scholarly journals Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) and Salicylic Acid Polymeric Prodrug Grafted onto Medical Silicone to Obtain a Novel Thermo- and pH-Responsive Drug Delivery System for Potential Medical Devices

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1065
Author(s):  
José M. Cornejo-Bravo ◽  
Kenia Palomino ◽  
Giovanni Palomino-Vizcaino ◽  
Oscar M. Pérez-Landeros ◽  
Mario Curiel-Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Temperature Function ◽  
Polymer Hydrolysis ◽  
Polymeric Prodrug ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Two Stages

New medical devices with anti-inflammatory properties are critical to prevent inflammatory processes and infections in medical/surgical procedures. In this work, we present a novel functionalization of silicone for medical use with a polymeric prodrug and a thermosensitive polymer, by graft polymerization (gamma rays), for the localized release of salicylic acid, an analgesic, and anti-inflammatory drug. Silicone rubber (SR) films were functionalized in two stages using graft polymerization from ionizing radiation (60Co). The first stage was grafting poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL), a thermo-sensitive polymer, onto SR to obtain SR-g-PNVCL. In the second stage, poly(2-methacryloyloxy-benzoic acid) (P2MBA), a polymeric prodrug, was grafted to obtain (SR-g-PNVCL)-g-P2MBA. The degree of functionalization depended on the concentrations of monomers and the irradiation dose. The films were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and contact angle. An upper critical solution temperature (UCST) of the films was demonstrated by the swelling degree as a temperature function. (SR-g-PNVCL)-g-P2MBA films demonstrated hydrolysis-mediated drug release from the polymeric prodrug, pH, and temperature sensitivity. GC–MS confirmed the presence of the drug (salicylic acid), after polymer hydrolysis. The concentration of the drug in the release media was quantified by HPLC. Cytocompatibility and thermo-/pH sensitivity of functionalized medical silicone were demonstrated in cancer and non-cancer cells.

scholarly journals Urban Groundwater Contamination by Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 720
Author(s):  
Anna Jurado ◽  
Enric Vázquez-Suñé ◽  
Estanislao Pujades
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Human Health ◽  
River Water ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Urban Groundwater ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Water Recharge ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Pharmaceuticals, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and their metabolites, have become a major concern due to their increasing consumption and their widespread occurrence in the environment. In this paper, we investigate the occurrence of NSAIDs and their metabolites in an urban aquifer, which may serve as a potential resource for drinking water, and propose a methodology to assess the removal of these substances in the river–groundwater interface. Then, risk quotients (RQs) are computed, in order to determine the risk posed by the single NSAIDs and their mixture to human health. To this end, six NSAIDs and two metabolites were collected from an urban aquifer located in the metropolitan area of Barcelona (NE, Spain), in which the major pollution source is a contaminated river. All of the target NSAIDs were detected in groundwater samples, where the concentrations in the aquifer were higher than those found in the river water (except for ibuprofen). Diclofenac, ketoprofen, propyphenazone and salicylic acid were detected at high mean concentrations (ranging from 91.8 ng/L to 225.2 ng/L) in the aquifer. In contrast, phenazone and mefenamic acid were found at low mean concentrations (i.e., lower than 25 ng/L) in the aquifer. According to the proposed approach, the mixing of river water recharge into the aquifer seemed to some extent to promote the removal of the NSAIDs under the sub-oxic to denitrifying conditions found in the groundwater. The NSAIDs that presented higher mean removal values were 4OH diclofenac (0.8), ibuprofen (0.78), salicylic acid (0.35) and diclofenac (0.28), which are likely to be naturally attenuated under the aforementioned redox conditions. Concerning human health risk assessment, the NSAIDs detected in groundwater and their mixture do not pose any risk for all age intervals considered, as the associated RQs were all less than 0.05. Nevertheless, this value must be taken with caution, as many pharmaceuticals might occur simultaneously in the groundwater.

Anti-inflammatory Effects of Plant-based Foods and of their Constituents

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Watzl
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Inflammation is a pathological condition underlying a number of diseases including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and chronic inflammatory diseases. In addition, healthy, obese subjects also express markers of inflammation in their blood. Diet provides a variety of nutrients as well as non-nutritive bioactive constituents which modulate immunomodulatory and inflammatory processes. Epidemiological data suggest that dietary patterns strongly affect inflammatory processes. Primarily the intake of fruit and vegetables as well as of whole wheat is inversely associated with the risk of inflammation. In addition to observational studies there are also data from human intervention studies suggesting an anti-inflammatory potential of these plant foods. At the level of bioactive compounds occurring in plant foods, primarily carotenoids and flavonoids seem to modulate inflammatory as well as immunological processes. In conclusion, there is convincing evidence that plant foods and non-nutritive constituents associated with these foods modulate immunological and inflammatory processes. By means of anti-inflammatory activities a plant-based diet may contribute to the lower risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. A high intake of vegetables, fruit, and whole wheat as recommended by all international nutrition authorities provides a wide spectrum of bioactive compounds at health-promoting concentrations.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Diet: Role in Healthy Aging

