scholarly journals Strength Properties of Sustainable Mortar Containing Waste Steel Slag and Waste Clay Brick: Effect of Temperature

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2113
Author(s):  
Md Jihad Miah ◽  
Suvash Chandra Paul ◽  
Adewumi John Babafemi ◽  
Biranchi Panda
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Ambient Condition ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete

The use of waste streams for the production of sustainable cement-based materials cannot be overemphasized. This study investigates the feasibility of reusing waste steel slag (WSS) and waste clay brick (WCB) as a replacement for natural sand (NS) in mortar. Numerous studies have reported mainly the compressive strength of concrete/mortar, while limited research is available that focuses on the tensile and flexural strength of mortar, and especially the performance at elevated temperature. Hence, this study investigates the tensile and flexural strength of mortar with three different replacement percentages (0, 50 and 100% by volume of NS) of NS by WSS and WCB at normal temperature (without thermal treatment) and after exposure to elevated temperatures (250, 400 and 600 °C). At ambient condition, both tensile and flexural strength were enhanced as the WSS content increased (76 and 68%, respectively, at 100% WSS). In comparison, the strength increased at 50% WCB (25 and 37%, accordingly) and decreased at 100% WCB (23 and 20%, respectively) compared to 100% NS. At elevated temperatures, both the tensile and flexural strength of mortar mixes decreased significantly at 600 °C.

scholarly journals Steel scrap added roller compacted concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Kemal Armagan ◽  
Sadık Alper Yıldızel ◽  
Yusuf Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Promising Material ◽  
Steel Scrap ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Roller Compacted Concrete ◽  
Local Roads ◽  
Mechanical Performances

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the benefits of using steel slag as an additive in Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) which is a promising material can be used in streets, local roads, residential streets, high-volume roads, industrial access roads, airports...etc. The mechanical performances of steel scrap added reinforced cementitious composites produced with an industrial punch scrap. In specimen mixtures two types of scraps with diameters of 5 mm and 7 mm were used. The additive was mixed with 1%, 1.5% and 2% ratios by weight. Due to the results of the study, it was obtained that flexural strength properties of the specimens have increased up to 11%. In addition, freeze thaw effect of the specimens was investigated and found that 2% percent of scrap usage was given the best results.

scholarly journals Behavior of HPC with Fly Ash after Elevated Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huai-Shuai Shang ◽  
Ting-Hua Yi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Ultrasonic Velocity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Cleavage Strength

For use in fire resistance calculations, the relevant thermal properties of high-performance concrete (HPC) with fly ash were determined through an experimental study. These properties included compressive strength, cubic compressive strength, cleavage strength, flexural strength, and the ultrasonic velocity at various temperatures (20, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500∘C) for high-performance concrete. The effect of temperature on compressive strength, cubic compressive strength, cleavage strength, flexural strength, and the ultrasonic velocity of the high-performance concrete with fly ash was discussed according to the experimental results. The change of surface characteristics with the temperature was observed. It can serve as a reference for the maintenance, design, and the life prediction of high-performance concrete engineering, such as high-rise building, subjected to elevated temperatures.

scholarly journals Sustainable Mortar Made with Local Clay Bricks and Glass Waste Exposed to Elevated Temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1341-1354
Author(s):  
Zaid Ali Hasan ◽  
Shereen Qasim Abdulridha ◽  
S. Z. Abeer
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Glass Waste ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Local Materials

The present study involved assessing the replacement of fine aggregate in the mortar with sustainable local materials like clay bricks and glass included 168 specimens (cubes and prisms). Seven mixtures were cast for this work, one control mix (R1) with 100% natural sand whereas mixes from R2 to R5 have 10% and 20% replacing natural sand with waste clay bricks and waste glass separately and respectively. Mix R6 was included 20% replacing sand with combination waste materials (10% waste clay bricks with 10% waste glass). Mix R7 has involved the same percent of replacing the previous mix R6 but with adding Polypropylene fibers 1% by volume. The samples have put in an electrical oven for one hour at 200, 400, and 600 ᵒC then cooled to room temperature to be tested and compared with samples at normal temperature 24 ᵒC. Different mechanical tests were adopted involved flow tests, density, weight loss, compressive strength, flexural strength, and water absorption. The results at different temperatures were discussed where many findings were specified. The flexural strength at 400 ᵒC was showed improving by 56% for 20% waste clay brick and 69% with 10% waste glass, as well all combination mixes illustrated higher strength than the control. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091729 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Performance of Foundry Sand Concrete under Ambient and Elevated Temperatures

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazrat Bilal ◽  
Muhammad Yaqub ◽  
Sardar Kashif Ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Abid ◽  
Rayed Alyousef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Foundry Sand

