being absent from an enveloping bursa. It is the first marker taxon characterised morphologically as well as molecularly from the family Alloionematidae, a group of nematodes with hyperdiverse molecular genetic variations underlying highly conserved anatomy. Further molecular and genetic studies on A. luofuensis, sp. nov. populations hold promise to provide insight into evolution of the clade consisting of vertebrate parasites of the heterogonic nematode genus Strongyloides. This is because of its unusual high levels of heterozygosity maintained by the conserved rRNA genes of partial SSU and the D2-D3 domain of LSU for the type isolate of this species.

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Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Facultative Anaerobic Filamentous Fungus from Japanese Rice Field Soil

International Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2009/571383 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Akio Tonouchi

Keyword(s):

Filamentous Fungus ◽

Rice Field ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Lsu Rdna ◽

Field Soil ◽

Rice Field Soil ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Isolation And Characterization

A novel filamentous fungus strain designated RB-1 was isolated into pure culture from Japanese rice field soil through an anaerobic role tube technique. The strain is a mitosporic fungus that grows in both aerobic and strict anaerobic conditions using various mono-, di-, tri-, and polysaccharides with acetate and ethanol productions. The amount of acetate produced was higher than that of ethanol in both aerobic and anaerobic cultures. The characteristic verrucose or punctuate conidia of RB-1 closely resembled those of some strains of the genusThermomyces, a thermophilic or mesophilic anamorphic ascomycete. However, based on phylogenetic analysis with the small subunit (SSU) and large subunit (LSU) rDNA sequences, RB-1 was characterized as a member of the class Lecanoromycetes of the phylum Ascomycota. Currently, RB-1 is designated as an anamorphic ascomycete and is phylogenetically considered anincertae sediswithin the class Lecanoromycetes.

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First taxonomic description of multivalvulidan myxosporean parasites from elasmobranchs: Kudoa hemiscylli n.sp. and Kudoa carcharhini n.sp. (Myxosporea: Multivalvulidae)

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182010000855 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 137 (13) ◽

pp. 1885-1898 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

R. J. GLEESON ◽

M. B. BENNETT ◽

R. D. ADLARD

Keyword(s):

Host Species ◽

New Records ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Lsu Rdna ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Taxonomic Description ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Potential Impact

SUMMARYMyxosporean parasites are significant parasites of fishes not only for their apparent high diversity but also for their potential impact on fish health and/or marketability. Regardless, our knowledge of most myxosporeans, especially those found in elasmobranch hosts, is superficial. A study of multivalvulidan diversity in a range of elasmobranchs from Queensland, Western Australia and the Northern Territory (Australia) was conducted to address this knowledge gap. Specimens were collected from a total of 3 orders, 9 families and 31 species of elasmobranchs. Myxosporean infections referable to the genus Kudoa were discovered in host muscle and characterized morphologically and genetically. Both small subunit (SSU) and large subunit (LSU) rDNA sequences were used in molecular phylogenetic analyses. Kudoa spp. infected 27 of the 31 species of elasmobranchs examined, representing new records of this parasite genus in 26, of the 27, host species. Kudoids were observed in all 3 orders, and 7 out of the 9 families of elasmobranchs investigated. This paper reports the first 2 multivalvulidan species to be formally described from elasmobranchs, Kudoa hemiscylli n.sp. characterized from Hemiscyllium ocellatum (and 8 other host species) and Kudoa carcharhini n. sp. characterized from Carcharhinus cautus (and 2 other host species). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that kudoids from elasmobranchs form a separate lineage to those of teleosts, but are anchored within the overall kudoid clade.

