scholarly journals A Novel Bone Substitute Based on Recombinant Type I Collagen for Reconstruction of Alveolar Cleft

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2306
Author(s):  
Masaaki Ito ◽  
Taku Toriumi ◽  
Takahiro Hiratsuka ◽  
Hideto Imura ◽  
Yasunori Akiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Recombinant Peptide ◽  
Alveolar Cleft ◽  
Recombinant Type ◽  
Group 2

This study aimed to examine the optimal cross-link density of recombinant peptide (RCP) particles, based on human collagen type I, for bone reconstruction in human alveolar cleft. Low- (group 1), medium- (group 2), and high- (group 3) cross-linked RCP particles were prepared by altering the duration of the heat-dependent dehydration reaction. Rat palatine fissures (n = 45), analogous to human congenital bone defects, were examined to evaluate the potential of bone formation by the three different RCP particles. Microcomputed tomography images were obtained to measure bone volume and bone mineral density at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks post grafting. Specimens were obtained for histological analysis at 16 weeks after grafting. Additionally, alkaline phosphatase and tartrate acid phosphatase staining were performed to visualize the presence of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. At 16 weeks, bone volume, bone mineral density, and new bone area measurements in group 2 were significantly higher than in any other group. In addition, the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts on the new bone surface in group 2 was significantly higher than in any other group. Our results demonstrated that medium cross-linking was more suitable for bone formation—and could be useful in human alveolar cleft repairs as well.

scholarly journals Evaluation of bone mineral density (BMD) and indicators of bone turnover in patients with hemophilia

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Dagli ◽  
Ali Kutlucan ◽  
Sedat Abusoglu ◽  
Abdulkadir Basturk ◽  
Mehmet Sozen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Type I ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference

A decrease in bone mass is observed in hemophilic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD), parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25-hydroxy vitamin D (vitamin D), and a bone formation and resorption marker, procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) and urinary N-terminal telopeptide (uNTX) respectively, in hemophilic patients and healthy controls. Laboratory parameters related to the pathogenesis of bone loss such as neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were also evaluated. Thirty-five men over 18 years of age, with severe hemophilia (A and B) and receiving secondary prophylaxis, were included in the study. The same number of age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched healthy controls were evaluated. Anthropometric, biochemical, and hormonal parameters were determined in both groups. No significant difference in anthropometric parameters was found between the two groups. The BMD was low in 34% of hemophilic patients. Vitamin D, calcium, and free testosterone levels were significantly lower (p < 0.001, p = 0.011, p < 0.001, respectively), while PTH, PINP, and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) levels were significantly higher (p < 0.014, p = 0.043, p < 0.001, respectively), in hemophilic patients compared to controls. There was no significant difference between the two groups in NLR, PLR, phosphorus, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and uNTX level. The reduction of bone mass in hemophilic patients may be evaluated using the markers of bone formation and resorption, enabling early detection and timely treatment.

scholarly journals Parathyroid Hormone Contributes to Regulating Milk Calcium Content and Modulates Neonatal Bone Formation Cooperatively with Calcium

Endocrinology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 561-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guofan Cao ◽  
Zhen Gu ◽  
Yongxin Ren ◽  
Lei Shu ◽  
Chunxiang Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
Tissue Volume ◽  
Protein Levels

