scholarly journals Optimization of Mordenite Membranes Using Sucrose Precursor for Pervaporation of Water-Ethanol Mixtures

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz A. Alomair ◽  
Yousef Alqaheem
Keyword(s):  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Selective Adsorption ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Carbon Membranes ◽  
Adsorption Of Water ◽  
High Separation

Post-treated mordenite membranes were prepared using sucrose (C12H22O11) as a carbon precursor to block any pinholes and defects in the zeolite layer. The pervaporation (PV) process was used to separate ethanol from the water. The effects of the sucrose concentration and the pyrolysis temperature (650–850 °C) were investigated, and the resulting high separation performance compared to those post/pre-treated membranes was reported in the literature. In this study, mordenite carbon membranes yielded a water/ethanol separation factor of 990.37 at a water flux of 9.10 g/m2h. The influence of the operating temperature on the performance of the membrane also was considered. It was concluded that the selective adsorption of water through zeolite pores was achieved. The entire preparation procedure was achieved using a rapid, low-cost preparation process.

Effect of pyrolysis temperature and operating temperature on the performance of nanoporous carbon membranes

2008 ◽  
Vol 322 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare J. Anderson ◽  
Steven J. Pas ◽  
Gaurav Arora ◽  
Sandra E. Kentish ◽  
Anita J. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Nanoporous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Membranes

scholarly journals Biochar/Kevlar Nanofiber Mixed Matrix Nanofiltration Membranes with Enhanced Dye/Salt Separation Performance

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Shiguo Gu ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Mixed Matrix Membranes ◽  
Mixed Matrix Membrane ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Mixed Matrix ◽  
High Separation

Mixed matrix membranes have received ever-growing attention due to their high separation performance, taking the advantages of both porous fillers and polymer backbones. However, limitations still exist due to the instability of polymers in harsh environments. Here, Kevlar aramid nanofibers, a nanoscale version of poly(paraphenylene terephthalamide), were applied to fabricate a nanofiltration membrane by a thermo-assisted phase inversion method due to their high mechanical strength, physical stability and resistance to solvents. Biochar was incorporated in the Kevlar nanofibers to evaluate its performance in dye/salt separation performance. The fillers’ distribution in the polymeric matrix, structural characteristics, and the interaction of fillers with the polymer in the membrane were characterized via SEM, FTIR, AFM and contact angle analysis. Under the optimal fabrication conditions, the obtained membrane exhibited a pure water flux of 3.83 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 with a dye rejection of 90.55%, 93.54% and 95.41% for Congo red, methyl blue and Reactive blue 19, respectively. Meanwhile, the mixed matrix membrane maintained a salt rejection of 59.92% and 85.37% for NaCl and Na2SO4, respectively. The obtained membrane with high separation performance suggested that Kevlar nanofiber and biochar are good candidates for membrane synthesis.

scholarly journals Recent progress for capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Yu ◽  
Xiaoyu Xu ◽  
Jinying Sun ◽  
Tianyan You
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Separation Science ◽  
Short Analysis Time ◽  
High Separation ◽  
Important Progress

AbstractCapillary electrophoresis (CE) is an attractive technique in separation science because of its high separation performance, short analysis time and low cost. Electrochemical detection (EC) is a powerful tool for CE because of its high sensitivity. In this review, developments of CE-EC from 2008 to August, 2011 are reviewed. We choose papers of innovative and novel results to demonstrate the newest and most important progress in CE-EC.

Low cost earthworm manure-derived carbon material for the adsorption of Cu 2+ from aqueous solution: Impact of pyrolysis temperature

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zhou ◽  
Zhanghong Wang ◽  
Dekui Shen ◽  
Fei Shen ◽  
Chunfei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Carbon Material ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Low Cost

scholarly journals Mechanisms and adsorption capacities of biochar for the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from industrial wastewater

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Ambaye ◽  
M. Vaccari ◽  
E. D. van Hullebusch ◽  
A. Amrane ◽  
S. Rtimi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Temperature Solution

AbstractCurrently, due to the rapid growth of urbanization and industrialization in developing countries, a large volume of wastewater is produced from industries that contain chemicals generating high environmental risks affecting human health and the economy if not treated properly. Consequently, the development of a sustainable low-cost wastewater treatment approach has attracted more attention of policymakers and scientists. The present review highlights the recent applications of biochar in removing organic and inorganic pollutants present in industrial effluents. The recent modes of preparation, physicochemical properties and adsorption mechanisms of biochar in removing organic and inorganic industrial pollutants are also reviewed comprehensively. Biochar showed high adsorption of industrial dyes up to 80%. It also discusses the recent application and mechanism of biochar-supported photocatalytic materials for the degradation of organic contaminants in wastewater. We reviewed also the possible optimizations (such as the pyrolysis temperature, solution pH) allowing the increase of the adsorption capabilities of biochar leading to organic contaminants removal. Besides, increasing the pyrolysis temperature of the biochar was seen to lead to an increase in its surface area, while it decreases their amount of oxygen-containing functional groups, consequently leading to a decrease in the adsorption of metal (loid) ions present in the medium. Finally, the review suggests that more research should be carried out to optimize the main parameters involved in biochar production and its regeneration methods. Future efforts should be also carried out towards process engineering to improve its adsorption capacity to increase the economic benefits of its implementation.

