scholarly journals Multi-Omics Profiling Approach to Asthma: An Evolving Paradigm

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Yadu Gautam ◽  
Elisabet Johansson ◽  
Tesfaye B. Mersha
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Strong Risk Factor ◽  
The Past ◽  
Asthma Risk

Asthma is a complex multifactorial and heterogeneous respiratory disease. Although genetics is a strong risk factor of asthma, external and internal exposures and their interactions with genetic factors also play important roles in the pathophysiology of asthma. Over the past decades, the application of high-throughput omics approaches has emerged and been applied to the field of asthma research for screening biomarkers such as genes, transcript, proteins, and metabolites in an unbiased fashion. Leveraging large-scale studies representative of diverse population-based omics data and integrating with clinical data has led to better profiling of asthma risk. Yet, to date, no omic-driven endotypes have been translated into clinical practice and management of asthma. In this article, we provide an overview of the current status of omics studies of asthma, namely, genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, exposomics, and metabolomics. The current development of the multi-omics integrations of asthma is also briefly discussed. Biomarker discovery following multi-omics profiling could be challenging but useful for better disease phenotyping and endotyping that can translate into advances in asthma management and clinical care, ultimately leading to successful precision medicine approaches.

scholarly journals Biomarkers for posttransplantation outcomes

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 131 (20) ◽  
pp. 2193-2204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Paczesny
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Conditioning Regimen ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Gvhd Prophylaxis ◽  
Prognostic Tests ◽  
Conditioning Intensity ◽  
Hla Compatibility ◽  
Donor Source

Abstract During the last decade, the development of biomarkers for the complications seen after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has expanded tremendously, with the most progress having been made for acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), a common and often fatal complication. Although many factors are known to determine transplant outcome (including the age of the recipient, comorbidity, conditioning intensity, donor source, donor-recipient HLA compatibility, conditioning regimen, posttransplant GVHD prophylaxis), they are incomplete guides for predicting outcomes. Thanks to the advances in genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and cytomics technologies, blood biomarkers have been identified and validated for us in promising diagnostic tests, prognostic tests stratifying for future occurrence of aGVHD, and predictive tests for responsiveness to GVHD therapy and nonrelapse mortality. These biomarkers may facilitate timely and selective therapeutic intervention. However, such blood tests are not yet available for routine clinical care. This article provides an overview of the candidate biomarkers for clinical evaluation and outlines a path from biomarker discovery to first clinical correlation, to validation in independent cohorts, to a biomarker-based clinical trial, and finally to general clinical application. This article focuses on biomarkers discovered with a large-scale proteomics platform and validated with the same reproducible assay in at least 2 independent cohorts with sufficient sample size according to the 2014 National Institutes of Health consensus on biomarker criteria, as well as on biomarkers as tests for risk stratification of outcomes, but not on their pathophysiologic contributions, which have been reviewed recently.

The impact of a large-scale population-based asthma management program on pediatric asthma patients and their caregivers

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archelle Georgiou ◽  
Deborah A. Buchner ◽  
Daniel H. Ershoff ◽  
Kristin M. Blasko ◽  
Linda V. Goodman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
Pediatric Asthma ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Recent trends of refractive surgery rate and detailed analysis of subjects with refractive surgery: The 2008-2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261347
Author(s):  
Yunjin Lee ◽  
Ji Soo Kim ◽  
Un Chul Park ◽  
Juwon Lim
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Refractive Surgery ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Recent Trends

The present study was conducted to investigate recent trends of refractive surgery rates and analyze subjects undergoing refractive surgery using large-scale population studies over the past 8 years. We used the dataset of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, a nationwide population-based cross-sectional study which were performed from 2008 to 2015. Of the 21,415 participants aged 20 to 49 years, 1,621 had refractive surgeries. Seventy three percent of them were females and 81% of them were aged under 40 years old. Over the past 8 years, cumulative prevalence of refractive surgery rate increased more than 10%. Although young (< 40 years, odds ratio (OR) 0.31, P<0.001) women (OR 1.86, P<0.001) living in urban areas (OR 0.51, P<0.001) with high educational attainment (OR 2.67, P<0.001) and income levels (OR 3.16, P<0.001) accounted for a high proportion in refractive surgery group through all survey years, subgroup analyses revealed that gaps between genders (ORs 3.8 in 2008–2009, 2.1 in 2010–2012, and 1.5 in 2013–2015), educational level (ORs 3.0, 2.5, and 2.1, respectively), and highest/lowest quartiles of household income (ORs 5.2, 2.6, and 2.4, respectively) were decreasing over time. Overall, our study suggests that refractive surgery has reached an age where the majority accepts it, and indeed more and diverse people are undergoing refractive surgeries.

