scholarly journals How to Select 2D and 3D Roughness Parameters at Their Relevant Scales by the Analysis of Covariance

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1526
Author(s):  
Stephane Tchoundjeu ◽  
Maxence Bigerelle ◽  
Francois Robbe-Valloire ◽  
Tony Da Silva Botelho ◽  
Frederic Jarnias
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Iso 25178

In this paper, a multi-scale methodology is proposed to model and characterize the effect of two lubricants on changes in surface morphology during a running-in test. The test concerns two steels samples, mounted on a twin-disc tribometer to test each of lubricants A and B for a period of 42 h. The changes are characterized by the standardized roughness parameters given in ISO 25178. A technique involving replication is used to monitor wear during the test. Using all these replication measurements, a multi-scale methodology is applied. These selected models highlighted the relevant parameters for quantifying wear during lifespan, and also showed that lubricant A was better able to preserve surface integrity during wear than lubricant B.

Application of 2D-3D Surface Geometrical Features in Tribological Analysis of Ceramics and Ceramic Layers

2015 ◽  
Vol 812 ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsolt Maros ◽  
Csaba Felhő ◽  
Zoltán Vass ◽  
Mária B. Maros
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Wear Process ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Tribological System ◽  
Geometrical Features ◽  
Scale Characterization ◽  
Tribological Analysis ◽  
Wear Damage ◽  
2D And 3D

Microgeometrical characteristics of the surface of engineering components operating in wear condition are important features influencing the wear process of the tribological system. Beside the widely used common 2D roughness parameters – e.g. the Ra, arithmetical mean roughness, Rz, ten point mean roughness, or Rmr, material ratio, etc. – the 3D roughness features (Sa, Sz Smr) provide potentially new means for geometrical description of the operating surfaces. Our paper aims at contributing an overview on the available 2D and 3D features, giving their definition and their potential use in multi-scale characterization of components used especially in wear type loading conditions. An interesting question is the relationship between the 2D and 3D roughness parameters and their information content, relating to tribological problems. Besides giving a systematic overview of the most important parameters applicable in wear analyses we also present examples of 2D and 3D roughness data determined on surface of nitrocarburised steels, as well as silicon nitride ceramics. A special emphasis is placed on those parameters which can be most efficiently used during wear damage analyses of ceramic materials.

Surface integrity of quenched steel 1045 machined by CBN grinding wheel and SiC grinding wheel

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kankan Ji ◽  
Xingquan Zhang ◽  
Shubao Yang ◽  
Liping Shi ◽  
Shiyi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Compressive Stress ◽  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quenched Steel ◽  
Cut Depth ◽  
Cbn Grinding Wheel

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate surface integrity of quenched steel 1045 ground drily by the brazed cubic boron nitride (CBN) grinding wheel and the black SiC wheel, respectively. Surface integrity, including surface roughness, sub-surface hardness, residual stresses and surface morphology, was investigated in detail, and the surface quality of samples ground by two grinding wheels was compared. Design/methodology/approach In the present work, surface integrity of quenched steel 1045 machined by the CBN grinding wheel and the SiC wheel was investigated systematically. All the specimens were machined with a single pass in the down-cutting mode of dry condition. Surface morphology of the ground specimen was observed by using OLYMPUS BX51M optical microscopy. Surface roughness of seven points was measured by using a surface roughness tester at a cut-off length of 1.8 mm and the measurement traces were perpendicular to the grinding direction. Sub-surface micro-hardness was measured by using HVS-1000 digital micro-hardness tester after the cross-section surface was polished. The residual stress was tested by using X-350A X-ray stress analyzer. Findings When the cut depth is increased from 0.01 to 0.07 mm, the steel surface machined by the CBN wheel remains clear grinding mark, lower roughness, higher micro-hardness and higher magnitude of compressive stress and fine microstructure, while the surface machined by the SiC grinding wheel becomes worse with increasing of cut depth. The value of micro-hardness decreases, and the surface roughness increases, and the surface compressive stress turns into tensile stress. Some micro-cracks and voids occur when the sample is processed by the SiC grinding wheel with cut depth 0.07 mm. Originality/value In this paper, the specimens of quenched steel 1045 were machined by the CBN grinding wheel and the SiC wheel with various cutting depths. The processing quality resulted from the CBN grinding wheel is better than that resulted from the SiC grinding wheel.

