scholarly journals Recent Progress on Molecular Photoacoustic Imaging with Carbon-Based Nanocomposites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 5643
Author(s):  
Songah Jeong ◽  
Su Woong Yoo ◽  
Hea Ji Kim ◽  
Jieun Park ◽  
Ji Woo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Current State ◽  
Diagnosis Therapy ◽  
Carbon Based

For biomedical imaging, the interest in noninvasive imaging methods is ever increasing. Among many modalities, photoacoustic imaging (PAI), which is a combination of optical and ultrasound imaging techniques, has received attention because of its unique advantages such as high spatial resolution, deep penetration, and safety. Incorporation of exogenous imaging agents further amplifies the effective value of PAI, since they can deliver other specified functions in addition to imaging. For these agents, carbon-based materials can show a large specific surface area and interesting optoelectronic properties, which increase their effectiveness and have proved their potential in providing a theragnostic platform (diagnosis + therapy) that is essential for clinical use. In this review, we introduce the current state of the PAI modality, address recent progress on PAI imaging that takes advantage of carbon-based agents, and offer a future perspective on advanced PAI systems using carbon-based agents.

scholarly journals Recent Trends in Photoacoustic Imaging Techniques for 2D Nanomaterial-Based Phototherapy

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Woo Yeup Jeong ◽  
Moon Sung Kang ◽  
Haeni Lee ◽  
Jong Hun Lee ◽  
Jeesu Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Process ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Imaging Systems ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Deep Imaging ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Recent Trends

A variety of 2D materials have been developed for therapeutic biomedical studies. Because of their excellent physicochemical properties, 2D materials can be used as carriers for delivering therapeutic agents into a lesion, leading to phototherapy. Various optical imaging techniques have been used for the monitoring of the treatment process. Among these, photoacoustic imaging has unique advantages including relatively deep imaging depth and large field of view with high spatial resolution. In this review article, we summarize the types of photoacoustic imaging systems used for phototherapy monitoring, then we explore contrast-enhanced photoacoustic images using 2D materials. Finally, photoacoustic image-guided phototherapies are discussed. We conclude that 2D material-based phototherapy can be efficiently monitored by photoacoustic imaging techniques.

Reward Contributions to Serotonergic Functions

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixiang Liu ◽  
Rui Lin ◽  
Minmin Luo
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Dynamic Environments ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Neural Computation ◽  
Brain Serotonin ◽  
Current State ◽  
Serotonin Neurons ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Dorsal Raphé

The brain serotonin systems participate in numerous aspects of reward processing, although it remains elusive how exactly serotonin signals regulate neural computation and reward-related behavior. The application of optogenetics and imaging techniques during the last decade has provided many insights. Here, we review recent progress on the organization and physiology of the dorsal raphe serotonin neurons and the relationships between their activity and behavioral functions in the context of reward processing. We also discuss several interesting theories on serotonin's function and how these theories may be reconciled by the possibility that serotonin, acting in synergy with coreleased glutamate, tracks and calculates the so-called beneficialness of the current state to guide an animal's behavior in dynamic environments.

Recent applications of TEM to the study of interfaces

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-309
Author(s):  
C. Barry Carter
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Diffuse Scattering ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Current State ◽  
Actual Nature ◽  
High Resolution Images

This paper will review the current state of understanding of interface structure and highlight some of the future needs and problems which must be overcome. The study of this subject can be separated into three different topics: 1) the fundamental electron microscopy aspects, 2) material-specific features of the study and 3) the characteristics of the particular interfaces. The two topics which are relevant to most studies are the choice of imaging techniques and sample preparation. The techniques used to study interfaces in the TEM include high-resolution imaging, conventional diffraction-contrast imaging, and phase-contrast imaging (Fresnel fringe images, diffuse scattering). The material studied affects not only the characteristics of the interfaces (through changes in bonding, etc.) but also the method used for sample preparation which may in turn have a significant affect on the resulting image. Finally, the actual nature and geometry of the interface must be considered. For example, it has become increasingly clear that the plane of the interface is particularly important whenever at least one of the adjoining grains is crystalline.A particularly productive approach to the study of interfaces is to combine different imaging techniques as illustrated in the study of grain boundaries in alumina. In this case, the conventional imaging approach showed that most grain boundaries in ion-thinned samples are grooved at the grain boundary although the extent of this grooving clearly depends on the crystallography of the surface. The use of diffuse scattering (from amorphous regions) gives invaluable information here since it can be used to confirm directly that surface grooving does occur and that the grooves can fill with amorphous material during sample preparation (see Fig. 1). Extensive use of image simulation has shown that, although information concerning the interface can be obtained from Fresnel-fringe images, the introduction of artifacts through sample preparation cannot be lightly ignored. The Fresnel-fringe simulation has been carried out using a commercial multislice program (TEMPAS) which was intended for simulation of high-resolution images.

Recent progress on carbon-based composite materials for microwave electromagnetic interference shielding

Carbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 304-331
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Sumanta Sahoo ◽  
Ednan Joanni ◽  
Rajesh K. Singh ◽  
Wai Kian Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference Shielding ◽  
Carbon Based

Recent progress of nanostructured metal chalcogenides and their carbon-based hybrids for advanced potassium battery anodes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Li ◽  
Rui Sun ◽  
Zhaoxia Qin ◽  
Xinlong Liu ◽  
Caihong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Metal Chalcogenides ◽  
Nanostructured Metal ◽  
Carbon Based

Investigation on rechargeable potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) has been revitalized owing to the unique characteristics of abundant reserves and comparable energy density over lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which holds huge potential for...

scholarly journals Endoscopic Spine Surgery: Current State of Art and the Future Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Seok Min Moon ◽  
Sakthivel Rajan Rajaram Manoharan
Keyword(s):  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Endoscopic Spine Surgery ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Future ◽  
State Of Art

scholarly journals Recent advances in applications of multimodal ultrasound-guided photoacoustic imaging technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
Yunfeng Zhao ◽  
Ye Xu
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Infrared Region ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Imaging Mode ◽  
Nonlinear Imaging ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is often performed simultaneously with ultrasound imaging and can provide functional and cellular information regarding the tissues in the anatomical markers of the imaging. This paper describes in detail the basic principles of photoacoustic/ultrasound (PA/US) imaging and its application in recent years. It includes near-infrared-region PA, photothermal, photodynamic, and multimode imaging techniques. Particular attention is given to the relationship between PAI and ultrasonic imaging; the latest high-frequency PA/US imaging of small animals, which involves not only B-mode, but also color Doppler mode, power Doppler mode, and nonlinear imaging mode; the ultrasonic model combined with PAI, including the formation of multimodal imaging; the preclinical imaging methods; and the most effective detection methods for clinical research for the future.

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