scholarly journals Effect of Turning on the Surface Integrity and Fatigue Life of a TC11 Alloy in Very High Cycle Fatigue Regime

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1507
Author(s):  
Tao Gao ◽  
Zhidan Sun ◽  
Hongqian Xue ◽  
Emin Bayraktar ◽  
Zhi Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Turning Process ◽  
Very High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Very High

In this work, the effect of a turning process on fatigue performance of a Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si (TC11) titanium alloy is studied in the high cycle fatigue (HCF) and very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) regimes. For this purpose, the surface characteristics including surface morphology, surface roughness and residual stress were investigated. Moreover, axial fatigue tests were conducted with an ultrasonic fatigue testing system working at a frequency of 20 kHz. The results show that the turning process deteriorated the fatigue properties in both HCF and VHCF regimes. The fatigue strength at 1 × 108 cycles of turned samples is approximately 6% lower than that of electropolished ones. Fracture surface observations indicate that turning marks play a crucial role in the fatigue damage process, especially in the crack initiation stage. It was observed that the crack of all the turned samples originated from turning marks. In addition, the compressive residual stress induced by the turning process played a more effective role in resisting crack propagation in the VHCF regime than in the HCF regime.

scholarly journals Effects of Specimen Size and Welded Joints on the Very High Cycle Fatigue Properties of Compressor Blade Steel KMN-I

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1244
Author(s):  
Pengfei Wang ◽  
Weiqiang Wang ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Qiwen Zhou ◽  
Zengliang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Welded Joints ◽  
High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Specimen Size ◽  
Compressor Blade ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Very High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Very High ◽  
Blade Steel

The effects of specimen size and welded joints on the very high cycle fatigue properties of compressor blade steel KMN-I were studied by ultrasonic fatigue testing. It was found that the S-N curve of large specimens had a slow decline above 107 cycles, and fatigue failure still occurred in the very high cycle regime (>107 cycles), while the very high cycle fatigue characteristics of welded specimens was less obvious, and the fatigue limit was observed. Metallographic observation and SEM analysis were carried out on the fracture of the specimens. The results showed that surface fractures were mostly observed in the large specimens, and only a small number of cracks initiated from non-metallic inclusions above 107 cycles. The cracks of welded specimens initiated from the surface below 107 cycles and initiated from the internal matrix above 107 cycles. In addition, the formation mechanism of GBF (granular bright facet) was analyzed by the “dispersive decohesion of spherical carbide” theory, and the fatigue strength and fatigue life were predicted, which was consistent with the experimental results.

scholarly journals Very High Cycle Fatigue Properties of Carburized Steel by Ultrasonic Torsional Fatigue Testing

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 938-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinobu SHIMAMURA ◽  
Koichiro NARITA ◽  
Hitoshi ISHII ◽  
Keiichiro TOHGO ◽  
Tomoyuki FUJII ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Carburized Steel ◽  
Torsional Fatigue ◽  
Very High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Very High

scholarly journals Review of Multiaxial Testing for Very High Cycle Fatigue: From ‘Conventional’ to Ultrasonic Machines

Machines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Pedro Costa ◽  
Richard Nwawe ◽  
Henrique Soares ◽  
Luís Reis ◽  
Manuel Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Multiaxial Fatigue ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Multiaxial Testing ◽  
Very High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Ultrasonic Fatigue ◽  
Very High

Fatigue is one of the main causes for in service failure of mechanical components and structures. With the development of new materials, such as high strength aluminium or titanium alloys with different microstructures from steels, materials no longer have a fatigue limit in the classical sense, where it was accepted that they would have ‘infinite life’ from 10 million (107) cycles. The emergence of new materials used in critical mechanical parts, including parts obtained from metal additive manufacturing (AM), the need for weight reduction and the ambition to travel greater distances in shorter periods of time, have brought many challenges to design engineers, since they demand predictability of material properties and that they are readily available. Most fatigue testing today still uses uniaxial loads. However, it is generally recognised that multiaxial stresses occur in many full-scale structures, being rare the occurrence of pure uniaxial stress states. By combining both Ultrasonic Fatigue Testing with multiaxial testing through Single-Input-Multiple-Output Modal Analysis, the high costs of both equipment and time to conduct experiments have seen a massive improvement. It is presently possible to test materials under multiaxial loading conditions and for a very high number of cycles in a fraction of the time compared to non-ultrasonic fatigue testing methods (days compared to months or years). This work presents the current status of ultrasonic fatigue testing machines working at a frequency of 20 kHz to date, with emphasis on multiaxial fatigue and very high cycle fatigue. Special attention will be put into the performance of multiaxial fatigue tests of classical cylindrical specimens under tension/torsion and flat cruciform specimens under in-plane bi-axial testing using low cost piezoelectric transducers. Together with the description of the testing machines and associated instrumentation, some experimental results of fatigue tests are presented in order to demonstrate how ultrasonic fatigue testing can be used to determine the behaviour of a steel alloy from a railway wheel at very high cycle fatigue regime when subjected to multiaxial tension/torsion loadings.

