A Modern Industrial Policy for the Czech Republic: Optimizing the Structure of Production

The decreased demand for new vehicles will put pressure on the economy of the Czech Republic, a country deeply integrated into global value chains, as part of global vehicle production. The aim of this research was to define an appropriate industrial policy for the Czech Republic that will ensure that the country maintains its competitive position in the global market. A constrained optimization model was built, based on input–output analysis, to determine the optimal value-added structure and the intersectoral structure of the Czech economy for the country to retain its exporting character. The optimization problem was solved by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm. The results suggest that the optimal industrial policy plan for the country is the structural transformation of production, mainly targeting the development of technologically advanced sectors of manufacturing (such as: chemicals and chemical products; basic pharmaceutical products; computer, electronic, and optical products; electrical equipment; and machinery and equipment). The suggested restructuring process increased the domestic value-added in gross exports as a share of total exports by 6.77%, creating optimal production capabilities for the economy. The Czech Republic appears to have the potential for the implementation of an industrial policy, avoiding the increasingly vulnerable motor-vehicle sector.

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Synergy of interfunctional cooperation and services in companies producing electrical equipment and electronic components in the Czech Republic: pilot study

Oeconomia Copernicana ◽

10.24136/oc.2018.022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 441-459

Author(s):

Eva Tomášková ◽

Lucie Kaňovská ◽

Josef Bednář

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Market Orientation ◽

Business Performance ◽

Value Added ◽

Electrical Equipment ◽

Service Differentiation ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Electronic Components ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Positive Effect

Research background: Interfunctional coordination (IFC) is a part of market orientation and at the same time an approach which helps to improve cooperation between different departments or functions in a company. Market orientation is an approach aimed at external and internal elements and activities leading to performance increase. Services offered by a manufacturer are activities complementing their products. Manufacturers can benefit from the service differentiation and use it to design alternative marketing strategies. Generally, IFC and services — contributes to higher positive effect on business performance. For this reason, it is interesting to know if synergy of IFC and services have a higher positive effect on business performance. Purpose of the article: This article aims to determine how IFC and services at manufacturing companies in the Czech Republic influence business performance. The research question is as follows: Does the synergy of IFC and services in companies producing electrical equipment and electronic components have a higher positive effect on business performance? Methods: Sixty SME’s filled in a questionnaire to gather information about IFC and services. For measurement of correlation for two variables, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was chosen. Regression analysis was used for measuring the synergy. Findings & Value added: The main finding shows that the synergy of the quantities observed has not been confirmed, although some of the following relations were approved such as a positive relationship between: a) some items of IFC and items of business performance, b) some items of services and items of business performance and c) items of IFC and items of services. The result of the paper shows further consequences of IFC and services in today’s manufacturing companies.

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The impact of corporate social responsibility on business competitiveness

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/20219206017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 92 ◽

pp. 06017

Author(s):

Marcela Kožená ◽

Martin Mlázovský

Keyword(s):

Corporate Social Responsibility ◽

Czech Republic ◽

Social Responsibility ◽

Open Economy ◽

Value Added ◽

Business Environment ◽

Global Market ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Corporate Social ◽

The Impact

Research background: The social and environmental problems of the current globalised world are primarily targeted on the South and Southeast Asian business environment. However, according to the idea “think global, act local”, practices of Czech local business also contribute to the global environment. Purpose of the article: The Czech Republic is classified as a small open economy in the final stage of a transformation into a market economy, and on the top of that, it is also a member of the European Union. Thus, the Czech Republic is very dependent on the global market. Firstly, this paper is focused on analysing the Czech businesses’ attitude to competitiveness with special emphasis on corporate social responsibility. Secondly, there is predicated the future approach of the Czech managers to CSR. Methods: Primary research is based on individual structured interviews with Czech managers on the top and middle level (n=15). The interviews were conducted from February to May 2020 via a combination of face to face and distance communication. Findings & Value added: The results indicate that the Czech business mostly does not perceive CSR as a key factor of corporate competitiveness. However, the significant part of the interviewees considers CSR as moderately important and what is more, they predicate the upward trend of this factor. In addition, corporate social responsibility is often associated with other factors of competitiveness – more precisely to customer loyalty and innovation capability. Moreover, all the corporations stated that they apply at least some of the CSR principles in their ordinary course of business.

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Analysis of the development of the economic account for agriculture of the Czech Republic

Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) ◽

10.17221/5017-agricecon ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 52 (No. 5) ◽

pp. 205-208

Author(s):

J. Klíma ◽

M. Palát Sn

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Value Added ◽

Plant Production ◽

Reference Period ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Agricultural Industry ◽

Increasing Trend ◽

Production Output ◽

Net Value Added

The paper is focused on assessing the development of the economic account for agriculture of the Czech Republic in the selected reference period 1998–2003. There were evaluated effects of the particular types of the economic accounts. Methods of regression and correlation analysis and development trends were used for the mathematical-statistical analysis. The plant production output similarly as the output of agricultural industry show an increasing tendency since the period under investigation reaching a peak about 2001 and in next years decreasing in difference to the gross value added at basic prices and the net value added at basic prices which shows an increasing trend throughout the period. Both animal output and the agricultural services output show a decreasing trend reaching a minimum about 2002. 

