Properties of WCCo Composites Produced by the SPS Method Intended for Cutting Tools for Machining of Wood-Based Materials

This paper presents the possibility of using the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) method to obtain WCCo composite materials. Such materials are used as cutting blades for machining wood-based materials. Two series of composites, different in grain size and cobalt content, were analyzed in the paper. The produced materials were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and tribological properties were determined. In addition, preliminary tests were carried out on the durability of the blades made of sintered WCCo composites while machining three-layer chipboard. The results of the microstructure analysis proved that the SPS method makes it possible to obtain solid composites. Phase analysis showed the occurrence of the following phases: WC, Co, and Co3W9C4. The lowest friction coefficient value was found in samples sintered using powder with an average primary particle size of 400 nm (ultrafine).

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Effect of the Dwell Temperature on Spark Plasma Sintered CaCu3Ti4O12

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.982 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 727-728 ◽

pp. 982-987

Author(s):

E. de Carvalho ◽

Marcelo Bertolete ◽

Izabel Fernanda Machado ◽

E.N.S. Muccillo

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Lattice Parameter ◽

Solid State Reactions ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Diffraction Patterns ◽

Scanning Electron

Polycrystalline CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics were prepared by solid state reactions by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. In this study, the effects of the dwell temperature on structural, microstructural and dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics have been investigated. Powder mixtures were calcined at 900°C for 18 h before SPS consolidation. The dwell temperatures were 850, 900, 915 and 930°C. Sintered pellets were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and impedance spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction patterns show evidences of a single-phase perovskite-type structure. The calculated lattice parameter is 7.40 Å. The hydrostatic density increases slightly with increasing dwell temperature. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed a heterogeneous microstructure for all samples. The dielectric loss remains constant over a wide temperature range. The obtained permittivity is approximately 103 at 1 kHz. The increase of the dwell temperature is found to produce a brittle ceramic.

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THE GROWTH OF MnSi1.73 PREPARED BY SPARK PLASMA SINTERING

International Journal of Modern Physics B ◽

10.1142/s0217979204023702 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 18 (01) ◽

pp. 87-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

ZHIMIN WANG ◽

YIDONG WU ◽

YUANJIN HE

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Mechanical Pressure ◽

Growth Processes ◽

X Ray ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Scanning Electron

Crystals of MnSi 1.73 were prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) technique, analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and invested by metalogragh and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The growth processes of the samples were studied. It was found that the Mn–Si powders partly formed MnSi 1.73 crystals at 912–937 K under the mechanical pressure of 20 MPa in low vacuum (about 5.0 Pa), and fully formed MnSi 1.73 crystals after sintered at 1173 K for 15 minutes under 40 MPa.

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TiCN-Based Cermets Strengthened with SiC Nano-Whiskers by Spark Plasma Sintering

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.932 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 512-515 ◽

pp. 932-935

Author(s):

Ying Peng ◽

Zhi Jian Peng ◽

Xiao Yong Ren ◽

Hui Yong Rong ◽

Cheng Biao Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Mechanical Properties ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Addition Amount ◽

Scanning Electron

TiCN-based cermets with different amounts of SiC nano-whiskers were prepared by spark plasma sintering. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-prepared cermets were investigated. X-ray diffraction revealed that there were no SiC peaks detected, turning out some peaks of new carbide and silicate hard phases. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that there were more and more pores in the cermets with increasing amount of SiC whisker added, and the fracture mechanism of the cermets was mainly inter-granular fracture. With increasing addition amount of nano-SiC whisker, the hardness and flexural strength of the cermets increased first and decreased then, presenting the highest hardness (2170 HV) and flexural strength (750 MPa), respectively, when the addition content of nano-whiskers is 2.5 wt%.

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The Synthesis of Nano-Structured TiO2 Ceramics by Modified Two Step Sintering

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.500.29 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 500 ◽

pp. 29-33

Author(s):

Bao Rang Li ◽

Xin Ming Xi ◽

Yang Bai

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Particle Size ◽

Average Particle Size ◽

Average Particle ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Scanning Electron

The nano-TiO2powders with the average particle size of about 40nm were used as starting materials. The compacted powders were firstly performed in Spark-plasma-sintering (SPS) at a high temperature and then sintered in air for hours at a relatively low temperature. The obtained samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed an obvious reduction in grain size was achieved by taking advantage of modified two step sintering (MTSS). The value of the relative grain growth d/do for the samples prepared by MTSS was less than 3.

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Microstructure and thermoelectric properties of CuInSe2/In2Se3 compound

Modern Physics Letters B ◽

10.1142/s0217984918500185 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (03) ◽

pp. 1850018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kang Wang ◽

Jing Feng ◽

Zhen-Hua Ge ◽

Peng Qin ◽

Jie Yu

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Solvothermal Method ◽

Chalcopyrite Structure ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Scanning Electron

CuInSe2 powders were synthesized by solvothermal method, and then the CuInSe2/In2Se3 bulk samples were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. To investigate the phase composition, the powders were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The microstructures of the powders and bulk samples were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The transportation of the electronic properties and thermal conductivity were measured at room temperature to 700 K. According to the results, the CuInSe2 powders appeared in flower-like patterns which ranged from 3 [Formula: see text]m to 6 [Formula: see text]m. CuInSe2 powders were synthesized at 180[Formula: see text]C with a chalcopyrite structure. The Seebeck coefficient increased significantly in composite thermoelectric materials up to [Formula: see text] at 623 K. The thermal conductivity of the sample significantly decreases from the room temperature to 700 K. The CuInSe2 bulk composite by solvothermal method achieves the highest ZT value of 0.187 at 700 K.

