scholarly journals Adaptive Control of Fuel Cell Converter Based on a New Hamiltonian Energy Function for Stabilizing the DC Bus in DC Microgrid Applications

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phatiphat Thounthong ◽  
Pongsiri Mungporn ◽  
Serge Pierfederici ◽  
Damien Guilbert ◽  
Nicu Bizon
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Function ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel Cell ◽  
Dc Microgrid ◽  
Power Load ◽  
Dc Bus ◽  
Bus Voltage ◽  
Multi Phase

DC microgrid applications include electric vehicle systems, shipboard power systems, and More Electric Aircraft (MEA), which produce power at a low voltage level. Rapid developments in hydrogen fuel cell (FC) energy have extended the applications of multi-phase parallel interleaved step-up converters in stabilizing DC bus voltage. The cascade architecture of power converters in DC microgrids may lead to large oscillation and even risks of instability given that the load converters considered as loads feature constant power load (CPL) characteristics. In this article, the output DC bus voltage stabilization and the current sharing of a multi-phase parallel interleaved FC boost converter is presented. The extended Port-Hamiltonian (pH) form has been proposed with the robust controller by adding an integrator action based on the Lyapunov−Energy function, named “Adaptive Hamiltonian PI controller”. The stability and robustness of the designed controller have been estimated by using Mathematica and Matlab/Simulink environments and successfully authenticated by performing experimental results in the laboratory. The results have been obtained using a 2.5 kW prototype FC converter (by two-phase parallel interleaved boost converters) with a dSPACE MicroLabBox platform. The FC main source system is based on a fuel reformer engine that transforms fuel methanol and water into hydrogen gas H2 to a polymer electrolyte membrane FC stack (50 V, 2.5 kW).

scholarly journals A hybrid power system based on fuel cell, photovoltaic source and supercapacitor

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seydali Ferahtia ◽  
Ali Djerioui ◽  
Samir Zeghlache ◽  
Azeddine Houari
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Dc Microgrid ◽  
Storage Element ◽  
Load Variations ◽  
Management Algorithm ◽  
Controversial Topic ◽  
Management Method ◽  
Dc Bus ◽  
Bus Voltage

Abstract In this study, we present an ameliorated power management method for dc microgrid. The importance of exploiting renewable energy has long been a controversial topic, and due to the advantages of DC over the AC type, a typical DC islanded micro-grid has been proposed in this paper. This typical microgrid is composed of two sources: fuel cell (FC), solar cell (PV) and one storage element [supercapacitor (SC)]. Here, we aimed to provide a management strategy that guarantees optimized bus voltage with arranged power-sharing between the sources. This proposed management aims to provide high-quality energy to the load under different loading conditions with variable solar irradiance, taking into account the FC state. Due to the slow dynamics of the FC, the SC was equipped to supply the transient period. A management algorithm is implemented to hold the DC bus voltage stable against the load variations. The management controller is based on differential flatness approach to generate the references. The DC bus is regulated by the SC energy; to reduce the fluctuations in the DC bus voltage, The PI controller is implemented. This proposed strategy reduces the voltage ripple in the DC bus. Moreover, it provides permanent supplying to the load with smooth behaviour over the sudden changes in the demand as depicted in the simulation results. Our study revealed that this proposed manager can be used for this kind of grids easily.

scholarly journals A Virtual Inertia-Based Power Feedforward Control Strategy for an Energy Router in a Direct Current Microgrid Application

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuyang Li ◽  
Qiuye Sun ◽  
Danlu Wang ◽  
Sen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Feedforward Control ◽  
Voltage Fluctuation ◽  
Dc Microgrid ◽  
Power Load ◽  
Virtual Inertia ◽  
Bus Voltage