To determine whether PTH and calcium (Ca) interact in neonatal bone formation, female lactating mice either heterozygous (PTH+/−) or homozygous (PTH−/−) for targeted deletion of the pth gene were fed either a normal (1% Ca, 0.6% phosphate) or high-Ca diet (2% Ca and 0.4% phosphate). Dietary effects on milk Ca content and Ca-regulating hormones were determined in dams, and the effects of milk content were assessed on bone turnover in 3-wk-old pups. On the normal diet, milk Ca and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 levels were lower, but milk PTH-related protein levels were higher in the PTH−/− dams compared with the PTH+/− dams. On the high-Ca diet, milk Ca levels were higher, but milk 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and PTH-related protein levels were lower in both PTH+/− and PTH−/− dams. In pups fed by PTH−/− dams compared with pups fed by PTH+/− dams on normal diets, bone mineral density, trabecular bone volume relative to tissue volume, and the number of osteoblasts were reduced in both PTH+/− (32.5 ± 1.2 vs. 39.6 ± 1.5 mg/cm2, P &lt; 0.05; 23.3 ± 1.6 vs. 29.2 ± 2.8%, P &lt; 0.01; and 94.2 ± 8.2 vs. 123.5 ± 3.5/mm2, P &lt; 0.01, respectively) and PTH−/− (20.4 ± 0.9 vs. 27.0 ± 1.2 mg/mm2, P &lt; 0.05; 16.8 ± 1.9 vs. 19.3 ± 2.1%, P &lt; 0.05; and 48.6 ± 7.9 vs. 90.5 ± 8.6/mm2, P &lt; 0.01, respectively) pups but were lower in the PTH−/− pups compared with the PTH+/− pups. In contrast, in pups fed by either PTH+/− or PTH−/− dams on the high-Ca diet, bone mineral density, bone volume/tissue volume, and osteoblast numbers were significantly higher, in both PTH+/− (50.5 ± 1.7 vs. 58.7 ± 2.0 mg/mm2, P &lt; 0.05; 37.9 ± 5.2 vs. 46.1 ± 5.1, P &lt; 0.05; and 120.5 ± 9.2 vs. 159.3 ± 14.7/mm2, P &lt; 0.01, respectively) and PTH−/− (33.0 ± 1.2 vs. 47.5 ± 2.2 mg/mm2, P &lt; 0.001; 23.8 ± 3.1 vs. 35.9 ± 2.0, P &lt; 0.05; and 78.7 ± 10.1 vs. 99.8 ± 13.6/mm2, P &lt; 0.05, respectively), and were highest in the PTH+/− pups fed by the PTH+/− dams on the high-Ca diet. These results indicate that PTH can modulate Ca content of milk, and that PTH and Ca can each exert cooperative roles on osteoblastic bone formation in the neonate. PTH can modulate calcium content of maternal milk, and PTH and calcium exert cooperative roles on osteoblastic bone formation in the neonate.

scholarly journals Comparative study of bone regeneration using fibrin sealant with xenograft in rabbit sinus: pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Hyuk Choi ◽  
Yong-Deok Kim ◽  
Jae-Min Song ◽  
Sang-Hun Shin
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Fibrin Sealant ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Stability of the grafted bone volume is one of the important factors to the success of alveolar bone grafts. For this, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or fibrin sealant is mixed with the bone graft material. Bio-Oss® is a protein-free bovine mineral commonly used in bone graft procedures. The grafting particles are commonly combined with a standard fibrin sealant (Tisseel®) to fabricate a plastic implantable product. The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the efficacy of fibrin sealant (Tisseel®) in bone regeneration performance in a rabbit maxillary sinus model. Methods A total of five 3.5 kg weight New Zealand white rabbits were used for the study. After elevating the sinus membrane in both maxillary sinus cavities, Bio-Oss® mixed with normal saline (group 1) was filled into the right side, and Tisseel® mixed Bio-Oss® (group 2) was inserted into the other side. The bone mineral density and bone volume were analyzed with microscopic computed tomography (micro-CT) and histomorphometric 12 weeks after application. Results Histologically, new bone formation rate was 14.8%, and grafted bone rate was 70.5% in group 1. In group 2, they were 18.5% and 60.4%, respectively. According to micro-CT analysis, bone mineral density (mg/cm3, BMD) was 2.5% larger in group 1. Conclusions The findings from this study suggest that, although the difference in the bone formation between group 1 and group 2 appears to be insignificant, group 2 had an advantage in using smaller amount of bone substances to achieve the reliable bone formation.