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Spark Plasma Sintering of Paper-Derived Ti3AlC2-Based Composites: Influence of Sintering Temperature

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1016.1790 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1016 ◽

pp. 1790-1796

Author(s):

Maxim Syrtanov ◽

Egor Kashkarov ◽

Tatyana Murashkina ◽

Nahum Travitzky

Keyword(s):

Phase Composition ◽

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Sintering Temperature ◽

Total Content ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Carbide Phases ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Scanning Electron

This paper describes the influence of sintering temperature on phase composition and microstructure of paper-derived Ti3AlC2 composites fabricated by spark plasma sintering. The composites were sintered at 100 MPa pressure in the temperature range of 1150-1350 °C. Phase composition and microstructure were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The multiphase structure was observed in the sintered composites consisting of Ti3AlC2, Ti2AlC, TiC and Al2O3 phases. The decomposition of the Ti3AlC2 phase into Ti2AlC and TiC carbide phases was observed with temperature rise. The total content of Ti3AlC2 and Ti2AlC phases was reduced from 84.5 vol.% (1150 °C) to 69.5 vol.% (1350 °C). The density of composites affected by both the content of TiC phase and changes in porosity.

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Fullerene-Metal Composites: Phase Transformations During Milling and Sintering

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.172-174.727 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 172-174 ◽

pp. 727-732 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ileana Irais Santana ◽

Francisco Carlos Robles Hernandez ◽

Vicente Garibay-Febles ◽

Hector A. Calderon

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Mechanical Properties ◽

Phase Transformations ◽

Mechanical Milling ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Metal Composites ◽

X Ray ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Spark Plasma

Composites of Fe-C60and Al C60produced by mechanical milling and sinterized by Spark Plasma Sintering are investigated with special attention to the mechanical properties of the products. The processing involves phase transformations of the fullerenes that are interesting to follow and characterize. This involves formation of tetragonal/rhombohedral diamond and carbides during sintering and milling. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Raman Spectroscopy techniques are also used to confirm preliminary results of X Ray Diffraction (XRD) related to the formation of nanostructures i.e., grain size of the crystals during mechanical milling and after sintering, spatial distribution of phases and the different phases that are developed during processing.

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Interactions between AlN and SiAlON Ceramics

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.403.97 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 403 ◽

pp. 97-98

Author(s):

A. Kalemtas ◽

Nurcan Calis Acikbas ◽

Ferhat Kara ◽

Hasan Mandal ◽

Kristoffer Krnel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Aspect Ratio ◽

Reaction Zone ◽

High Aspect Ratio ◽

X Ray ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Reaction Region ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Scanning Electron

In the present study, interactions between AlN and SiAlON laminated couples were investigated after gas pressure (GPS) and spark plasma sintering (SPS) by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX) with the aim to produce laminated composites. In the laminated couples sintered by GPS, a significant reaction zone (~100-150 μm), containing a high aspect ratio of elongated polytypoid grains, was observed at the interface. However, in the case of laminated couples sintered by SPS, a considerably thin reaction region (~2-3 μm) was observed, elongated polytypoid grain formations were also detected.

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Effect of TiC Content on Fracture Toughness of TiC-Ti5Si3 Composites

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.280-283.1885 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 280-283 ◽

pp. 1885-1888 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lian Jun Wang ◽

Wan Jiang ◽

Sheng Qiang Bai ◽

Li Dong Chen

Keyword(s):

Fracture Toughness ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Reactive Sintering ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Indentation Tests ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Scanning Electron

In-situ toughened TiC-Ti5Si3 composites were fabricated using reactive sintering of Ti and SiC via spark plasma sintering (SPS). The focus of this work on the content of TiC in final composites was different. The phase constituents and microstructures of the samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fracture toughness at room temperature was also measured by indentation tests. The results showed that the corporation of TiC greatly enhances the fracture toughness of TiC-Ti5Si3 composites.

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Behavior of Intermetallic Compounds of Al-Ti Composite Manufactured by Spark Plasma Sintering

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12020331 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 331 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kwangjae Park ◽

Dasom Kim ◽

Kyungju Kim ◽

Seungchan Cho ◽

Hansang Kwon

Keyword(s):

Intermetallic Compounds ◽

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Electron Probe ◽

High Hardness ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Formation Behavior ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Scanning Electron

In this research, we successfully fabricate high-hardness and lightweight Al-Ti composites. Al-Ti composites powders with three compositions (Al-20, 50, and 80 vol.% Ti) are mixed using ball milling and subsequently subjected to spark plasma sintering (SPS). The microstructures and phases of the Al-Ti composites are characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, and field emission-electron probe microanalysis (FE-EPMA). These tests confirm the presence of several intermetallic compounds (ICs) (Al3Ti, Al5Ti2, Al11Ti5) in the composites, and we are able to confirm that these ICs are produced by the reaction of Al and Ti during the SPS process. Furthermore, thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) is used to analyze the formation behavior of the ICs. In addition, the mechanical properties of the composites are measured using their Vickers hardness and it is observed that the Al-80 vol.% Ti composite exhibits the highest hardness. Consequently, it is assumed that SPS is suitable for fabricating Al-Ti composites which represent the next-generation materials to be used in various industrial fields as high-hardness and lightweight materials.

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