scholarly journals The impact of advanced proteomics in the search for markers and therapeutic targets of bladder cancer

Tumor Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 101042831769118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongshuo Zhang ◽  
Yue Fan ◽  
Lingling Xia ◽  
Chunhui Gao ◽  
Xin Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact

Bladder cancer is the most common cancer of the urinary tract and can be avoided through proper surveillance and monitoring. Several genetic factors are known to contribute to the progression of bladder cancer, many of which produce molecules that serve as cancer biomarkers. Blood, urine, and tissue are commonly analyzed for the presence of biomarkers, which can be derived from either the nucleus or the mitochondria. Recent advances in proteomics have facilitated the high-throughput profiling of data generated from bladder cancer–related proteins or peptides in parallel with high sensitivity and specificity, providing a wealth of information for biomarker discovery and validation. However, the transmission of screening results from one laboratory to another remains the main disadvantage of these methods, a fact that emphasizes the need for consistent and standardized procedures as suggested by the Human Proteome Organization. This review summarizes the latest discoveries and progress of biomarker identification for the early diagnosis, projected prognosis, and therapeutic response of bladder cancer, informs the readers of the current status of proteomic-based biomarker findings, and suggests avenues for future work.

scholarly journals Parameters Affecting the Performance of Immobilized Enzyme

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hao Zhang ◽  
Li-Xia Yuwen ◽  
Li-Juan Peng
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immobilization ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Immobilized Enzyme ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Enzyme Loading ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor

Enzyme immobilization has been investigated to improve lipase properties over the past few decades. Different methods and various carriers have been employed to immobilize enzyme. However, the application of enzymatic technology in large scale is rarely seen during the industrial process. The main obstacles are a high cost of the immobilization and the poor performance of immobilized lipase. This review focuses on the current status of enzyme immobilization, which aims to summarize the latest research on the parameters affecting the performance of immobilized enzyme. Particularly, the effect of immobilization methods, immobilization carriers, and enzyme loading has been discussed.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Incidence of Insomnia in Korea during 2005 to 2013

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-540
Author(s):  
Seockhoon Chung ◽  
Seung Woo Cho ◽  
Min-Woo Jo ◽  
Soyoung Youn ◽  
Jiho Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Icd 10

Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the progress of insomnia prevalence and incidence over the past several years. Also, this study compared survival rates between individuals with and without insomnia.Methods The National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) from 2002–2013 was used for this study. Prevalent cases of insomnia were defined using ICD-10 codes F51.0 or G47.0, or a prescription of sedatives. Cox’s proportional hazard analysis was conducted to compare survival rates between insomnia patients and people without insomnia.Results In 2013, there were 46,167 (5.78%) insomnia patients over 20 years old in this cohort. Insomnia was more common among women and the elderly. Annual incidence over the past several years remained steady but the prevalence increased. The survival of insomnia patients was lower than that of people without insomnia, and the hazard ratio for overall mortality was 1.702 (p<0.001).Conclusion This large-scale population-based cohort study provided current epidemiologic indicators of insomnia in the Korean general population.

