scholarly journals Después de usted: Variation and Change in a Spanish Tripartite Politeness System

Languages ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
María Irene Moyna
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
American Variety ◽  
Quantitative Studies

This study focuses on the address paradigm in the Spanish spoken in Montevideo, the capital of Uruguay, a Latin American variety which presents speakers with three options—one polite (usted), and two familiar (pan-Hispanic tú and regional vos). Recent quantitative studies have shown that the range of polite usted is shrinking in the dialect, as younger respondents reserve it for hierarchical contexts or for much older addressees. Indeed, speakers are uncertain about appropriate address choice to convey deference without distance. The present analysis supplements the previous quantitative data with responses of Montevideo speakers to an attitudinal interview (n = 12) analyzed qualitatively for themes with Atlas.ti. It finds that while speakers reject usted, they have adopted a range of strategies to maintain distinctions in politeness, including address avoidance, mirroring, and the repurposing of tú as an intermediate polite form.

scholarly journals Overcoming Barriers in Higher Education Mobility between Latin America, Canada and Asia: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Arooba Ahmed ◽  
Jia Jun Joel Wen ◽  
Maribel Flórez ◽  
Pedro Iacobelli ◽  
Lilian Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
International Student ◽  
Student Mobility ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Economic Program ◽  
Latin American Countries

Latin America and Asia have been tied for hundreds of years through a transcontinental trade network, which has culminated in their current economic interdependence. This interdependence necessitates cooperation, which can be bolstered through cultural understanding between the two continents. International student mobility is one way to foster intercultural relations, which are currently quite low between these regions. Canada has faced a similar struggle as Latin America to attract students in the Americas when faced with competition from US universities, but has had some successes which Latin American countries could learn from. This study therefore completes a scoping review of the literature to categorize barriers and enablers to academic mobility between higher education institutions (HEIs) in Asia, Canada, and Latin America and synthesizes relevant suggestions. An integrative literature search of qualitative and quantitative studies was conducted using six different databases. After considering inclusion and exclusion criteria, 33 studies were selected and analyzed. The results were categorized into six themes: Cultural, Academic and Professional, Linguistic, Economic, Program Structure, and Political Climate. Each theme included factors which enabled or hindered student mobility between Asia and the Americas. The findings highlight the need for Latinamerican HEIs to emphasize relevant initiatives and qualities that go beyond rankings, boost the use of English among academics and staff, actively reach out to Asian partners, and collaborate to develop credit transfer policies compatible with Asian institutions. These considerations could be all the more timely considering students are currently more open to virtual international opportunities in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, generating possibilities of greater collaboration between these regions of the world.

scholarly journals Sobre la llamada oposición aspectual entre «he cantado» y «canté» en el español de América

2020 ◽  
Vol LXXVI (76) ◽  
pp. 361-372
Author(s):  
Witold Sobczak
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Romance Languages ◽  
Grammatical Category ◽  
American Variety ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Latin American Spanish ◽  
American Spanish

On the so-called aspectual opposition between «he cantado» and «canté» in Latin American Spanish. According to the majority of linguists, the opposition between the forms «he cantado» and «canté» in the American variety of Spanish is related to aspect, which may raise doubts if it is assumed that aspect is a grammatical category typical of Slavic languages and absent in Romance languages. Based on this assumption and on a precise distinction between aspect and Aktionsart, the author attempts to prove that aspect did not exist in Latin, nor does it exist in contemporary Spanish. Therefore the claim that the tenses antepresente («he cantado») and pretérito («canté») are carriers of aspectual features is hard to accept. Keywords: aspect, Aktionsart, Spanish tense system, expressing the past O tak zwanej opozycji aspektowej pomiędzy «he cantado» a «canté» w hiszpańskim w Ameryce. Streszczenie: Według większości lingwistów opozycja pomiędzy formami «he cantado» a «canté» w amerykańskiej odmianie języka hiszpańskiego ma charakter aspektowy, co może wzbudzać wątpliwości, jeśli uzna się aspekt za kategorię gramatyczną typową dla języków słowiańskich i nieobecną w językach romańskich. W oparciu o to założenie oraz precyzyjne rozróżnienie pomiędzy aspektem a Aktionsartem autor próbuje udowodnić, że aspekt nie istniał ani w łacinie, ani nie istnieje we współczesnym języku hiszpańskim i w związku z tym trudne do zaakceptowania wydaje się stwierdzenie, że czasy antepresente («he cantado ») i pretérito («canté») są nośnikami treści aspektowych. Słowa klucze: aspekt, Aktionsart, hiszpański system czasowy, wyrażanie przeszłości

Concluding remarks

1982 ◽  
Vol 296 (1082) ◽  
pp. 575-576 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Physiology ◽  
Nitrogen Cycle ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
The Past ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
Made In

Over the past two days of this symposium I have been impressed by the interest and enthusiasm shown for the subject of the nitrogen cycle. The programme has been diverse, with agriculturalists, environmentalists, those interested in forestry, aquatic environments, plant physiology and medicine all contributing. Dr Lake has rounded off the general discussion admirably: he has emphasized that there are many questions still to be answered and various speakers and contributors have pointedly emphasized that while we know much about the various reactions of the nitrogen cycle, at least in gross terms, good solid quantitative data on various processes are scarce. Even for N 2 fixation about which, as Professor Postgate rightly said, more is probably known than about any other process of the nitrogen cycle, there is still uncertainty about how much N is fixed in the oceans of the world, despite the fact that these cover the bulk of the Earth’s surface. Professor Fogg has mentioned the difficulties of obtaining such data in so vast an area. But it is not only in the sea that there are problems. As yet we have few good quantitative data on losses by denitrification: how much is lost as N 2 and how much as N 2 O. The studies of Dr Dowdell and his colleagues are an important step in the right direction. Detailed quantitative studies are required on the various processes of the nitrogen cycle. That is where progress will have to be made in the future. I believe that too much time has been spent in the past on mass balance studies and not enough time on getting accurate measurements of the various processes by experimentation.