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Molecular systematics of Keratinophyton: the inclusion of species formerly referred to Chrysosporium and description of four new species

IMA Fungus ◽

10.1186/s43008-021-00070-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Roman Labuda ◽

Andreas Bernreiter ◽

Doris Hochenauer ◽

Alena Kubátová ◽

Hazal Kandemir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Its Region ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Lsu Rdna ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽

Its Phylogeny ◽

Combined Data ◽

Terminal Cluster

AbstractFour new Keratinophyton species (Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Onygenales), K. gollerae, K. lemmensii, K. straussii, and K. wagneri, isolated from soil samples originating from Europe (Austria, Italy, and Slovakia) are described and illustrated. The new taxa are well supported by phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) region, the combined data analysis of ITS and the nuclear large subunit (LSU) rDNA, and their phenotype. Based on ITS phylogeny, within the Keratinophyton clade, K. lemmensii is clustered with K. durum, K. hubeiense, K. submersum, and K. siglerae, while K. gollerae, K. straussii and K. wagneri are resolved in a separate terminal cluster. All four new species can be well distinguished from other species in the genus based on phenotype characteristics alone. Ten new combinations are proposed for Chrysosporium species which are resolved in the monophyletic Keratinophyton clade. A new key to the recognized species is provided herein.

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Genetic diversity and biogeography in Chaetomorpha melagonium (Ulvophyceae, Cladophorales) based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS rDNA) sequences

10.26686/wgtn.12847607 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

C Boedeker ◽

F Leliaert ◽

Giuseppe Zuccarello

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Dna Sequences ◽

Base Pair ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Point Mutations ◽

Its Sequences ◽

The Arctic ◽

Lsu Rdna ◽

The North

© 2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. Chaetomorpha melagonium is a morphologically distinct species of green algae that occurs throughout the North Atlantic, the North Pacific and the Arctic Ocean. In this study, we analyzed the intraspecific genetic diversity among 14 samples of C. melagonium from across the distribution range based on nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU rDNA) and rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) DNA sequences. All samples had identical LSU sequences. The ITS sequences had very few mutations that nevertheless divided the specimens into two groups: one included samples from Iceland, Svalbard, Massachusetts and Alaska with identical ITS sequences; members of this group differed in samples from Europe (France, Germany, Scotland, Sweden, and Wales) by three mutations (two point mutations and one five base pair indel). The European specimens had identical ITS sequences with the exception of a single sample from Brittany that differed by one base pair. The maximum ITS sequence divergence within the samples of C. melagonium was less than 0.5%. This low intraspecific variation in the frequently used highly variable ITS region is discussed in the context of past geological and climatic scenarios.

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Tuber Fulgens Quél. A New Record for Turkish Truffles

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v8i11.2472-2475.3884 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 2472-2475

Author(s):

Ilgaz Akata ◽

Mustafa Sevindik ◽

Ergin Şahin

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Trees ◽

Sequence Similarity ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Lsu Rdna ◽

High Sequence Similarity ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

History Of ◽

First Time

Tuber samples were collected from Kırklareli province on the 10th of August 2020 and they are identified by implementing both traditional methods and molecular phylogenetic analysis using the rDNA sequences including Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) and 28S Ribosomal Large Subunit (LSU) regions. By taking into account the high sequence similarity between the collected samples (ANK Akata 7351) and the truffle species Tuber fulgens Quél. the collected specimen was regarded as T. fulgens and the morphological data also consolidated this finding. As a result, T. fulgens was reported for the first time from Turkey. A short description of the newly reported species is given along with its macro and microphotographs, and spore images taken by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Additionally, ITS and LSU rDNA based evolutionary history of the specimen is provided with phylogenetic trees.

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Plectania lutea (Sarcosomataceae), a new species from southwestern karst areas of China

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.509.3.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 509 (3) ◽

Author(s):

GUANG-FU MOU ◽

TOLGOR BAU

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Maximum Likelihood ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

External Surface ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Large Subunit ◽

New Taxon ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Karst Areas ◽

A New Species

Plectania lutea, is described as a new species from subtropical karst areas of China. The main distinguishing characteristics of P. lutea are the yellow hymenium, the external surface with ridges, the gelatinous but not semifluid medullary excipulum, and the large finely warted ascospores. The phylogenetic analyses based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large subunit (LSU) regions of rDNA sequences using Bayesian (BA) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) methods showed that the new taxon can be distinguished from phenotypically similar and phylogenetically related species.

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