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 922
Author(s):  
Kristine Stromsnes ◽  
Angela G. Correas ◽  
Jenny Lehmann ◽  
Juan Gambini ◽  
Gloria Olaso-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Inflammation is a physiological process involved in the defenses of the body and the repair of tissues. It is acutely activated by infections, trauma, toxins, or allergic reactions. However, if it becomes chronic, inflammation can end up stimulating the development of diseases such as cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disease, neurological disease, or cancer. Additionally, during aging, inflammation becomes increasingly more chronic. Furthermore, we found that certain foods, such as saturated fats, have pro-inflammatory activity. Taking this into account, in this review we have discussed different diets with possible anti-inflammatory activity, the commonly ingested components of each diet and their active compounds. In addition, we have proposed some dietary guidelines, as well as a list of compounds present in foods with anti-inflammatory activity, outlining how to combine them to achieve optimal anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, we can conclude that the compounds in our diet with anti-inflammatory activity could help alleviate the inflammatory processes derived from diseases and unhealthy diets, and thereby promote healthy aging.

CYTOKINE PRODUCTION IN LINOMIDE-TREATED NOD MICE AND THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF A Th1/Th2 SHIFT ON AUTOIMMUNE AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES

Cytokine ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lola Weiss ◽  
Vivian Barak ◽  
Michael Zeira ◽  
Ali Abdul-Hai ◽  
Israel Raibstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Nod Mice ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Preliminary phytochemical screenings and Pharmacological activities of Blumea lacera (Burn.f.) DC.

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Md Abul Khair ◽  
Mohammed Ibrahim ◽  
Qamrul Ahsan ◽  
Md Ruhul Kuddus ◽  
Ridwan Bin Rashid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Acetyl Salicylic Acid ◽  
Antipyretic Activity ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Blumea Lacera

The methanol extract of the whole plant of Blumea lacera (Burn.f.) DC. (BLME) has been subjected to preliminary screenings for phytoconstituents and antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Antipyretic activity was assessed by the yeast-induced hyperthermia in mice. The analgesic property was evaluated by formalin-induced writhing test. Acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) was used as standard for in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity test. In yeast-induced pyrexia, the crude extract demonstrated a significant (p=0.05) reduction in body temperature of mice after elevation by the administration of yeast. These effects were pronounced at the 2nd and 3rd h of post-treatment with the extract. BLME exhibited a dose-dependent analgesic activity with 39.13% and 56.52% protection at 200-and 400-mg/kg, b.w., respectively as compared to 76.09% revealed by the standard diclofenac sodium. In the anti-inflammatory test, the crude extract at 400 ?g/ml displayed 62.40% inhibition of protein denaturation whereas standard acetyl salicylic acid exhibited 76.74% inhibition. Results of the preliminary phytochemical screenings demonstrated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids and triterpenoids in the extract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v13i1.21863 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 13(1): 69-73, 2014 (June)

scholarly journals Experience of application of topichesky naturopathic means for patients with ent pathology

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
G. N. Nikiforova ◽  
V. M. Svistushkin ◽  
L. S. Karapetian
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Arnica Montana ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Reactive Changes ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Reparative Effect ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Reactive Processes

Post-traumatic reactive changes in the area of ENT-organs can cause cosmetic defects, contribute to the development of infectious and inflammatory processes. The formation of limited edema and bruising is natural after certain even adequately performed surgical interventions. In clinical practice, the question arises of the effective and safe use of local drugs that have anti-inflammatory, anti-edema and analgesic effects to accelerate the course of post-traumatic reactive processes. Naturopathic agents have high safety, sufficiently pronounced anti-inflammatory, analgesic and reparative effect. The drug based on arnica mountain (Arnica montana) is a unique topical drug that only contains fresh Arnica plants in a concentration of 7% TM. Efficiency and high safety of this drug allows us to recommend it for the treatment of bruises and hematomas of the skin in the area of ENT-organs, including after surgical interventions.

