scholarly journals Grape Berry Detection and Size Measurement Based on Edge Image Processing and Geometric Morphology

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Lufeng Luo ◽  
Wentao Liu ◽  
Qinghua Lu ◽  
Jinhai Wang ◽  
Weichang Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Corner Detection ◽  
Edge Image ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Berry Size ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Geometric Morphology

Counting grape berries and measuring their size can provide accurate data for robot picking behavior decision-making, yield estimation, and quality evaluation. When grapes are picked, there is a strong uncertainty in the external environment and the shape of the grapes. Counting grape berries and measuring berry size are challenging tasks. Computer vision has made a huge breakthrough in this field. Although the detection method of grape berries based on 3D point cloud information relies on scanning equipment to estimate the number and yield of grape berries, the detection method is difficult to generalize. Grape berry detection based on 2D images is an effective method to solve this problem. However, it is difficult for traditional algorithms to accurately measure the berry size and other parameters, and there is still the problem of the low robustness of berry counting. In response to the above problems, we propose a grape berry detection method based on edge image processing and geometric morphology. The edge contour search and the corner detection algorithm are introduced to detect the concave point position of the berry edge contour extracted by the Canny algorithm to obtain the best contour segment. To correctly obtain the edge contour information of each berry and reduce the error grouping of contour segments, this paper proposes an algorithm for combining contour segments based on clustering search strategy and rotation direction determination, which realizes the correct reorganization of the segmented contour segments, to achieve an accurate calculation of the number of berries and an accurate measurement of their size. The experimental results prove that our proposed method has an average accuracy of 87.76% for the detection of the concave points of the edge contours of different types of grapes, which can achieve a good edge contour segmentation. The average accuracy of the detection of the number of grapes berries in this paper is 91.42%, which is 4.75% higher than that of the Hough transform. The average error between the measured berry size and the actual berry size is 2.30 mm, and the maximum error is 5.62 mm, which is within a reasonable range. The results prove that the method proposed in this paper is robust enough to detect different types of grape berries.

scholarly journals Altered Light Interception Reduces Grape Berry Weight and Modulates Organic Acid Biosynthesis During Development

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 957-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth DeBolt ◽  
Renata Ristic ◽  
Patrick G. Iland ◽  
Christopher M. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Berry Weight ◽  
Berry Size ◽  
Organic Acid Content

The response of grape berries at a cellular level to environmental change was explored with particular emphasis on physiological changes such as weight, sugar content, and the biosynthesis of organic acids. Three levels of light were used: highly exposed, moderately exposed, and light-excluding boxes (1% ambient with no change in temperature effect). Berry weight was significantly lower in light-excluding boxes than in exposed bunch treatments. Organic acid content and berry development were followed throughout the growing season. Light exclusion resulted in a significant reduction of both tartaric acid and oxalic acid compared with highly exposed fruit, suggesting that in this experiment, light irradiance influenced accumulation of these metabolites. In contrast, malic acid was broken down postveraison at a dramatically slower rate in light exclusion treatments. The sink properties of grape berries appear to change according to the light received by the bunch. These data imply that cluster shading significantly reduced berry size and suggest the role of organic acids as osmotica.

scholarly journals Visual Locating of Reactor in an Industrial Environment Using the Composite Method

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
Chenguang Cao ◽  
Qi Ouyang ◽  
Jiamu Hou ◽  
Liming Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Corner Detection ◽  
Industrial Environment ◽  
Experimental Systems ◽  
Binocular Stereo ◽  
Image Morphology ◽  
Hole Model ◽  
Set Up

To achieve an automatic unloading of a reactor during the sherardizing process, it is necessary to calculate the pose and position of the reactors in an industrial environment with various amounts of luminance and floating dust. In this study, the defects of classic image processing methods and deep learning methods used for locating the reactors are first analyzed. Next, an improved You Only Look Once(YOLO) model is employed to find the region of interest of the handling hole and a handling hole corner detection method based on the image morphology and a Hough transform is presented. Finally, the position and pose of the reactors will be obtained by establishing a 3D handling hole model according to the principle of a binocular stereo system. To test the performance of the proposed method, a set of experimental systems was set up and experiments were conducted. The results indicate that the proposed location method is effective and the precision of the position recognition can be controlled to within 4.64 mm and 1.68 ° when the cameras are approximately 5 m away from the reactor, meeting the requirements.

scholarly journals Characterization and Action Mechanism Analysis of VvmiR156b/c/d-VvSPL9 Module Responding to Multiple-Hormone Signals in the Modulation of Grape Berry Color Formation

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 896
Author(s):  
Ziwen Su ◽  
Xicheng Wang ◽  
Xuxian Xuan ◽  
Zilu Sheng ◽  
Haoran Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Anthocyanin Synthesis ◽  
Structural Genes ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Color Formation ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Ripening Stages ◽  
Color Conversion ◽  
Hormone Signals