scholarly journals Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Sensors for Priority Pollutants

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2406
Author(s):  
Mashaalah Zarejousheghani ◽  
Parvaneh Rahimi ◽  
Helko Borsdorf ◽  
Stefan Zimmermann ◽  
Yvonne Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Selective Adsorption ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Priority Pollutants ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Wide Range

Globally, there is growing concern about the health risks of water and air pollution. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has developed a list of priority pollutants containing 129 different chemical compounds. All of these chemicals are of significant interest due to their serious health and safety issues. Permanent exposure to some concentrations of these chemicals can cause severe and irrecoverable health effects, which can be easily prevented by their early identification. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) offer great potential for selective adsorption of chemicals from water and air samples. These selective artificial bio(mimetic) receptors are promising candidates for modification of sensors, especially disposable sensors, due to their low-cost, long-term stability, ease of engineering, simplicity of production and their applicability for a wide range of targets. Herein, innovative strategies used to develop MIP-based sensors for EPA priority pollutants will be reviewed.

Synthesis of Nano Structured Membrane from Carbon Nanotube for Waste Water Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 829 ◽  
pp. 386-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehri Imani ◽  
Alimorad Rashidi ◽  
Mojtaba Shariaty-Niassar ◽  
Elahe Sarlak ◽  
Amir Zarghan
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Carbon Membranes ◽  
Vertically Aligned ◽  
Simple Technology

Carbon membranes have high adsorption capacitiy with respect to its incredible properties such as unique structural, electronic, optoelectronic, semiconductor, mechanical, chemical and physical. Carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes because of its high permeance have been recently developed.Great attention has been currently paid to the field of fabrication methods capable of producing uniform, well-aligned and monodispersed CNT array. Current research concerns with fabrication of vertically aligned CNT membrane in order to remove heavy metal ion presents in waste water. For this purpose, CNTs are vertically grown up through the holes of anodic aluminium oxide (AAO); as a template, by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of acetylene gas.In this work a few heavy metals such as Pb (II), Cu (II) and Cd (II) has been examined for checking the perfomance of membrane in aqueous solution. The morphological properties of the aligned CNT membrane were investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The method has simple technology, low cost, and easy reproduction.

THE FEASIBILITY OF KAOLIN AS MAIN MATERIAL FOR LOW COST POROUS CERAMIC HOLLOW FIBRE MEMBRANE PREPARED USING COMBINED PHASE INVERSION AND SINTERING TECHNIQUE

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Khadijah Hubadillah ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman ◽  
A. F. Ismail ◽  
Mukhlis A. Rahman ◽  
Juhana Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Hollow Fibre ◽  
Hollow Fibre Membrane ◽  
Fibre Membrane ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
And Performance

Ceramic hollow fibre membrane (CHFM) demonstrated superior characteristics and performance in any separation application. The only problem associated with this kind of technology is the high cost. In order to effectively fabricate and produce low cost porous CHFM, a series of CHFMs made of kaolin were fabricated via combined phase inversion and sintering technique. The CHFMs from kaolin named as kaolin hollow fibre membranes (KHFMs) were studied at different kaolin contents of 35 wt.%, 37.5 wt.% and 40 wt.% sintered at 1200ºC. The result indicated that by varying kaolin contents, different morphologies were obtained due to changes in the viscosity of ceramic suspension containing kaolin. The optimum kaolin content for KHFM was identified. It was found that KHFM prepared at 37.5 wt% has a mechanical strength and pure water flux of A and B respectively.  

scholarly journals Tailoring the Stabilization and Pyrolysis Processes of Carbon Molecular Sieve Membrane Derived from Polyacrylonitrile for Ethylene/Ethane Separation

Membranes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
DaeHun Kim ◽  
YongSung Kwon ◽  
Jung-Hyun Lee ◽  
Seong-Joong Kim ◽  
You-In Park
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Sieve ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Carbon Molecular Sieve ◽  
Alumina Support ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Polymer Precursors ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Excellent Thermal Property ◽  
Pyrolysis Processes

For ethylene/ethane separation, a CMS (carbon molecular sieve) membrane was developed with a PAN (polyacrylonitrile) polymer precursor on an alumina support. To provide an excellent thermal property to PAN precursor prior to the pyrolysis, the stabilization as a pre-treatment process was carried out. Tuning the stabilization condition was very important to successfully preparing the CMS membrane derived from the PAN precursor. The stabilization and pyrolysis processes for the PAN precursor were finely tuned, and optimized in terms of stabilization temperature and time, as well as pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, and soaking time. The PAN stabilized at >250 °C showed improved thermal stability and carbon yield. The CMS membrane derived from stabilized PAN showed reasonable separation performance for ethylene permeance (0.71 GPU) and ethylene/ethane selectivity (7.62), respectively. Increasing the pyrolysis temperature and soaking time gave rise to an increase in the gas permeance, and a reduction in the membrane selectivity. This trend was opposite to that for the CMS membranes derived from other polymer precursors. The optimized separation performance (ethylene permeance of 2.97 GPU and ethylene/ethane selectivity of 7.25) could be achieved at the pyrolysis temperature of 650 °C with a soaking time of 1 h. The separation performance of the CMS membrane derived from the PAN precursor was comparable to that of other polymer precursors, and surpassed them regarding the upper bound trade off.

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