Waste foundry sand (WFS) is the by-product of the foundry industry. Utilizing it in the construction industry will protect the environment and its natural resources, and enable sustainable construction. WFS was employed in this research as a fractional substitution of natural sand by 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% in concrete. Several tests, including workability, compressive strength (CS), splitting tensile strength (STS), and flexural strength (FS), ultrasonic pulse velocity (USPV), Schmidt rebound hammer number (RHN), and residual compressive strengths (RCS) tests were performed to understand the behavior of concrete before and after exposure to elevated temperatures. Test findings showed that the strength characteristics were increased by including WFS at all the phases. For a substitute rate of 30%, the maximum compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strength were observed. Replacement with WFS enhanced the 28-day compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strength by 7.82%, 9.87%, and 10.35%, respectively at a 30% replacement level, and showed continuous improvement until the age of 91 days. The RCS of foundry sand concrete after one month of air cooling at ambient temperature after exposing to 300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C, 600 °C, 700 °C, and 800 °C was found to be in the range of 67.50% to 71.00%, 57.50% to 61.50%, 49.00% to 51.50%, 38% to 41%, 31% to 35% and 26% to 31.5% of unheated compressive strength values for 0% to 40% replacement of WFS, respectively. The RCS decreases with increasing temperature; however, with increasing WFS, the RCS was enhanced in comparison to the control samples. In addition, the replacement of 30% yielded excellent outcomes. Hence, this study provides a sustainable construction material that will preserve the Earth’s natural resources and provide a best use of WFS.

Influence of Anti-Slip Aggregate on Properties of Hardened Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 870 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Waseem Hamzah Mahdi ◽  
Layth Abdul Rasool Mahdi ◽  
Ruba H. Kadhim ◽  
Gufraan A. Kadhim
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Concrete Properties ◽  
Normal Strength ◽  
Tensile Splitting Strength

Nowadays, applying new materials is widely used in concrete construction to study their effects in enhancing the properties and the durability of concrete. This research includes studying the using of manufactured aggregate, which is so-called '' Anti-slip sand '' in specific proportions to know its influence on strength properties of normal strength hardened concrete which involves compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile splitting strength, and density. Anti-slip sand at different rates of (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) replaces the natural sand in the concrete mixture to investigate its effect on the properties of concrete. The study shows that the best results of concrete properties are found when replaced the natural sand by 100% of anti-slip sand. Compressive, flexural and tensile strengths of concrete are increased with increment ratios of (44%, 40%, and 20%) respectively compared with other concrete mixture contains only natural sand. In addition, the study shows that the density of hardened concrete is decreased from 2420 kg/m3 in concrete with 100% natural sand to 2360 kg/m3 with a decrement ratio of 2.5% in concrete with 100% anti-slip sand.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on the Rate of Gain of Strength of Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3906-3911
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Zero Degree ◽  
Hardened State ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete

This paper presents the effect of temperature on the rate of gain of strength of concrete. Different samples of concrete were cast at different temperatures and various properties of concrete in fresh and hardened state were determined. It was observed that the three strength parameters viz. the compressive strength, the split tensile strength and the flexural strength of concrete are adversely affected when the temperature during first 24 hours is less than or equal to zero degree Celsius. The compressive strength of concrete was determined using 100mm and 150 mm cubes and a comparison was made between the two. It was observed that the strength of 100 mm cubes was greater than that of 150 mm cubes. Later a relationship was developed between 7 days,14 days and 28 days strength.

scholarly journals Strength Charecterstics of Concrete with Partial Replacement of Cement by Fly Ash and Activated Fly Ash

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 4299-4305 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete

This paper reveals mainly about the prime effects of using fly ash, and activated fly ash which is considered to replace cement in concrete, on the concrete strength. For this reason, proper experiments has been done in the lab to investigate the behavior of fly ash and activated fly ash ratio on the strength and workability parameters of concrete. The compressive strength of concrete specimens with replacement ratios of 30% and 40% 50%, and aged 7 and 28 days are measured for M30 as per IS 10262 2009 grade of concrete and are compared with those of the concrete specimens without fly ash. The results shown that strength of partially replaced cement by activated fly ash in concrete enhanced strength is observed and it is slow but strong and continuous process when compared to the concrete without fly ash. And optimum replacement of fly ash ratio can be found out at the maximum compressive tensile and flexural strength of concrete. The main aim of this paper is to study the strength properties of concrete with fly ash and activated fly ash. And compare the results and opt for the best replacement to eliminate more use of cement in concrete.

Effect of Temperature, Velocity Gradient and I.V. Heparin on in Vitro Blood Coagulation and Platelet Aggregation

1967 ◽  
Vol 17 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Dintenfass ◽  
M. C Rozenberg
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Velocity Gradient ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Progressive Change ◽  
Aggregation Of Platelets ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

SummaryA study of blood coagulation was carried out by observing changes in the blood viscosity of blood coagulating in the cone-in-cone viscometer. The clots were investigated by microscopic techniques.Immediately after blood is obtained by venepuncture, viscosity of blood remains constant for a certain “latent” period. The duration of this period depends not only on the intrinsic properties of the blood sample, but also on temperature and rate of shear used during blood storage. An increase of temperature decreases the clotting time ; also, an increase in the rate of shear decreases the clotting time.It is confirmed that morphological changes take place in blood coagula as a function of the velocity gradient at which such coagulation takes place. There is a progressive change from the red clot to white thrombus as the rates of shear increase. Aggregation of platelets increases as the rate of shear increases.This pattern is maintained with changes of temperature, although aggregation of platelets appears to be increased at elevated temperatures.Intravenously added heparin affects the clotting time and the aggregation of platelets in in vitro coagulation.

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