In recent years, more and more reports have shown that the miR156-SPL module can participate in the regulation of anthocyanin synthesis in plants. However, little is known about how this module responds to hormonal signals manipulating this process in grapes. In this study, exogenous GA, ABA, MeJA, and NAA were used to treat the ‘Wink’ grape berries before color conversion, anthocyanin and other related quality physiological indexes (such as sugar, aroma) were determined, and spatio-temporal expression patterns of related genes were analyzed. The results showed that the expression levels of VvmiR156b/c/d showed a gradually rising trend with the ripening and color formation of grape berries, and the highest expression levels were detected at day 28 after treatment, while the expression level of VvSPL9 exhibited an opposite trend as a whole, which further verifies that VvmiR156b/c/d can negatively regulate VvSPL9. Besides, VvmiR156b/c/d was positively correlated with anthocyanin content and related genes levels, while the expression pattern of VvSPL9 showed a negative correlation. Analysis of promoter cis-elements and GUS staining showed that VvmiR156b/c/d contained a large number of hormone response cis-elements (ABA, GA, SA, MeJA, and NAA) and were involved in hormone regulation. Exogenous ABA and MeJA treatments significantly upregulated the expression levels of VvmiR156b/c/d and anthocyanin structural genes in the early stage of color conversion and made grape berries quickly colored. Interestingly, GA treatment downregulated the expression levels of VvmiR156b/c/d and anthocyanin structural genes in the early color-change period, but significantly upregulated in the middle color-change and ripening stages, therefore GA mainly modulated grape berry coloring in the middle- and late-ripening stages. Furthermore, NAA treatment downregulated the expression levels of VvmiR156b/c/d and anthocyanin structural genes and delayed the peak expression of genes. Meanwhile, to further recognize the potential functions of VvmiR156b/c/d, the mature tomato transient trangenetic system was utilized in this work. Results showed that transient overexpression of VvmiR156b/c/d in tomato promoted fruit coloring and overexpression of VvSPL9 inhibited fruit coloration. Finally, a regulatory network of the VvmiR156b/c/d-VvSPL9 module responsive to hormones modulating anthocyanin synthesis was developed. In conclusion, VvmiR156b/c/d-mediated VvSPL9 participated in the formation of grape color in response to multi-hormone signals.

Image detection and parameterization for different components in cross-sections of radial tires

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110236
Author(s):  
Chen Liu ◽  
Yude Dong ◽  
Yanli Wei ◽  
Jiangtao Wang ◽  
Hongling Li
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Digital Image Processing ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Vehicle Safety ◽  
Wire Steel ◽  
Good Detection

The internal structure analysis of radial tires is of great significance to improve vehicle safety and during tire research. In order to perform the digital analysis and detection of the internal composition in radial tire cross-sections, a detection method based on digital image processing was proposed. The research was carried out as follows: (a) the distribution detection and parametric analysis of the bead wire, steel belt, and carcass in the tire section were performed by means of digital image processing, connected domain extraction, and Hough transform; (b) using the angle of location distribution and area relationship, the detection data were optimized through coordinate and quantity relationship constraints; (c) a detection system for tire cross-section components was designed using the MATLAB platform. Our experimental results showed that this method displayed a good detection performance, and important practical significance for the research and manufacture of tires.

scholarly journals Models Applied to Grapevine Pests: A Review

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Federico Lessio ◽  
Alberto Alma
Keyword(s):  
Lobesia Botrana ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Homalodisca Vitripennis ◽  
Flavescence Dorée ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Scaphoideus Titanus ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Definition Of

This paper reviews the existing predictive models concerning insects and mites harmful to grapevine. A brief conceptual description is given on the definition of a model and about different types of models: deterministic vs. stochastics, continuous vs. discrete, analytical vs. computer-based, and descriptive vs. data-driven. The main biological aspects of grapevine pests covered by different types of models are phenology, population growth and dynamics, species distribution, and invasion risk. A particular emphasis is put on forecasting epidemics of plant disease agents transmitted by insects with sucking-piercing mouthparts. The most investigated species or groups are the glassy-winged sharpshooter Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) and other vectors of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa, a bacterium agent of Pierce’s disease; the European grape berry moth, Lobesia botrana (Denis and Schiffermuller); and the leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus Ball, the main vector of phytoplasmas agents of Flavescence dorée. Finally, the present and future of decision-support systems (DSS) in viticulture is discussed.

scholarly journals Insights in genetic diversity of German and Italian grape berry moth (Eupoecilia ambiguella) populations using novel microsatellite markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Reineke ◽  
Alberto Pozzebon ◽  
Olivia Herczynski ◽  
Carlo Duso
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Eupoecilia Ambiguella ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Significant Divergence ◽  
Lepidopteran Pest

AbstractThe grape berry moth Eupoecilia ambiguella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is causing significant damage to grape berries, however, little is known on population genetics of this lepidopteran pest insect, hindered so far by the lack of suitable molecular markers. Here we report on the development of ten microsatellite markers of which six were used to characterise 21 E. ambiguella populations obtained from two viticultural regions in Germany and Italy. Moths were sampled during two subsequent generations (flights) in the same vineyard as well as in vineyards surrounded by different landscape types. German and Italian populations were genetically differentiated and a significant isolation by distance was evident. No significant divergence was observed among the populations from first or second flight moths, however, inbreeding was higher in first than in second flight populations. Moreover, inbreeding was influenced by habitat composition and complexity of landscape around vineyards, being positively associated with the percentage of area covered by grapevine. Population genetics of E. ambiguella could thus be affected by the presence of alternative host plants in viticultural landscapes, which is important in the light of both insecticide resistance management and sustainable pest management.

IMAGE PROCESSING VIA CNN GENES WITH VON NEUMANN NEIGHBORHOODS

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3999-4006 ◽  
Author(s):  
FENG-JUAN CHEN ◽  
FANG-YUE CHEN ◽  
GUO-LONG HE
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Edge Detection ◽  
Vertical Line ◽  
Corner Detection ◽  
Line Detection ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
Center Point ◽  
Better Than

Some image processing research are restudied via CNN genes with five variables, and this include edge detection, corner detection, center point extraction and horizontal-vertical line detection. Although they were implemented with nine variables, the results of computer simulation show that the effect with five variables is identical to or better than that with nine variables.

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