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Bioeconomy in the National Forest Strategy: A Comparison Study in Germany and the Czech Republic

Forests ◽

10.3390/f11060608 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 608 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ratna Chrismiari Purwestri ◽

Miroslav Hájek ◽

Miroslava Šodková ◽

Mathy Sane ◽

Jan Kašpar

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Forest Policy ◽

Forest Biomass ◽

Value Added ◽

Adoption Process ◽

National Forest ◽

Comparison Study ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

European Forest

Background and Objectives: Forest-based bioeconomies have been adopted as the national forest strategies in many European countries. However, in the Czech Republic, the bioeconomy has not been officially included in national policies. The main objective of the paper was to review the current forest policy in the Czech Republic in meeting the purposes of the European forest-based bioeconomy. To better understand the opportunities and shortcomings of the forest strategy and the implementation of a forest-based bioeconomy in the country, a comparison study in the Czech Republic and Germany was also carried out. Methods: A review of the forest strategies was done based on the following research questions: (1) How are the bioeconomy principles and priorities present in the Czech National Forest Programme (NFP) as reflected in the EU Forest Strategy, and how does the Czech forest strategy compare to that in Germany? (2) What is the situation concerning the national wood production and consumption to understand the opportunities and challenges of the bioeconomy implementation in the studied countries? Results: The Czech NFP was approved following the pan-European process for the protection of forests in Europe; therefore, it does not directly reflect the 2012 bioeconomy principles, although most of these approaches have been included in this strategy. Different national measures in two studied countries were revealed to achieve the objectives of the forest bioeconomy. The primary contribution from the Czech forestry to the bioeconomy is sustainable forest-based products. A forest bioeconomy is also targeted at mitigating climate change by providing forest biomass for bioenergy. Conclusions: The Czech Republic is in the midst of the adoption process of the bioeconomy strategy. The main challenges faced by the forest-based sector in the country is to fulfil the demand for sustainable forest biomass and high value-added products. Multisectoral collaboration, business diversification, and education for public consumers are needed to increase the growth and job opportunities of the bioeconomy sector in rural areas.

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Modelling direct payments to agriculture in a CGE Framework – analysis of the Czech Republic

Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) ◽

10.17221/57/2010-agricecon ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 57 (No. 11) ◽

pp. 517-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Z. Křístková ◽

A. Habrychová

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Policy Instruments ◽

Value Added ◽

Complete Removal ◽

Living Standard ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Positive Role ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Direct Payments ◽

Positive Effect

The paper deals with modelling of the direct payments subsidies to agriculture and their impact on the economy of the Czech Republic. With the use of the general equilibrium model, scenarios concerning an increase of subsidies reaching 100% of the national envelope and a complete removal of both SAPS and Top-Up payments are applied. The results show that if the full amount of subsidies is granted, the value added in agriculture and the connected sectors is stimulated, with a positive effect on the total GDP. However, if the direct payments are completely removed, negative effects on employment can be expected, suggesting that the direct payments play a positive role in the economy. The paper further points out that the effects of direct payments on the incomes of farmer households are limited, suggesting that the farmers’ living standard should be supported by other policy instruments than the direct payments

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The impact of LFA payments on FADN farms in the Czech Republic

Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) ◽

10.17221/275-agricecon ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 54 (No. 10) ◽

pp. 489-497 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. Štolbová ◽

T. Hlavsa

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Current System ◽

Value Added ◽

Farm Income ◽

Family Farm ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Data Network ◽

Farm Accountancy Data Network ◽

The Impact ◽

Net Value Added

This paper analyses the impact of the LFA payments on farms economic results on the basis of the Farm Accountancy Data Network in the Czech Republic. Firstly, the approaches are compared to the structure of farms based on the LFA type. Secondly, the share of the LFA payments on economic results of farms is evaluated. The evaluation considers the LFA type, share of grassland, size of the eligible area of farms. Basic economic indicators are being monitored, such as Gross Farm Income, Farm Net Value Added, Family Farm Income, current subsidies, of which in particular the LFA payments. The share of the LFA payments in economic results of agricultural holdings is compared. As a result of the analysis, the winners and losers of the current system were defined.