scholarly journals AB0910 SARCOPENIA AND BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN MEN WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1757.2-1757
Author(s):  
T. Raskina ◽  
I. Grigoreva ◽  
J. Averkieva ◽  
A. Kokov ◽  
V. Masenko
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Objectives:To examine bone mineral density (BMD) in men with coronary heart disease (CHD), depending on the state of the muscle mass, strength and function.Methods:79 men aged over 50 years with verified CHD were examined (mean age 63 (57; 66) years).The BMD and T-criterion (standart deviation, SD) of the femoral neck and lumbar spine (L1-L4) were evaluated using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) on the Lunar Prodigy Primo bone densitometer (USA). The following reference intervals were used: normal BMD values (T-criterion ≥-1), osteopenia (OPe) (T-criterion from -1 to -2.5), and osteoporosis (OP) (T-criterion <-2.5).To assess muscle mass, the total area (cm2) of the lumbar muscles of the axial section at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra (L3) was determined using multispiral computed tomography on a 64-slice computer tomograph “Somatom Sensation 64” (Siemens AG Medical Solution, Germany). The ratio of the obtained index of the area of skeletal muscle to the square of the patient’s growth index determined the “ skeletalmuscular index L3” (SMI). The media considered the threshold value to be 52.4 cm2/m2.Results:The femoral neck BMD in the examined patients was 0.96 (0.89; 1.03) g/cm2, which corresponds to -0.50 (-1.00; 0) SD according to the T-criterion, in the lumbar spine -1.23 (1.11; 1.32) g/cm2and 0.4 (-0.50; 1.20) SD according to the T-criterion.In accordance with the recommendations of the European working group on sarcopenia in Older people (EWGSOP, 2010, 2018), the patients were divided into 3 groups: 31 patients without sarcopenia (group 1), 21 patients with isolated muscle loss (presarcopenia) (group 2) and 27 patients with sarcopenia (group 3).BMD in the femoral neck in the group of patients without sarcopenia was 0.96 (0.72; 1.26) g/cm2, which corresponds to -0.50 (-0.8; 0.2) SD according to the T-criterion, in the lumbar spine – 1.19 (1.10; 1.275) g/cm2and 0.1 (-0.6; 0.8) SD according to the T-criterion. BMD in the femoral neck in the group of patients with presarcopenia (group 2) – 0.995 (0.94; 1.04) g/cm2and -0.3 (-0.70; 0) SD according to the T-criterion, in the lumbar spine – 1.32 (1.24; 1.40) g/cm2and 1.20 (0.50; 1.90) SD according to the T-criterion. In patients with established sarcopenia (group 3), the following indicators of BMD and T-criterion were recorded: 0.95 (0.845; 0.98) g/cm2and -0.60 (-1.40; -0.40) SD and 1.23 (0.085; 1.31) g/cm2and 0.4 (-0.8; 1.1) SD in the femoral neck and lumbar spine, respectively.A comparative analysis of the results of the DXA found that patients with sarcopenia had a significant decrease in the BMD and T-criterion in the femoral neck compared to patients with presarcopenia (p=0.039 and p=0.040, respectively). There were no differences between the groups of patients without sarcopenia and with sarcopenia and presarcopenia (p>0.05).It was found that patients with sarcopenia had significantly lower BMD and T-criterion in the lumbar spine compared to patients with presarcopenia (p=0.017 and p=0.0165, respectively). The values of the BMD and T-criterion in the groups of patients without sarcopenia and with presarcopenia and sarcopenia in the lumbar spine were comparable (p>0.05).Conclusion:The presence of sarcopenia is associated with loss of BMD in the femoral neck and in the lumbar spine. The results obtained confirm the high probability of common pathogenetic links between OP and sarcopenia.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Teriparatide Increases Bone Formation and Bone Mineral Density in Adult Women With Anorexia Nervosa

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 1322-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouneh K. Fazeli ◽  
Irene S. Wang ◽  
Karen K. Miller ◽  
David B. Herzog ◽  
Madhusmita Misra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Mineral Density

scholarly journals Decreased Bone Volume and Bone Mineral Density in the Tibial Trabecular Bone Is Associated with Per2 Gene by 405 nm Laser Stimulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 27401-27410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeong-Min Yoo ◽  
Myung-Han Lee ◽  
Ji Park ◽  
Dong-Hyun Seo ◽  
Sangyeob Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Laser Stimulation

