scholarly journals Influence of Alkali Activator Type on the Hydrolytic Stability and Intumescence of Inorganic Polymers Based on Waste Glass

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Adrian Ionut Nicoara ◽  
Alina Ioana Badanoiu
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Hydrolytic Stability ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Inorganic Polymers ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Waste Glass Powder ◽  
Calcium Silicates

The main objective of this study is the synthesis and characterization of low cost alkali-activated inorganic polymers based on waste glass (G-AAIPs) using a mixture of NaOH and Ca(OH)2 as alkali activators, in order to improve their hydrolytic stability. This paper also presents detailed information about the influence of composition determined by X Ray Diffraction (XRD), microstructure determined by Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) and processing parameters on the main properties of G-AAIP pastes. The main factors analyzed were the glass fineness and the composition of the alkaline activators. The influence on intumescent behavior was also studied by heat treating of specimens at 600 °C and 800 °C. The use of Ca(OH)2 in the composition of the alkaline activator determines the increase of the hydrolytic stability (evaluated by underwater evolution index) of the G-AAIP materials compared to those obtained by NaOH activation. In this case, along with sodium silicate hydrates, calcium silicates hydrates (C-S-H), with good stability in a humid environment, were also formed in the hardened pastes. The highest intumescence and an improvement of hydrolytic stability (evaluated by underwater evolution index and mass loss) was achieved for the waste glass powder activated with a solution containing 70% NaOH and 30% Ca(OH)2. The increase of the waste glass fineness and initial curing temperature of G-AAIPs have a positive effect on the intumescence of resulted materials but have a reduced influence on their mechanical properties and hydrolytic stability.

Influence of Curing Temperature on Metakaolin-Based Geopolymers

2014 ◽  
Vol 775-776 ◽  
pp. 210-215
Author(s):  
Danúbia Lisbôa da Costa ◽  
Romualdo Rodrigues Menezes ◽  
Gelmires Araújo Neves ◽  
Sandro Marden Torres
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Inorganic Polymers ◽  
Flexural Test ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Natural Minerals ◽  
Application Potential

Geopolymers, also known as inorganic polymers, are aluminosilicates with cementing characteristics that have great application potential. They are produced by the alkaline activation of aluminosilicates precursors such as industrial wastes, calcined clays, natural minerals, among others and have their properties intimately associated to characteristics of the precursor materials and curing conditions. In this sense, this study aims to evaluate the mechanical behavior of geopolymers obtained from metakaolin according to the curing temperature. The geopolymerization was reached by the mixture of metakaolin with NaOH and the curing of the specimens was held at room temperature, 60°C and 100°C. The specimens were characterized by X-ray diffraction, mercury intrusion porosimetry, and SEM. The mechanical strength was determined by flexural test. The results show that the process of geopolymerization suffers a direct influence of the curing temperature used.

Evaluation of Glass Powder-Based Geopolymer Stabilized Road Bases Containing Recycled Waste Glass Aggregate

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Xiao ◽  
Pawel Polaczyk ◽  
Miaomiao Zhang ◽  
Xi Jiang ◽  
Yiyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Powder ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Behaviors ◽  
Recycled Materials ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Waste Glass Powder ◽  
Glass Aggregate ◽  
Pavement Base ◽  
Recycled Waste

As the concept of sustainable pavement gains prominence, a growing number of industrial wastes and recycled materials have been utilized in the pavement industry to preserve natural resources. This study investigates the potential use of waste glass powder-based geopolymer cement as a stabilizing agent in recycled waste glass aggregate (GA) bases. Two recycled materials, waste glass powder (GP) and class F fly ash (FF), were used as the raw materials in the preparation of geopolymer. Virgin aggregate (VA) was replaced by GA at varying replacement ratios as the pavement base materials, and the mechanical behaviors before and after geopolymer stabilization were evaluated. Without stabilization, the incorporation of over 10% GA caused significant detrimental effects on the California bearing ratios (CBR) of base materials, which should be carefully managed in pavement construction. However, all geopolymer stabilized samples showed decent strength properties, indicating the effectiveness of geopolymer stabilization. The use of GA reduced the drying shrinkage of base samples, although the mechanical properties were compromised. During the sample preparation, a higher curing temperature and relative humidity resulted in better mechanical behaviors, and the surface of GA could dissolve in alkaline solution and involve in the geopolymerization at 40°C. The microstructure and minerology of geopolymer stabilizer of base materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray defraction (XRD) analyses. This study confirmed the promise of using waste glass-based pavement base materials as the greener substitutes and the potential synergy between waste glass recycling and the pavement industry.