Characterization of 3D Surface Texture Directionality Using Multi-Scale Curvature Tensor Analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Bartkowiak
Keyword(s):  
Curvature Tensor ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Sampling Interval ◽  
Tensor Analysis ◽  
Principal Curvatures ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Principal Directions ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
3D Surface Texture

Anisotropy of surface texture can in many practical cases significantly affect the interaction between the surface and phenomena that influence or are influenced by the topography. Tribological contacts in sheet forming, wetting behavior or dental wear are good examples. This article introduces and exemplifies a method for quantification and visualization of anisotropy using the newly developed 3D multi-scale curvature tensor analysis. Examples of a milled steel surface, which exhibited an evident anisotropy, and a ruby contact probe surface, which was the example of isotropic surface, were measured by the confocal microscope. They were presented in the paper to support the proposed approach. In the method, the curvature tensor T is calculated using three proximate unit vectors normal to the surface. The multi-scale effect is achieved by changing the size of the sampling interval for the estimation of the normals. Normals are estimated from regular meshes by applying a covariance matrix method. Estimation of curvature tensor allows determination of two directions around which surface bends the most and the least (principal directions) and the bending radii (principal curvatures). The direction of the normal plane, where the curvature took its maximum, could be plotted for each analyzed region and scale. In addition, 2D and 3D distribution graphs could be provided to visualize anisotropic or isotropic characteristics. This helps to determine the dominant texture direction or directions for each scale. In contrast to commonly used surface isotropy/anisotropy determination techniques such as Fourier transform or autocorrelation, the presented method provides the analysis in 3D and for every region at each scale. Thus, different aspects of the studied surfaces could clearly be seen at different scales.

scholarly journals Modification of surface morphology of Ti6Al4V alloy manufactured by Laser Sintering

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagmar Draganovská ◽  
Gabriela Ižariková ◽  
Anna Guzanová ◽  
Janette Brezinová ◽  
Juraj Koncz
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Ti6al4v Alloy ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Effect Of Pressure ◽  
Correlation Statistic ◽  
Abrasive Blasting

Abstract The paper deals with the evaluation of relation between roughness parameters of Ti6Al4V alloy produced by DMLS and modified by abrasive blasting. There were two types of blasting abrasives that were used – white corundum and Zirblast at three levels of air pressure. The effect of pressure on the value of individual roughness parameters and an influence of blasting media on the parameters for samples blasted by white corundum and Zirblast were evaluated by ANOVA. Based on the measured values, the correlation matrix was set and the standard of correlation statistic importance between the monitored parameters was determined from it. The correlation coefficient was also set.

scholarly journals Influence of surface roughness parameters and surface morphology on friction performance of ceramics

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (11) ◽  
pp. 837-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei ZHANG ◽  
Seiji YAMASHITA ◽  
Takeshi KUMAZAWA ◽  
Fumihito OZEKI ◽  
Hideki HYUGA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Surface Roughness Parameters ◽  
Friction Performance

Research on the Surface Roughness Parameters of Micro-EDM

2013 ◽  
Vol 572 ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Jie Chen ◽  
Ji Hong Shen ◽  
Yun Tao Dai
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Micro Edm ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Surface Roughness Parameters ◽  
Evaluation Problem ◽  
Lubrication Characteristics ◽  
Morphology Characteristics

The surface topography errors of micro-EDM are mainly composed of surface roughness, surface waveness and so on. Research shows that the surface morphology provides a lot of useful information, which has serious influence on the friction and lubrication characteristics of the surface. However, for the micro-EDM surface topography evaluation problem, researchers have been using surface roughness parameters and evaluation method of mechanical process, which restrict the micro-EDM technology further development. On this account, the surface roughness parameters of micro-EDM have been deeply studied in this paper according to its technology characteristics and the surface morphology characteristics, therefore, the main researches and creative points are obtained, which the influence that the surface roughness of micro-EDM parts impact on their using performance is analyzed, and based on the surface morphology characteristics, some roughness evaluation parameters are given respectively according to peaks and valley, moreover, their numerical calculation are also gained.

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