Advances In Asthma Care

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Garvey
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Asthma Care ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Asthma Knowledge ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Examination Process

Asthma rates in the US have risen during the past 25 years, as have asthma-related morbidity and healthcare costs. Professional organizations involved in asthma care have identified the need to assure that an advanced level of asthma knowledge and skill is available to patients with asthma, their families, and insurers. This need led to development of the certification for asthma educators. The Certified Asthma Educator (AE-C) must meet specific clinical criteria and pass a standardized examination designed to evaluate knowledge and skill for providing competent asthma education and coordination. The development and current status of the Certified Asthma Educator examination process and content are discussed, as are goals of the certification

Reaction-based Enumeration, Active Learning, and Free Energy Calculations to Rapidly Explore Synthetically Tractable Chemical Space and Optimize Potency of Cyclin Dependent Kinase 2 Inhibitors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Konze ◽  
Pieter Bos ◽  
Markus Dahlgren ◽  
Karl Leswing ◽  
Ivan Tubert-Brohman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Active Learning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Free Energy Calculations ◽  
Computational Technique ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinase ◽  
Energy Calculations

We report a new computational technique, PathFinder, that uses retrosynthetic analysis followed by combinatorial synthesis to generate novel compounds in synthetically accessible chemical space. Coupling PathFinder with active learning and cloud-based free energy calculations allows for large-scale potency predictions of compounds on a timescale that impacts drug discovery. The process is further accelerated by using a combination of population-based statistics and active learning techniques. Using this approach, we rapidly optimized R-groups and core hops for inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase 2. We explored greater than 300 thousand ideas and identified 35 ligands with diverse commercially available R-groups and a predicted IC<sub>50</sub> < 100 nM, and four unique cores with a predicted IC<sub>50</sub> < 100 nM. The rapid turnaround time, and scale of chemical exploration, suggests that this is a useful approach to accelerate the discovery of novel chemical matter in drug discovery campaigns.

Reaction-based Enumeration, Active Learning, and Free Energy Calculations to Rapidly Explore Synthetically Tractable Chemical Space and Optimize Potency of Cyclin Dependent Kinase 2 Inhibitors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Konze ◽  
Pieter Bos ◽  
Markus Dahlgren ◽  
Karl Leswing ◽  
Ivan Tubert-Brohman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Active Learning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Free Energy Calculations ◽  
Computational Technique ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinase ◽  
Energy Calculations

We report a new computational technique, PathFinder, that uses retrosynthetic analysis followed by combinatorial synthesis to generate novel compounds in synthetically accessible chemical space. Coupling PathFinder with active learning and cloud-based free energy calculations allows for large-scale potency predictions of compounds on a timescale that impacts drug discovery. The process is further accelerated by using a combination of population-based statistics and active learning techniques. Using this approach, we rapidly optimized R-groups and core hops for inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase 2. We explored greater than 300 thousand ideas and identified 35 ligands with diverse commercially available R-groups and a predicted IC<sub>50</sub> < 100 nM, and four unique cores with a predicted IC<sub>50</sub> < 100 nM. The rapid turnaround time, and scale of chemical exploration, suggests that this is a useful approach to accelerate the discovery of novel chemical matter in drug discovery campaigns.

Molecular Epidemiology and Biomarkers in Etiologic Cancer Research: The New in Light of the Old

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lungwani Muungo
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Cancer Epidemiology ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Generation

The purpose of this review is to evaluate progress inmolecular epidemiology over the past 24 years in canceretiology and prevention to draw lessons for futureresearch incorporating the new generation of biomarkers.Molecular epidemiology was introduced inthe study of cancer in the early 1980s, with theexpectation that it would help overcome some majorlimitations of epidemiology and facilitate cancerprevention. The expectation was that biomarkerswould improve exposure assessment, document earlychanges preceding disease, and identify subgroupsin the population with greater susceptibility to cancer,thereby increasing the ability of epidemiologic studiesto identify causes and elucidate mechanisms incarcinogenesis. The first generation of biomarkers hasindeed contributed to our understanding of riskandsusceptibility related largely to genotoxic carcinogens.Consequently, interventions and policy changes havebeen mounted to reduce riskfrom several importantenvironmental carcinogens. Several new and promisingbiomarkers are now becoming available for epidemiologicstudies, thanks to the development of highthroughputtechnologies and theoretical advances inbiology. These include toxicogenomics, alterations ingene methylation and gene expression, proteomics, andmetabonomics, which allow large-scale studies, includingdiscovery-oriented as well as hypothesis-testinginvestigations. However, most of these newer biomarkershave not been adequately validated, and theirrole in the causal paradigm is not clear. There is a needfor their systematic validation using principles andcriteria established over the past several decades inmolecular cancer epidemiology.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document