scholarly journals The Effect of Anodization on the Mechanical Properties of AA6061 Produced by Additive Friction Stir-Deposition

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1773
Author(s):  
Ning Zhu ◽  
Dustin Z. Avery ◽  
Ben A. Rutherford ◽  
Brandon J. Phillips ◽  
Paul G. Allison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Frictional Heating ◽  
Oxide Coating ◽  
Surface Oxide Layer ◽  
Oxide Coatings ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Oxide Particles ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Feedstock Material

This paper examines the impact of oxide coatings on the surfaces of feedstock material used for Additive Friction Stir-Deposition (AFS-D). The AFS-D is a solid-state additive manufacturing process that uses severe plastic deformation and frictional heating to build bulk depositions from either metallic rod or powder feedstock. Since aluminum alloys naturally form an oxide layer, it is important to determine the influence of the feedstock surface oxide layer on the resultant as-deposited microstructure and mechanical properties. In this study, three AA6061 square-rod feedstock materials were used, each with a different thickness of aluminum oxide coating: non-anodized, 10-micron thick, and 68-micron thick. Macroscale depositions were produced with these feedstock rods using the AFS-D process. Optical and electron microscopy showed that the two oxide coatings applied through anodization were efficiently dispersed during the AFS-D process, with oxide particles distributed throughout the microstructure. These oxide particles had median sizes of 1.8 and 3 μm2, respectively. The yield and tensile strengths of these materials were not measurably impacted by the thickness of the starting oxide coating. While all three feedstock material variations failed by ductile rupture, the elongation-to-failure did decrease from 68% to 55% in the longitudinal direction and from 60% to 43% in the build direction for the thickest initial oxide coating, 68 microns.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of composite coatings of chromium and nanodiamonds on aluminum

2018 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 05012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelly Gidikova ◽  
Maciej Sulowski ◽  
Marcin Madej ◽  
Radoslav Valov ◽  
Vladimir Petkov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Aluminum Surface ◽  
Surface Oxide Layer ◽  
Weight Saving ◽  
Active Metal ◽  
Wear And Friction ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Aluminum offers engineers weight saving advantages in their product design. However, aluminum has poor wear and friction properties. In addition, the surface oxide layer of this chemically active metal, which gives it the corrosion resistance, makes it a very difficult metal to plate [1]. Specific pre-treatment must be applied to remove the oxide layer from the aluminum surface. The nanodiamond particles additionally facilitates the process of chromium deposition. The object of this study is to evaluate the impact of nanodiamonds on the mechanical properties of the chromium coating plated on

scholarly journals The corrosion behavior of T/P91 steel under the atmosphere environment in Hunan province

2018 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Feng Chao ◽  
Xie Yi ◽  
Wang Jun ◽  
Long Yi ◽  
Chen Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Corrosion Process ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Surface Oxide Layer ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
P91 Steel ◽  
Atmosphere Environment

The research of corrosion behavior of T/P91 steel was investigated taking the case for the T/P91 steel corrosions existed during the construction process of a thermal power plant in Hunan province.The morphology change, product component and mechanical properties change were studied during the corrosion process of SO4-2. The results indicated that the surface oxide layer are mainly composed of iron and chromium oxide.As the thickness of oxide layer increased, the ability of blocking the erosive ions diffusion also come into effect, thus slow down the corrosion rate.

scholarly journals Oxide inclusions in joints of aluminum alloys made by method of friction welding with mixing

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Виктор Овчинников ◽  
Viktor Ovchinnikov ◽  
Людмила Андреева ◽  
L Andreeva ◽  
Татьяна Любимова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Friction Welding ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Surface Oxide ◽  
Surface Oxide Layer ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Welding Arc ◽  
Metal Joint ◽  
The Impact