Effective Reporting of Quantitative Data

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackie A Campbell ◽  
Susan Corr ◽  
Richard Jones
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Accurate Reporting

Communicating the results of research is a key process in conducting studies. This article focuses on reporting quantitative data within published articles, setting this in the context of the structure of the whole article. In addition to the reporting of new empirical data, the article also considers the reviewing of other quantitative studies when writing a literature review. Clarity of presentation and accurate reporting of results are the key issues addressed in this paper.

scholarly journals Advanced Quantitative Spine Imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 413-427
Author(s):  
James F. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Disease Pathogenesis ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Spine Imaging ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAlthough advanced quantitative imaging may not be currently used to any degree in the routine reporting of spinal examinations, this situation will change in the not too distant future. Advanced quantitative imaging has already allowed us to understand a great deal more regarding spinal development, marrow physiology, and disease pathogenesis. Radiologists are ideally suited to drive this research forward. To speed up this process and optimize the impact of studies reporting spine quantitative data, we should work toward universal standards on the acquisition of spine data that will allow quantitative studies to be more easily compared, contrasted, and amalgamated.

scholarly journals Uso da simulação de alta fidelidade no preparo de enfermeiros para o atendimento de urgências e emergências: revisão da literatura

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 28675
Author(s):  
Fernanda Berchelli Girão Miranda ◽  
Alessandra Mazzo ◽  
Gerson Alves Pereira Junior
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Caribbean Literature ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
High Fidelity Simulation ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Professional Nurses ◽  
Safety Knowledge

AIMS: To identify, in the scientific literature, what are the gains perceived by nurses in the use of simulated high fidelity practices in urgency and emergency situations.METHODS: The search was done in pairs in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Latin-American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, National Library of Medicine, SCOPUS and Web of Science, using the keywords or their synonyms for each item of the strategy. Thus, nurses OR nursing was used for Population; perception OR "acquisition of knowledge" OR experiences, for Concept; "high fidelity simulation" OR simulation OR emergencies, for Context.RESULTS: Eight studies that met the established inclusion criteria were analyzed, seven of each (88%) being quantitative studies that performed the interventions only with professional nurses. Among the several gains obtained by the nurses, the increase of self-confidence and satisfaction, and improvements in technical and non-technical skills, communication and leadership were remarkable. The fact that each participant had different places of professional performance may have influenced their experience, which may have resulted in different perceptions for each of them.CONCLUSIONS: The high fidelity simulation in urgency and emergency care with nurses presented itself as a tool that, in association with other teaching strategies, can result in countless benefits for professionals, for the health system, and, especially, for patient safety. Knowledge about the contributions this method provides to the professionals can be a reliable ally to stimulate their participation in simulated scenarios and also to justify to the employers the necessity of this type of strategy.

scholarly journals Protein quantification across hundreds of experimental conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 106 (37) ◽  
pp. 15544-15548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zia Khan ◽  
Joshua S. Bloom ◽  
Benjamin A. Garcia ◽  
Mona Singh ◽  
Leonid Kruglyak
Keyword(s):  
Data Structures ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
Protein Quantification ◽  
Protein Abundance ◽  
Proteomics Data ◽  
Space Partitioning ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Graph Theoretic ◽  
Quantitative Studies

Quantitative studies of protein abundance rarely span more than a small number of experimental conditions and replicates. In contrast, quantitative studies of transcript abundance often span hundreds of experimental conditions and replicates. This situation exists, in part, because extracting quantitative data from large proteomics datasets is significantly more difficult than reading quantitative data from a gene expression microarray. To address this problem, we introduce two algorithmic advances in the processing of quantitative proteomics data. First, we use space-partitioning data structures to handle the large size of these datasets. Second, we introduce techniques that combine graph-theoretic algorithms with space-partitioning data structures to collect relative protein abundance data across hundreds of experimental conditions and replicates. We validate these algorithmic techniques by analyzing several datasets and computing both internal and external measures of quantification accuracy. We demonstrate the scalability of these techniques by applying them to a large dataset that comprises a total of 472 experimental conditions and replicates.

scholarly journals Quantitatively Assessing the Success of Your Critical Thinking Teaching Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Sarah D. McCrackin
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Teaching Strategies ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Teaching Literature ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Quantitative Assessments

The teaching literature contains a wealth of articles discussing the success of interventions designed to foster critical thinking. However, most of these articles describe qualitative assessments of critical thinking interventions, with very few quantitative assessments (Abrami et al., 2008). While both qualitative and quantitative methods have unique value, there is a need for quantitative data to supplement qualitative claims that various strategies for teaching critical thinking are successful. The goal of this workshop is to provide a framework that members of all disciplines can use to quantitatively assess the success of critical thinking interventions in their own classroom. Participants will learn about common research approaches and assessments that have been used in published quantitative studies on critical thinking. They will also learn strategies for assessing the experimental rigor of previous critical thinking research and will work together to create a plan to apply this knowledge in their own classrooms.

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