scholarly journals Pensions, Ageing and Social Security Research: Literature Review and Global Trends

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 3258
Author(s):  
María del Carmen Valls Valls Martínez ◽  
José Manuel Santos-Jaén ◽  
Fahim-ul Amin ◽  
Pedro Antonio Martín-Cervantes
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Security Research ◽  
The Usa

Pension systems are one of the fundamental pillars of the welfare state. The ageing of the population caused by longer life expectancy and low birth rates has led to a crisis in the public pension system in developed countries. Changes for the system’s sustainability are necessary, and the scientific literature on the subject is abundant, especially in recent years. This article aims to carry out a bibliometric analysis of the research carried out to date, highlighting, in turn, future lines of research. The study was carried out on a total of 1287 articles published from 1936 to 2021 and found in the Scopus database. The SciMAT, VOSviewer, and Datawrapper tools were used to analyse the most important articles, authors, countries, and institutions by volume of production and citations, as well as the relationships between them. Likewise, the most important keywords and their evolution over time were highlighted, obtaining the main focus of the research. In addition to the general analysis, a specific study was carried out in the area of Mathematics. The results show that the leading countries are the United Kingdom, the USA, and the Netherlands. On the other hand, the lead subject area in which these articles have been published is Economics, Econometrics, and Finance. The research trends are sustainability, pension reform related to ageing, and pension insurance.

scholarly journals Bibliographic and content analysis of articles on education from Vietnam indexed in Scopus from 2009 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuong Huu Nguyen ◽  
Loc Thi My Nguyen ◽  
Trung Tran ◽  
Tien-Trung Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Equity In Education ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the bibliographic characteristics and content of articles on education published in Scopus-indexed journals by authors with Vietnamese affiliations from 2009 to 2018.Methods: Scopus was searched on July 6, 2019 using the search option “affiliation country,” with “Vietnam OR Viet Nam” as the country name, and “subject area” as “social sciences AND education.”Results: A total of 193 articles were identified. They were classified by publication year, co-authors’ country, affiliation, subarea, journal, and author. Content analysis of these articles demonstrated that the number of publications on education from Vietnam in Scopus increased rapidly during the last 10 years. The top five countries of co-authors were Australia, the USA, New Zealand, the UK, and the Netherlands. The main research subfields were English-language teaching, pedagogy, and educational management.Conclusion: Although Vietnamese education researchers collaborated with colleagues in developed countries to publish papers, there was still a lack of articles discussing global trends in education, such as cross-border education, equity in education, and international assessment programs.

scholarly journals The impact of globalization challenges on pension provision development

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Liliya Barannyk
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Pension Funds ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
State Pension ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes pension provision development in the world and the problems of its implementation under the globalization challenges. The main reasons for considering pension provision as a global problem are specified. It is noted that the negative manifestations of globalization are inherent in the Ukrainian practice of pension provision. The purpose of the paper is to study the world’s experience in reforming national pension systems under increasing global negative trends. The research was conducted using the methods of scientific knowledge: comparison and generalization – to establish the essential differences in approaches to the globalization processes studying; analysis and synthesis – to identify regularities in economic development and their determination of social consequences; historical and logical, as well as statistical methods. The article considers some countries’ experience in improving the practice of pension provision. It was established that pension reform was aimed at making the pension age most upon the individual achievements of an employee (pension insurance record, salary, deductions, other personal preferences). In most developed countries, pension funds are provided from three sources: state pension funds, corporate sector pensions and individual pensions received under a contract of personal voluntary pension accumulative insurance. Further development of the pension system in Ukraine should be provided due to the introduction of its second level. As a result of the study, it was found out that global challenges are problems that hinder the normal course of human development. They make a particular negative impact on pension provision. The search for methods to neutralize or mitigate the effects of global challenges has led many countries to introduce a three-tier pension system that involves funding from various sources.

scholarly journals REFORMING THE PENSION SYSTEM OF UKRAINE TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE EXPERIENCE OF POLAND

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-141
Author(s):  
T. Kravchenko ◽  
◽  
O. Moroz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Private Pension ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Investment Returns

The state, stages of formation and problems of the pension system of Ukraine are considered. The main directions of pension reform are identified, taking into account the experience of Poland. The attitude of citizens to the current state and readiness for changes in the pension system of Ukraine is analyzed. The survey showed that the respondents are ready and support the reform of the Ukrainian pension system and the introduction of the accumulative component, but there is a big problem in the form of distrust of private pension funds and private insurance companies. It is determined that the pension system is no longer able to withstand the load and requires changes in the near future. Analysis of the pension system has shown that it has always been formed taking into account only short-term objectives, which makes it ineffective in strategic terms. It is substantiated that without the growth of the welfare of the population, the de-shadowing of the labor market and the introduction of accumulative pension insurance, the financial condition of the Ukrainian solidarity pension system will deteriorate every year. However, along with the expected positive effect of the introduction of the accumulative component in Ukraine, there are also risks, as fluctuations and instability of the domestic economy may lead to deterioration of the banking sector and insurance companies, which will reduce investment returns in the system or even partial loss of pension savings. Two development scenarios (pessimistic and optimistic) for the pension system of Poland and Ukraine are analyzed. It is determined that for the successful reform of the old solidarity system of Ukraine into a cumulative one it is necessary to: ensure sustainable GDP growth; create a centralized information system for collecting contributions; to personify and register all insured persons in the Pension Fund; identify the needs for qualified personnel, equipment and funds needed to meet the requirements of the new system; provide absolutely all conditions for the effective implementation of the private pension system.