The paper reports the results of the impact of different edge surfaces preparation upon the structure of a metal joint and strength characteristics of welds made by a method a friction welding with mixing. As objects of investigations there were chosen plates made of aluminum alloys 1565, 1201, 1915, V-1341, 1420 and 1460 with 5 mm thick with different edge machining for welding: by stripping and degreasing; by machining, for surface oxide layer removal; by AC and DC welding arc for “growing” a surface oxide layer and the further analysis of its distribution in a metal joint after welding. In the paper there are shown the results of metal joint micro-structure investigation and also test results of welds for strength. Oxide distribution from the surface of edge surfaces inside joint metal and its influence upon strength properties of joints is analyzed.

scholarly journals Tribological and Mechanical Properties of UHMWPE Polymer Composite filled with TiO2 and Al2O3 Particles used as TKR Implant

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 991-995
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Oxide Particles ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modulus Polyethylene

This study focused on the development of a polyethylene biomaterial for replacement of the joints like knee joints, etc. Through forming aluminum oxide and titanium oxide particles into ultra-high molecular polyethylene, commonly known as high modulus polyethylene, this substance has strengthened its mechanical and wear properties. The composite is made using the injection molding machine by reinforcement materials like bio-inert aluminum oxide (Al2O3 ) and titanium di oxide (TiO2 ) with UHMWPE. Mechanical properties like Tensile, Bending, impact strength and hardness and wear rate of the synthesized polymer composite is tested according to ASTM standards.C3 composite shows enhancement in mechanical and tribological properties, only decrease in the impact strength is seen comparing to other two compositions. So C3 composite can be used as implant

Improvement of Mechanical Properties and Morphological Studies of Friction Stir Processed Composites

2018 ◽  
pp. 152-179
Author(s):  
Sanjay Sharma ◽  
Gurmeet Singh Cheema ◽  
Sahib Sartaj Singh ◽  
Deepak Verma
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Frictional Heating ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Dynamic Plastic Deformation

Friction-stir processing (FSP) is a property enhancement technique which, not only removes the defects of initial casting process, but also improves the microstructure of the metals and metal matrix composites (MMCs). The process is based on frictional heating which results in a considerable dynamic plastic deformation within the metals. FSP can be specifically applied to develop fine-grained microstructures throughout the thickness of metal surface, to impart super plasticity and ensure homogeneous distribution of reinforced particles, if any. This chapter is a dedicated effort to consolidate the latest developments contributed by different researchers in last few years. The work covers various components and parameters, selected and used, for FSP to obtain specific desired results. Also, it includes past researches to exhibit various changes in mechanical properties with a keen focus on morphological study (by scanning electron microscopy) of these MMCs. In the last, a brief discussion on application and future scope of FSP processed MMC materials, is presented.

Dissimilar friction stir welding of aluminum alloys reinforced with carbon nanotubes

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.I. Pantelis ◽  
P.N. Karakizis ◽  
D.A. Dragatogiannis ◽  
C.A. Charitidis
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Reinforcing Fillers ◽  
Dissimilar Friction Stir Welding ◽  
The Impact

This chapter is devoted to studying the possibility of incorporating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as reinforcing fillers in dissimilar metal matrices joints produced by friction stir welding (FSW), as well as the impact of this incorporation on the microstructural and mechanical properties of these joints. Carbon nanotubes are extensively used as a reinforcing material in nanocomposites, due to their high stiffness and strength. FSW is a solid-state welding process of joining aluminum and other metallic alloys and has been employed in the aerospace, rail, automotive, and marine industries. Recently, friction stir processing (FSP), a derivative method of FSW, has been employed as an alternative for the production of metal matrix composites (MMCs). In this work, the process parameters were optimized in order to achieve nondefective welds, with and without the addition of CNTs. Two main cases were studied: (1) FSP was optimized by changing the tool rotational and travel speed as well as the number and direction of FSW passes, and (2) a Taguchi design scheme was adopted to further investigate the FSP in relevance to three factors (number, direction of passes, and tool rotational speed). Mechanical behavior was studied, and the local mechanical properties of the produced MMCs were compared with their bulk counterparts and parent materials. More specifically, the measured mechanical properties in the micro- and nanoscale (namely hardness and elastic modulus) are correlated with the microstructure and the presence of fillers.