scholarly journals NADPH Oxidase Contributes to Resistance against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-Induced Periodontitis in Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antje Bast ◽  
Helen Kubis ◽  
Birte Holtfreter ◽  
Silvia Ribback ◽  
Heiner Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a Gram-negative commensal bacterium of the oral cavity which has been associated with the pathogenesis of periodontitis with severe alveolar bone destruction. The role of host factors such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates in periodontal A. actinomycetemcomitans infection and progression to periodontitis is still ill-defined. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the role of NADPH oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in a murine model of A. actinomycetemcomitans-induced periodontitis. NADPH oxidase-deficient (gp91phox knockout [KO]), iNOS-deficient (iNOS KO), and C57BL/6 wild-type mice were orally infected with A. actinomycetemcomitans and analyzed for bacterial colonization at various time points. Alveolar bone mineral density and alveolar bone volume were quantified by three-dimensional micro-computed tomography, and the degree of tissue inflammation was calculated by histological analyses. At 5 weeks after infection, A. actinomycetemcomitans persisted at significantly higher levels in the murine oral cavities of infected gp91phox KO mice than in those of iNOS KO and C57BL/6 mice. Concomitantly, alveolar bone mineral density was significantly lower in all three infected groups than in uninfected controls, but with the highest loss of bone density in infected gp91phox KO mice. Only infected gp91phox KO mice revealed significant loss of alveolar bone volume and enhanced inflammatory cell infiltration, as well as an increased number of osteoclasts. Our results indicate that NADPH oxidase is important to control A. actinomycetemcomitans infection in the murine oral cavity and to prevent subsequent alveolar bone destruction and osteoclastogenesis.

EFFECTS OF BISPHOSPHONATES ON OSTEOPOROSIS INDUCED BY DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1477-1485
Author(s):  
Wen-bin Zheng ◽  
Yi Dai ◽  
Jing Hu ◽  
Di-chen Zhao ◽  
Ou Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Zoledronic Acid ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Density

Objective: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe X-linked progressive neuromuscular disease that brings a significantly increased risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures. We prospectively evaluated the effects of oral and intravenous bisphosphonates on the bones of children with DMD. Methods: This study included a total of 52 children with DMD. They were divided into zoledronic acid (ZOL), alendronate (ALN), and control groups according to bone mineral density (BMD) and history of fragility fractures. For 2 years, all patients took calcium, vitamin D, and calcitriol. Meanwhile, 17 patients received infusions of ZOL, and 18 patients received ALN. BMD, serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX) were evaluated. Results: After 24 months of treatment, the percentage changes in lumbar spine BMD were 23.2 ± 9.7% and 23.6 ± 8.8% in the ZOL and ALN groups (all P<.01 vs. baseline). The increases did not differ between the ZOL and ALN groups, but were significantly larger than those of the control group ( P<.01). Serum β-CTX and ALP levels, respectively, were decreased by 44.4 ± 18.0% and 31.9 ± 26.7% in the ZOL group and by 36.0 ± 20.3% and 25.8 ± 14.4% in the ALN group (all P<.01 vs. baseline). Conclusion: Zoledronic acid and alendronate had similar protective effects to increase bone mineral density and reduce bone resorption in children with DMD, which were superior to treatment of calcium, vitamin D, and calcitriol. Abbreviations: 25OHD = 25 hydroxyvitamin D; ALN = alendro-nate; ALP = alkaline phosphatase; ALT = alanine aminotransferase; BMD = bone mineral density; BP = bisphosphonate; Ca = calcium; β-CTX = cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen; DMD = Duchenne muscular dystrophy; FN = femoral neck; GC = glucocorticoid; LS = lumbar spine; ZOL = zoledronic acid

scholarly journals Bone Mineral Density Accrual Determines Energy Expenditure with Refeeding in Anorexia Nervosa and Supersedes Return of Menses

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Sum ◽  
Laurel Mayer ◽  
Michelle P. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Nutritional Rehabilitation ◽  
Mineral Density

Osteopenia and osteoporosis are major complications of anorexia nervosa (AN). Since bone is a tissue requiring large amounts of energy, we examined the disproportionate increase in resting energy expenditure (REE) that occurs with refeeding of AN patients to determine if it was related to bone accretion. Thirty-seven AN patients aged23.4±4.8years underwent a behavioral weight-gain protocol lasting a median of 66 days; 27 remained amenorrheic, and 10 regained menses. Sixteen controls aged25.1±4.7years were age- and % IBW matched with patients. REE was measured using a respiratory chamber-indirect calorimeter. Significant correlations were found between REE and changes in spine (r=0.48,P<0.02) and leg (r=0.43,P<0.05) BMDs in AN patients. Further subgroup analysis of the amenorrheics revealed significant correlation between REE and change in spine BMD (r=0.59,P<0.02) and higher IGF-1 after weight gain compared to controls. Amenorrheics also had lower BMDs. These findings were absent in the regained menses group. The increase in REE seen in women with AN during nutritional rehabilitation may be related to active bone formation, which is not as prominent when menses have returned.

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