scholarly journals PHYTONCIDES IN THE COMPOSITION OF COMMON BIRD CHERRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 447 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
P.N. Naguman ◽  
A.A. Zhorabek ◽  
A.S. Amanzholova ◽  
I.V. Kulakov ◽  
A.N. Rakhimbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Natural Immunity ◽  
Prussic Acid ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Everyone knows that forest air is very good for health, and one of the most important reasons for this is the presence of phytoncides in it, which kill or suppress pathogens and have a healing effect. Also, phytoncides are one of the factors of the natural immunity of plants (plants sterilize themselves with the products of their vital activity). Their large number is allocated by plants. One of them is the common bird cherry. Cherry-a representative of the genus of plums of the Rosaceae family. The view includes low trees and shrubs. Cheremukha-forest orderly. Its flowers and leaves are rich in phytoncides, thanks to which they exude an alluring aroma. However, when they break down, they release prussic acid, which is dangerous for all living things. This gave them the opportunity to attract and destroy pests. Phytoncides are volatile biologically active substances formed by plants that kill or inhibit the growth and development of bacteria, microscopic fungi, and protozoa. In addition to all of the above, bird cherry has exceptional properties. The strong, somewhat intoxicating scent of flowers and leaves cleanses the air of germs. Antimicrobial properties of phytoncides have led to a large number of studies on their use in medicine, veterinary medicine, plant protection, storage of fruit and vegetable products, in the food industry and other areas of practice. Almost all parts of the plant have bactericidal, fungicidal and insecticidal properties. In folk medicine, bird cherry has long been used as an astringent, fixing, anti-inflammatory and anti-scurvy agent. Bird cherry produces the most powerful phytoncides containing prussic acid. Protozoa die under the influence of bird cherry phytoncides in 5 minutes. On the basis of numerous studies, the time of death of protozoa after noncontact exposure to phytoncidal plants has been established. Especially a lot of phytoncides are released by young leaves in spring and summer, in autumn phytoncides are released much less. The presence of tannins and essential oil in the fruit has an anti-inflammatory effect, which is used to treat inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract and dysentery. The infusion of cherry fruits has a destructive effect on microorganisms. Preparations of the fruits of the common cherry have an antiseptic effect. They are used in dental practice in the treatment of inflammatory processes of the oral mucosa, paradontosis, toothache and hypovitaminosis.

scholarly journals Study on the vase life of Chyrsanthemum indicum cultivar Sakura cutting flower

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Thắng Thanh Trần ◽  
Triều Phương Hoàng ◽  
Hương Thanh Trần
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Chrysanthemum Indicum ◽  
Flower Quality ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Chrysanthemum indicum cultivar Sakura is one of the daisy cultivars. It is beautiful, but the vase life of cutting flowers is very short. The decrease in flower quality during storage and transportation is a big problem in the flower export. In this study, the morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes during the vase life of cutting flowers were analyzed. The effects of plant growth regulators and sucrose at different concentrations on the vase life of cut flowers were investigated. The vase life of Sakura cutting flowers includes two stages: (1) the growing and blooming of flower, (2) senescence of cutting flowers. During the growing and blooming, the color of disk flowers changed from green to yellow, and the ray flowers continued to expand the dimension leading to an increase in the diameter of the head flower. The senescence of cutting flowers was initiated by the reduction of chlorophyll content in the leaf, which was located at the base. Then, the ray flowers were discolored. In the senescence stage, the respiration rate and the content of the abscisic acid of head flower increased continuously. In contrast, the water absorption, the content of starch, total sugar, salicylic acid, auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin decreased strongly. The treatment of 10 g/L sucrose, 2 mg/L NAA, 5 mg/L BA, and 20 mg/L salicylic acid in 24 hours extended the vase life of Sakura cutting flowers and the diameter of the head flower.  

Management of skin disease

2010 ◽  
pp. 4731-4740
Author(s):  
Rod Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Benzoyl Peroxide ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Topical Therapy ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Skin Disorders ◽  
Topical Treatments ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Topical therapy employs a vehicle (ointments, creams, lotions, gels) to deliver an active ingredient to the skin, to provide a protective barrier, or to hydrate and moisturize the skin. There are many types of topical treatments, including (1) antipruritics, e.g. calamine, are used to relieve itching; (2) keratolytics, e.g. salicylic acid, urea, are used to remove hyperkeratotic skin; (3) tars act by reducing the thickness of the epidermis; (4) corticosteroids have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects that are useful in treating many skin disorders; (5) calcipotriol (an analogue of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) reduces epidermal proliferation and is used in local treatment of plaque psoriasis; (6) retinoids influence immune function and have some anti-inflammatory activity and are used in acne; (7) antiseptics, e.g. benzoyl peroxide, chlorhexidine; (8) antifungal agents; (9) sunscreens; (10) anaesthetics/analgesics....

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