Fatigue and Static Properties of Friction Stir Welded Aluminium Alloy 6082 Lap Joints Using Triflute-Type and Smooth Tool

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Krasnowski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dynamic Load ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Static Properties ◽  
Butt Joints ◽  
T Joints ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Due to numerous advantages, the FSW process more and more frequently used in different industries. Presently 99% of the FSW applications are connected with welding of aluminium alloys and most of FSW connections are butt joints, for which the very good mechanical properties are proved in many research. Instead of butt joints also a few types of shape joints can be friction stir welded, e.g. lap joints, multiple lap joints, fillet joints and T-joints. This study presents the results of investigation into the impact of the FSW tool type on the structure of FSW lap joints made of aluminium 6082 and their mechanical properties under static and dynamic load. The study also presents the influence of different welding speeds and toll pin lengths on structure of lap joints. The paper also describes and demonstrates the negative influence on joints properties of some common defects that usually occurs in lap joints welded by means of FSW.

scholarly journals Investigation of Impact Strength and Hardness of UHMW Polyethylene Composites Reinforced with Nano-Hydroxyapatite Particles Fabricated by Friction Stir Processing

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Khan ◽  
Ghulam Hussain ◽  
Khalid A Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Rehan Umer
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Rockwell Hardness ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Polyethylene Composites

The impact strength and surface properties of polymeric materials are of critical importance in various engineering applications. Friction stir processing (FSP) is a novel method for the fabrication of composite materials with superior mechanical properties. The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact strength and Rockwell hardness of UHMW polyethylene composites reinforced with nano-hydroxyapatite particles fabricated through FSP. The spindle speed (ω), tool traverse speed (f), volume fraction (v) of strengthening material and shoulder temperature (T) were key processing parameters. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the selected processing parameters were significant. Microscopic investigations unveiled that high levels of (v, f) and low levels of (T, ω) caused agglomeration of the reinforcing particles and induced voids and channels, which consequently reduced the impact strength and hardness of the manufactured composite. However, medium conditions of processing parameters exhibited better distribution of particles with minimum defects, and hence resulted in better mechanical properties. Finally, the models to predict the impact strength and hardness are proposed and verified. Sets of process parameters favorable to maximize the impact strength and Rockwell hardness were worked out, which were believed to increase the impact strength, Rockwell hardness number, and ultimate tensile strength by 27.3%, 5.7%, and 11.2%, respectively.

scholarly journals Characterization of Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of SAF 2205 Duplex tainless Steel Groove Joints Welded using Friction Stir Welding Process.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3428-3435
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Mechanical Properties And Corrosion ◽  
Saf 2205 ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this work is to characterize the effect of groove joint designs on mechanical and corrosion resistance properties of friction stir welded SAF 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) 6.5-mm-thick plate. Nondestructive tests (NDT), such as Radiographic Test (RT), and Visual Test (VT), show that, high-quality welds were produced for V grooved joints with, 60 ̊groove angle, and 2 mm root face, without root gap, with these joints were welded at constant rotating speed of 300 rpm, 25 mm/min traverse welding velocity, and 20 KN down load, using tungsten carbide (WC) base metal conical tool. Evaluating the mechanical properties using destructive tests (DT) such as tensile test, bending test, impact test, Vickers hardness test, showing that, Vickers hardness was increased at the stir zone, the failure was occurred at the base metal, the bending behavior and the impact energy are acceptable, the evaluation of corrosion resistance rate shows that, the corrosion resistance of this joint is higher than that of the base metal. In addition, it was significantly noted that, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of these joints welded using FSW process are better than that of those joints welded using fusion welding (FW) possesses, shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), and gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW).

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