Synthesis of colloidal nanosilica from waste glass powder as a low cost precursor

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (18) ◽  
pp. 22692-22697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Asadi ◽  
Reza Norouzbeigi
Keyword(s):  
Glass Powder ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Waste Glass Powder

scholarly journals Effects of Temperature in Different Initial Duration Time for Soft Clay Stabilized by Fly Ash Based Geopolymer

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 2082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdalla Mohammed Shihab ◽  
Jasim M Abbas ◽  
Amer M Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Volumetric Strain ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Duration Time ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
High Calcium Fly Ash ◽  
Edx Analyses

When soft clay soils are included in engineering projects, it’s stabilized usually with some kinds of admixtures named as stabilizers. The common stabilizers that highly practiced are OPC, lime, high calcium fly ash (FA), etc. Each one of these stabilizers has its shortcomings. Geopolymers are the product of alkali activated aluminosilicate sources that excelled as an alternative to ordinary binders due to its sustainability, low cost and good mechanical properties. This study investigates the effects of some key elements like liquid over fly ash ratio (Liq/FA), initial duration curing time (D) and its temperature to soil – FA based Geopolymers samples characterized by its unconfined compressive strength testing (UCS), volumetric measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). The Liq/FA taken as 2.71, 3.167, 3.8 and 4.75 respectively and the duration time taken were 1, 6, 18 and 24 hrs. respectively. The tests results showed that the maximum peak strength gain when Liq/FA is 3.8 at 90 oC with 24 hrs. D. It was observed that Young’s Modulus increased with increasing curing temperature for certain D. Volumetric strain increased by increasing D and its temperature. SEM and XRD analyses confirmed the Geopolymers gels formation for a selective precursor while EDX analyses showed that silicon over aluminium ratio is 1.38 for selective spectrum within the gel to the same mixture. 

scholarly journals Alkali Activated Mortars with Intumescent Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Ionut Nicoara ◽  
Alina Badanoiu ◽  
Magdalena Balanoiu ◽  
Alexandra Mathias ◽  
Georgeta Voicu
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Mechanical Processing ◽  
Inorganic Polymers ◽  
Passive Fire Protection ◽  
Waste Glass Powder ◽  
New Type ◽  
Alkali Activated

The paper presents the properties of a new type of alkali activated borosilicate inorganic polymers (AABSIPs) resulted by the activation of waste glass powder and fly ash with alkaline solutions. The alkali activators used in this study were mixtures of borax decahydrate with NaOH and KOH solutions. For the preparation of AABSIP mortars two types of aggregates were used i.e. sand and a waste resulted during the mechanical processing of titanium alloy ingots. The thermal treatment of these pastes and mortars determines an intumescent process i.e. significant increase of volume; consequently, these materials could be used as low-cost fire stopper blocks for passive fire protection of buildings.

AISI 1030

Alloy Digest ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Plain Carbon Steel ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Medium Strength ◽  
Hot Rolled

Abstract AISI 1030 is a plain carbon steel containing nominally 0.30% carbon. It is used in the hot-rolled, normalized, oil-quenched-and-tempered or water-quenched-and-tempered conditions for general-purpose engineering and construction. It provides medium strength and toughness at low cost. Among its many uses are axles, bolts, gears and building sections. All data are on a single heat of fine-grain steel. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: CS-94. Producer or source: Carbon and alloy steel mills.

INCONEL ALLOY X-750

Alloy Digest ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Chromium Alloy ◽  
Cryogenic Temperatures ◽  
Inconel Alloy ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Corrosion And Oxidation

Abstract INCONEL alloy X-750 is an age-hardenable, nickel-chromium alloy used for its corrosion and oxidation resistance and high creep rupture strength at temperature up to 1500 F. It also has excellent properties at cryogenic temperatures. It was originally developed for use in gas turbines, but because of its low cost, high strength and weldability it has become the standards choice for a wide variety of applications. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep and fatigue. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-115. Producer or source: Huntington Alloy Products Division, An INCO Company.

ALGOMA AR225

Alloy Digest ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Brinell Hardness ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Rolled Plate ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
High Carbon Content

Abstract Algoma AR225 is a carbon steel developed primarily to supply a low-cost material for high-abrasion applications. It is furnished in the form of as-rolled plate with a relatively high carbon content (0.35-0.45%). AR-225 is sold on the basis of chemical analysis only; the number 225 signifies the approximate Brinell hardness. On thicknesses one-half inch and over, this Brinell value may be lower than 225 because of higher finishing temperatures. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-138. Producer or source: Algoma Steel Corporation Ltd.

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