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The research and development in the engineering field in the higher education system of the Czech Republic and its international comparison

Ergo ◽

10.1515/ergo-2016-0001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 3-11

Author(s):

Zdeněk Kučera ◽

Tomáš Vondrák

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Czech Republic ◽

Value Added ◽

Evaluation Methodology ◽

Necessary Condition ◽

Industrial Property ◽

Foreign Markets ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Positive Balance ◽

The World

Abstract The Czech Republic is at the forefront of the EU in the contribution of the manufacturing to the total gross value added. The Czech industry contributes significantly to the positive balance of trade of the country. The overall international competitiveness of the Czech Republic will depend upon the innovation performance of the manufacturing sector and its competitiveness on the foreign markets. A necessary condition for extending the share on the foreign markets is the effective harnessing of the national R&D capacity and a strong qualified local workforce. This contribution uses a bibliometric and a patent analysis for the assessment of the R&D carried out by the Czech higher education institutions (HEIs) oriented towards the engineering fields, and selected more general universities, and compares them with similar HEIs in a selected group of developed countries. The analysis indicates that the Czech publication activity in the field of engineering grows. The Czech publications in engineering are cited below the world average which indicates that their impact (and to some extent the quality of the underlying R&D) lags behind the world. The patent activity of the Czech HEIs is on the international scale rather weak. The patenting activity of the Czech HEIs strongly grows since the middle of the last decade. This may by a side effect of the new evaluation methodology which takes into account also the patents. The number of patents registered with the Czech Industrial Property Office increases but on the other hand the international patenting activities tend to stagnate. This gives rise to questions about the real value of the produced patents from the point of their importance for the export competitiveness of the Czech industry.

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Differences in the perception of corporate culture as a motivational tool in the SME sector

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/20219207032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 92 ◽

pp. 07032

Author(s):

Iveta Kmecova ◽

Michal Tlusty

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Corporate Culture ◽

Value Added ◽

Employee Motivation ◽

Primary Data ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Mean Values ◽

Sample Test ◽

Specific Calculations

Research background: The paper points out the differences in the motivation of employees in SMEs in terms of corporate culture as a motivational tool. The primary goal of the paper is to draw conclusions from hypotheses that analyse corporate culture as a motivational tool. Literary research outlines the issue of personnel activities focusing on the corporate culture as a motivational tool for SMEs in the Czech Republic. The practical part of the paper shows the whole course of specific calculations and evaluation of established hypotheses. At the end of the solution of each hypothesis, its rejection or confirmation is displayed, and this is justified by other methods that confirm this decision. Purpose of the article: The main purpose of the article is to confirm or reject predetermined hypotheses concerning small and medium-sized enterprises. A specific evaluation of the hypotheses will help to raise the profile of possible problems of small and medium-sized enterprises in the areas of employee motivation. Methods: Primary data for this article were obtained using an online questionnaire. The data are evaluated using a statistical method comparing the mean values of the samples, specifically using a statistical one-sample test. The research sample consisted of a total of 220 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Czech Republic. Findings & Value added: The results of the research will confirm or not confirm whether corporate culture is an important motivating tool for small and medium-sized enterprises and whether or not it differs depending on the division of enterprises according to different scales.

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Supporting Producer Groups – Increasing Producer’s Value Aded?

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica ◽

10.2478/sab-2018-0020 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 142-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. Kotyza ◽

K. Tomsik ◽

K. Elisova ◽

A. Hornowski

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Slovak Republic ◽

Value Added ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Relative Ease ◽

Programming Period

Abstract Cooperation between entities can be the basis for improved competitiveness. The Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic were able to draw on EU funds to support the formation of producer groups. Main objective was to investigate whether the funds have led to an increase of value added of products placed on the market. In the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic during the reporting period the sum of 44 million EUR was provided to support the establishment of marketing organizations, 305 producer groups were supported. Many of the supported entities are no longer active. In the Czech Republic, only 15 entities are still operating, but they do not have a significant impact on the increase of value added of the agricultural sector. In the Slovak Republic, entities supported in the first programming period (2004–2006) have a higher share of the generated value added. During the second funding period (2007–2013), the supported groups showed a negative value added. Given the characteristics of supported groups, the number of successfully supported groups, the reported features and the total value of generated value added, it can be suggested that most of the entities were established due to the relative ease of fundraising.

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Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Codes of Ethics of Companies in the Czech Republic Operating Nationally or Internationally

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/20219208005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 92 ◽

pp. 08005

Author(s):

Zdeněk Caha ◽

Michaela Ruso ◽

Michaela Procházková

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Code Of Ethics ◽

Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽

Value Added ◽

Codes Of Ethics ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Industrial Sectors ◽

Corporate Social ◽

Level Of Importance

Research background: Ethical conduct is considered a pillar of strength within the context of corporate social responsibility. The basic tool for achieving this is a code of ethics, which should form the basis for the ethical management of any company. Globalisation and internationalisation have brought with them the need to have a high-quality code of ethics in place, one that is balanced in terms of content. Purpose of the article: The aim of the research presented in this contribution is to determine, by means of qualitative comparative analysis, to what extent codes of ethics meet key preconditions for efficacy. Methods: The analysis was carried out on a sample set of 40 companies from various industrial sectors, and of various size, ownership structure and origin. All the companies were active in the Czech Republic at the time. The main preconditions for determining the efficacy of a code of ethics, and which therefore formed the basis for the qualitative comparative analysis, were set in advance. Findings & Value added: The results of the analysis revealed that significant differences exist between companies with national and international spheres of activity with regards to the content and form of their codes of ethics. As a consequence, the preconditions for efficacy were judged not to have been fully met. The primary reason for the differences was the level of importance managements and owners of companies assign to a code of ethics and the emphasis they place on adherence to the provisions set forth in them.

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