Modern pension and health insurance systems in Japan

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
Dmitry Maximovich Karpov
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
Insurance Premiums ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Pension Insurance System

The article substantiates the relevance of issues related to the functioning of social protection systems for the population of developed countries. The review and analysis of the modern pension system in Japan is made. The mechanism of recognition of Japanese citizens and foreign citizens residing in it as insured persons of a certain category and the mechanism of functioning of individual subsystems of the pension insurance system (in particular, basic pension, employee pension insurance, optional (additional) pension insurance system) are considered. The data on the absolute amounts and rates of insurance premiums, the formulas by which the monthly pension is calculated, and the conditions that must be met by insured persons to acquire the right to a pension (for old age, for disability, for the loss of a breadwinner) are given. The conditions for receiving and the amount of benefits for dependents and child benefits are indicated. The review and analysis of the modern health insurance system in Japan is made. The mechanism of functioning of individual subsystems of the pension insurance system (in particular, insurance at the place of work, insurance at the municipal level, insurance for persons aged 75 and over) is considered. The data on the absolute amounts and rates of insurance premiums, on the specifics of fi nancing the activities of public and private organizations, which, on the basis of the principles of non-commercial activity, provide medical services to the population of Japan are presented. The conditions for receiving and the amount of benefits for the birth of a child, for a funeral, for temporary disability are indicated. Attention is drawn to the distinctive features of the pension and health insurance systems in Japan. It is proposed to use the Japanese experience to reform the national systems of social protection of the population.

scholarly journals Modernising social care services for older people: scoping the United Kingdom evidence base

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
SALLY JACOBS ◽  
CHENGQIU XIE ◽  
SIOBHAN REILLY ◽  
JANE HUGHES ◽  
DAVID CHALLIS
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Older People ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Care For Older People

ABSTRACTIn common with other developed countries at the end of the 20th century, modernising public services was a priority of the United Kingdom (UK) Labour administration after its election in 1997. The modernisation reforms in health and social care exemplified their approach to public policy. The authors were commissioned to examine the evidence base for the modernisation of social care services for older people, and for this purpose conducted a systematic review of the relevant peer-reviewed UK research literature published from 1990 to 2001. Publications that reported descriptive, analytical, evaluative, quantitative and qualitative studies were identified and critically appraised under six key themes of modernisation: integration, independence, consistency, support for carers, meeting individuals' needs, and the workforce. This paper lists the principal features of each study, provides an overview of the literature, and presents substantive findings relating to three of the modernisation themes (integration, independence and individuals' needs). The account provides a systematic portrayal both of the state of social care for older people prior to the modernisation process and of the relative strengths and weaknesses of the evidence base. It suggests that, for evidence-based practice and policy to become a reality in social care for older people, there is a general need for higher quality studies in this area.

scholarly journals REFORMS OF FINANCING PENSION INSURANCE SYSTEM IN CONDITIONS OF TRANSITION

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Stojanović
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
Current System ◽  
Intergenerational Solidarity ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pension Insurance System

A serious crisis of the pension system has been present in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as in many other countries for many years. The current system, which functions on the concept of intergenerational solidarity is financially unsustainable, due to negative demographic and economic movements, as well as reduced number of the employed, and an increase in the number of pensioners. As the main objective of the pension system (the social security of citizens, ie protection against the risk of old age, disability and death) is not fulfilled, it seems that the reform of the pension system is necessary. It is necessary to answer the question: how to transform the pension system of intergenerational solidarity in a system of individual capitalized savings in a socially painless and affordable way?! The implementation of the pension reform aims to establish a long-term sustainable pension system that will provide quality protection from risk, old age, death, disability, and at the same time be consentaneous with economic and demographic movements andensure an adequate level of benefit to citizens in the later age.The aim of the paper is to define the wider, objective picture of the current state of the position of the pension system, as well as providing basic guidelines for the reform and development courses in the future.

scholarly journals Pension reform 2019: determinants, consequences, alternatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-44
Author(s):  
Sergey Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
Unemployment Benefits ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Support Ratio ◽  
Pension Age ◽  
The Right

The paper addresses, mostly with demographic tools, the rationale and consequences of the reform of Russia’s distributive pension system. Contrary to official assertions, mortality conditions do not warrant an increase of the pension age. The reference to a rapidly falling demographic support ratio as a rationale of the reform’s urgency is misleading. A rapid and large increase in the retirement age will considerably reduce the obligations of the Pension Fund of Russia, yet this will be far from enough to balance its budget. The reform creates a fundamentally new and difficult to implement task of ensuring the right to employment of persons deprived of the right to a pension. To the extent that this task can be accomplished, the Pension Fund of Russia and the State budget will be supplemented with additional revenues. At the same time, to the extent that this task remains unresolved, a social group of elderly people who are deprived of income will arise and continue to grow. For a limited time their life will be supported by unemployment benefits. Russia possesses large-scale alternative resources for resolving the pension problem, which consist, among other things, in increasing the collection of pension contributions, labor productivity and employment of the population, as well as in developing funded forms of pension insurance.