Evaluation of Very High Cycle Fatigue Properties of β-Titanium Alloy by Using an Ultrasonic Tensile-Compressive Fatigue Testing Machine

2016 ◽  
Vol 725 ◽  
pp. 366-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reo Kasahara ◽  
Masato Nishikawa ◽  
Yoshinobu Shimamura ◽  
Keiichiro Tohgo ◽  
Tomoyuki Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Fracture Morphology ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Very High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Ultrasonic Fatigue ◽  
Very High

β-titanium alloy has been developed recently because β-titanium alloy has better cold workability, proof stress, and tensile strength. In order to use β-titanium alloy for automobile parts subject to cyclic loading, very high cycle fatigue properties of β-titanium alloy should be investigated. In this study, very high cycle fatigue properties of β-titanium alloy Ti-22V-4Al were evaluated by using an ultrasonic fatigue testing method, which allows us to reduce a fatigue testing period to 1/100 − 1/1000 of that by using conventional testing methods. An S-N diagram and fracture morphology of Ti-22V-4Al in the very high cycle region were investigated. Fatigue failure was observed and subsurface fracture occurred in the very high cycle region.

Formation Mechanism of Specific Fracture Surface Region in the Sub-Surface Fracture of Titanium Alloy

2014 ◽  
Vol 891-892 ◽  
pp. 1436-1441
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Oguma ◽  
Takashi Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Fracture Surfaces ◽  
Very High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Very High

In Ti–6Al–4V alloy, fatigue properties have been widely investigated, and the origin of fatigue fracture is usually at the surface in the high stress and lower fatigue life region, whereas in low stress and longer fatigue lifetimes origins are generally sub-surface in nature. Very high cycle fatigue tests were conducted, and observation of fracture surfaces revealed that a unique fine concave and convex agglutinate (hereinafter called Granular Region) formed on the fracture surface of sub-surface fractures. The granular region was not observed on the fracture surface of surface fractures. To clarify the formation mechanism and process of forming the granular region, which is a unique phenomenon in the very high cycle fatigue, fatigue tests using specimens with an artificial surface defect were conducted in air and vacuum. The fatigue tests were based on the idea that the environment around a sub-surface fatigue crack is a vacuum-like environment. During the tests, fracture surfaces were intentionally contacted in air and vacuum under different loading conditions. Fracture surface observations revealed that repeated contact of the fracture surfaces and a vacuum environment are necessary for the formation of the granular region. A mechanism for the formation of the granular region will be proposed.

scholarly journals Usability of Ultrasonic Frequency Testing for Rapid Generation of High and Very High Cycle Fatigue Data

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2245
Author(s):  
Michael Fitzka ◽  
Bernd M. Schönbauer ◽  
Robert K. Rhein ◽  
Niloofar Sanaei ◽  
Shahab Zekriardehani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Ultrasonic Frequency ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Very High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Ultrasonic Fatigue ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Very High

Ultrasonic fatigue testing is an increasingly used method to study the high cycle fatigue (HCF) and very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) properties of materials. Specimens are cycled at an ultrasonic frequency, which leads to a drastic reduction of testing times. This work focused on summarising the current understanding, based on literature data and original work, whether and how fatigue properties measured with ultrasonic and conventional equipment are comparable. Aluminium alloys are not strain-rate sensitive. A weaker influence of air humidity at ultrasonic frequencies may lead to prolonged lifetimes in some alloys, and tests in high humidity or distilled water can better approximate environmental conditions at low frequencies. High-strength steels are insensitive to the cycling frequency. Strain rate sensitivity of ferrite causes prolonged lifetimes in those steels that show crack initiation in the ferritic phase. Austenitic stainless steels are less prone to frequency effects. Fatigue properties of titanium alloys and nickel alloys are insensitive to testing frequency. Limited data for magnesium alloys and graphite suggest no frequency influence. Ultrasonic fatigue tests of a glass fibre-reinforced polymer delivered comparable lifetimes to servo-hydraulic tests, suggesting that high-frequency testing is, in principle, applicable to fibre-reinforced polymer composites. The use of equipment with closed-loop control of vibration amplitude and resonance frequency is strongly advised since this guarantees high accuracy and reproducibility of ultrasonic tests. Pulsed loading and appropriate cooling serve to avoid specimen heating.

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