Due to the uncertainty of the power load and the randomness of distributed generations, low-voltage direct current (LVDC) bus voltage fluctuation will greatly affect the safety of an energy router-enabled direct current (DC) microgrid. In this paper, a power feedforward control strategy based on a dual active bridge (DAB) DC/DC converter in an energy router-based DC Microgrid is proposed. Based on this strategy, the LVDC bus voltage is controlled by virtual inertia control of the DC microgrid, instead of by the DAB converter. Thus, two benefits of the proposed strategy can be achieved: the power feedforward control can be realized, to mitigate the voltage fluctuation range of the LVDC bus; and the modulation algorithm in the DAB converter can be simplified. Experimental results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control method.

scholarly journals Impact of Information and Communication Technology Limitations on Microgrid Operation

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Saleh ◽  
Yusef Esa ◽  
Mohamed El Hariri ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technology ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Matlab Simulation ◽  
Dc Microgrid ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Dc Bus ◽  
Bus Voltage ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

This paper provides an extensive review of the conducted research regarding various microgrids (MGs) control techniques and the impact of Information Communication Technology (ICT) degradation on MGs performance and control. Additionally, this paper sheds the light on the research gaps and challenges that are to be explored regarding ICT intrinsic-limitations impact on MGs operations and enhancing MGs control. Based on this assessment, it offers future prospects regarding the impact of ICT latencies on MGs and, consequently, on the smart grid. Finally, this paper introduces a case study to show the significance and examine the effect of wireless communication technologies latency on the converters and the DC bus voltage of a centralized controlled DC MG. A DC microgrid with its communication-based control scheme was modeled to achieve this goal. The MATLAB simulation results show that the latency impact may be severe on the converter switches and the DC bus voltage. Additionally, the results show that the latency impact varies depending on the design of the MG and its operational conditions before the latency occurs.

Application of SCES in Improving Dynamic Response of DC Microgrid Bus Voltage

2014 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 431-434
Author(s):  
Yuan Sheng Xiong ◽  
Jian Ming Xu
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Feedforward Control ◽  
Dc Microgrid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Supercapacitor Energy Storage ◽  
Response Performance ◽  
Dc Bus ◽  
Bus Voltage ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

To improve the stability of DC bus voltage in DC microgrid, and reduce the impact on microgrid equipments by the DC bus voltage fluctuations, a supercapacitor energy storage (SCES) is designed to connect to the DC bus by the bi-directional converter. The controller is designed by the feedforward control and proportional method with the deadband. The great load disturbance is simulated in PSIM software when the DC microgrid operates in the grid-connected rectification mode. The simulation results show that SCES under the proposed control strategy can reduce the fluctuation range of the DC bus voltage in a wide range of load disturbances, and the dynamic response performance of DC bus voltage is improved.

DC Bus Instability Driving by Photovoltaic Source with Constant Power Load

2013 ◽  
Vol 313-314 ◽  
pp. 853-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.N.M. Nasir ◽  
Awang Jusoh ◽  
Alias Khamis
Keyword(s):  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Constant Power ◽  
Dc Voltage ◽  
Power Load ◽  
Dc Bus ◽  
Bus Voltage ◽  
Lc Filter ◽  
Constant Power Load

This study presented the DC bus instability in distributed power system driving by Photovoltaic (PV) source with constant power load (CPL). The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of PV source towards the performances of DC bus voltage stability using constant power load. The system first was tested using linear DC supply as voltage source and CPL was modeled and connected to the voltage source through LC filter network. A passive damping circuit was chosen to stabilize the DC bus instability. The system was repeated using PV source. PV array was modeled based on the parameters obtained from a commercial PV data sheet. A circuitry simulation was performed under the similar design excluding the DC source in order to investigate DC bus instability. Results showed that the stability of DC bus become unstable when using linear DC voltage supply and slightly affected when using PV source. The instability phenomenon due to the negative incremental impedance of a constant power load can be overcome by using damping technique. For linear DC voltage source, DC bus voltage system tends to oscillate. However, with PV source which is actually a current source input seems not much affecting the DC bus voltage stability.

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