Visualizing Zika Virus Research Literature Through Bibliometric Mapping

2018 ◽  
pp. 95-107
Author(s):  
Usharani Munuswamy ◽  
J. John Jeyasekar
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Bibliometric Mapping ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Virus Research ◽  
Prolific Authors ◽  
Correlate Data

This study outlines a significant relationship between a spurt of research activity in the field and the outbreak of the Zika disease, for the purpose of visualizing the phenomenon. By using bibliographic research, it is possible to correlate data with this disease. To identify the hotspots of research the data is evaluated using the following parameters: literature growth since 1975; most prolific authors and their contributions; top contributing institution, country, and journal; identify co-authorship clusters of the authors and institutions; and finally, to create and examine co-word maps of the keywords. It is also found that under-developed countries like Senegal and Zambia have contributed to Zika research along with the USA, France and Germany. Forty-five per cent of the contributions are concentrated in six journals.

scholarly journals The Pension System in Ukraine – Some Aspects of Reforming

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (521) ◽  
pp. 176-183
Author(s):  
M. M. Furdak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Accumulation System ◽  
Asset Value ◽  
State Pension ◽  
Pension Payments ◽  
Compulsory State

This publication is aimed at studying the processes and defining the main problems in reforming the pension system of Ukraine. The article analyzes the state of functioning and development of three levels of pension provision at the present stage of socio-economic development of the country. It is determined that only level 1 actually works in Ukraine – the solidarity system of compulsory State-controlled pension insurance, while the mandatory accumulation system has not acquired its development, and the voluntary accumulation system has an extremely low share in the general pension system. Some financial results of the Pension Fund of Ukraine for 2020 and the approved budget for 2021 are analyzed. Substantiated conclusions have been drawn about the problems of the solidarity system, such as: the existing budget deficit of the Fund, which leads to the formation of its debts; low, socially unadapted level of pensions; disparities in the size of pensions assigned in different years. The rating of currently operating non-State pension funds of Ukraine (the third level of pension provision) are analyzed according to the criteria of asset value, number of participants, amounts of pension payments and profitability, as well as the dynamics of some basic indicators of their activity. It is determined that the functioning of the non-State pension system in the country is hampered, in particular, for psychological reasons due to the population’s distrust of non-State institutions. Since the second level of pension provision – the mandatory accumulation system – has not yet started working in the country and taking into account the problems of the first and third levels, a reasonable conclusion has been made on the inhibition of the pension reform in Ukraine and the need to intensify the work on the implementation of all three levels of pension provision in order to achieve a sufficient level of social protection of citizens.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE ESSENCE OF PENSION INSURANCE AND ITS PLACE IN THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL PROTECTION OF THE POPULATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliia Aleskerova ◽  
Olena Sакоvska ◽  
Yuliia Didenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
International Labour Organization ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Social

The purpose of this article is to deepen the analysis of theoretical and practical foundations of pension insurance for rural population, to substantiate its further reform and development. Theoretical aspects of pension insurance have been analyzed according to different scientific opinions of both the Ukrainian and foreign scientists, according to which pension insurance is considered a difficult category, and the diversity of its interpretation means that it has not been fully disclosed yet and remains the subject of research. Method. In most countries of the world, the same problems of the pension system as in our country have arisen. But thanks to pension reform, they have achieved successful results. Each country chose its own way of building a pension system based on its own demographic and socio-economic characteristics. However, despite this, the main task of any pension system is to protect against poverty and to provide a pension that can guarantee a decent standard of living for a pensioner. It is proved that to carry out effective pension protection policy in the country it is necessary to continue to study the essence of the concept of "pension insurance", as well as it is important and urgent to find ways to improve the reliability and effectiveness of mechanisms for ensuring the implementation of social guarantees in the pension insurance system. It is noted that insurance came about when humanity realized the danger that the environment hides. With regard to pension insurance, its formation took place in the context of the development of the entire insurance system. Results. The Ukrainian scholars in the field of pensions, exploring the nature and concept of pension insurance at the current stage of development, have determined that pension insurance is based on two important principles: the principle of solidarity and the principle of personal responsibility, also scientists focus on the principles put forward by the works on social protection of the population by the International Labour Organization, which are defined in the adopted Conventions of this organization. Value/originality. Analyzing the theoretical nature of pension insurance, one can determine that the essence of the social nature of pension insurance lies in the social protection of persons who have reached retirement age due to disability or loss of a breadwinner, pension insurance provides social security with minimal social security, approved by the International Labour Organization for the payment of pensions. Retirement insurance is also considered to be a complex category, and its diversity of treatment means that it is has not fully disclosed yet and remains a subject of study.

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