scholarly journals Advanced Fabrication Techniques of Microengineered Physiological Systems

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 730
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Puryear III ◽  
Jeong-Kee Yoon ◽  
YongTae Kim
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Precision Engineering ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Geometric Conditions ◽  
Physiological Systems ◽  
The Way

The field of organs-on-chips (OOCs) has experienced tremendous growth over the last decade. However, the current main limiting factor for further growth lies in the fabrication techniques utilized to reproducibly create multiscale and multifunctional devices. Conventional methods of photolithography and etching remain less useful to complex geometric conditions with high precision needed to manufacture the devices, while laser-induced methods have become an alternative for higher precision engineering yet remain costly. Meanwhile, soft lithography has become the foundation upon which OOCs are fabricated and newer methods including 3D printing and injection molding show great promise to innovate the way OOCs are fabricated. This review is focused on the advantages and disadvantages associated with the commonly used fabrication techniques applied to these microengineered physiological systems (MPS) and the obstacles that remain in the way of further innovation in the field.

Bewertung lichter Wälder im Kanton Zürich und der Nutzen für das Projektmanagement | Evaluation of open forest in Canton Zurich and its significance for project management

2006 ◽  
Vol 157 (8) ◽  
pp. 303-309
Author(s):  
René Bertiller ◽  
Andreas Keel ◽  
Hans-Peter Stutz
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Open Forests ◽  
Initial Results ◽  
The Way

In 2004, the canton of Zurich possessed 376 hectares of uninterrupted open forest. Such stretches of forest provide essential habitats for animal species that favour both light and heat. Standardised surveys, and available data relative to existing flora and fauna has greatly facilitated the evaluation of the forest's vegetation and inhabitants. This contribution presents both the methods used, and the initial results. The advantages and disadvantages of the so called LiWa-indicator are discussed,and the way this evaluation method can be used to manage the plan of action entitled «Open forests in Canton Zurich»is illustrated.

The Good, the Bad and the Ugly
. A Broad look at the Adaptation of Technology in Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Vladislav Ilin
Keyword(s):  
Technology In Education ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Standardized Method ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

Technology in education is a global phenomenon affecting learners of all ages. The breadth and variety of available tools make it difficult to implement a standardized method for assessing the impact of technology on learning. The lack of a consensus on good and bad practices results in inconsistent application and mixed learning results.   This article takes a look at the adaptation of technology to education and examines the various tools used to enhance learning. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using technology, as well as review methodologies for evaluating the impact.   The essay concludes by identifying several problems with the way technology is evaluated and offers suggestions for further research to address those problems.

3D Printing & Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: Opportunities and Challenges

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 4723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhusnure O. G.* ◽  
Gholve V. S. ◽  
Sugave B. K. ◽  
Dongre R. C. ◽  
Gore S. A. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Computer Design ◽  
3D Scaffolds ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Computer Aided

Many researchers have attempted to use computer-aided design (C.A.D) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) to realize a scaffold that provides a three-dimensional (3D) environment for regeneration of tissues and organs. As a result, several 3D printing technologies, including stereolithography, deposition modeling, inkjet-based printing and selective laser sintering have been developed. Because these 3D printing technologies use computers for design and fabrication, and they can fabricate 3D scaffolds as designed; as a consequence, they can be standardized. Growth of target tissues and organs requires the presence of appropriate growth factors, so fabrication of 3Dscaffold systems that release these biomolecules has been explored. A drug delivery system (D.D.S) that administrates a pharmaceutical compound to achieve a therapeutic effect in cells, animals and humans is a key technology that delivers biomolecules without side effects caused by excessive doses. 3D printing technologies and D. D. Ss have been assembled successfully, so new possibilities for improved tissue regeneration have been suggested. If the interaction between cells and scaffold system with biomolecules can be understood and controlled, and if an optimal 3D tissue regenerating environment is realized, 3D printing technologies will become an important aspect of tissue engineering research in the near future. 3D Printing promises to produce complex biomedical devices according to computer design using patient-specific anatomical data. Since its initial use as pre-surgical visualization models and tooling molds, 3D Printing has slowly evolved to create one-of-a-kind devices, implants, scaffolds for tissue engineering, diagnostic platforms, and drug delivery systems. Fuelled by the recent explosion in public interest and access to affordable printers, there is renewed interest to combine stem cells with custom 3D scaffolds for personalized regenerative medicine. Before 3D Printing can be used routinely for the regeneration of complex tissues (e.g. bone, cartilage, muscles, vessels, nerves in the craniomaxillofacial complex), and complex organs with intricate 3D microarchitecture (e.g. liver, lymphoid organs), several technological limitations must be addressed. Until recently, tablet designs had been restricted to the relatively small number of shapes that are easily achievable using traditional manufacturing methods. As 3D printing capabilities develop further, safety and regulatory concerns are addressed and the cost of the technology falls, contract manufacturers and pharmaceutical companies that experiment with these 3D printing innovations are likely to gain a competitive edge. This review compose the basics, types & techniques used, advantages and disadvantages of 3D printing

scholarly journals Gaining a better understanding of the extrusion process in fused filament fabrication 3D printing: a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahaa Shaqour ◽  
Mohammad Abuabiah ◽  
Salameh Abdel-Fattah ◽  
Adel Juaidi ◽  
Ramez Abdallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Relevant Work ◽  
3D Printing Technique ◽  
Required Quality

AbstractAdditive manufacturing is a promising tool that has proved its value in various applications. Among its technologies, the fused filament fabrication 3D printing technique stands out with its potential to serve a wide variety of applications, ranging from simple educational purposes to industrial and medical applications. However, as many materials and composites can be utilized for this technique, the processability of these materials can be a limiting factor for producing products with the required quality and properties. Over the past few years, many researchers have attempted to better understand the melt extrusion process during 3D printing. Moreover, other research groups have focused on optimizing the process by adjusting the process parameters. These attempts were conducted using different methods, including proposing analytical models, establishing numerical models, or experimental techniques. This review highlights the most relevant work from recent years on fused filament fabrication 3D printing and discusses the future perspectives of this 3D printing technology.

scholarly journals Extrusion Based 3D Printing of Sustainable Biocomposites from Biocarbon and Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4164
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Diederichs ◽  
Maisyn Picard ◽  
Boon Peng Chang ◽  
Manjusri Misra ◽  
Amar Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Trimethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Optimal Quantity

Three-dimensional (3D) printing manufactures intricate computer aided designs without time and resource spent for mold creation. The rapid growth of this industry has led to its extensive use in the automotive, biomedical, and electrical industries. In this work, biobased poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) blends were combined with pyrolyzed biomass to create sustainable and novel printing materials. The Miscanthus biocarbon (BC), generated from pyrolysis at 650 °C, was combined with an optimized PTT blend at 5 and 10 wt % to generate filaments for extrusion 3D printing. Samples were printed and analyzed according to their thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties. Although there were no significant differences seen in the mechanical properties between the two BC composites, the optimal quantity of BC was 5 wt % based upon dimensional stability, ease of printing, and surface finish. These printable materials show great promise for implementation into customizable, non-structural components in the electrical and automotive industries.

Erratum — Universal method for fabricating PDMS microfluidic device using SU8, 3D printing and soft lithography

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Charmi Chande ◽  
Nida Riaz ◽  
Andrew House ◽  
Victoria Harbour ◽  
Hathija Noor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Universal Method

scholarly journals Closest and long-term prospects of 3D-printing for obstetrics and gynecology

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
E. V. Kudryavtseva ◽  
V. V. Kovalev ◽  
E. S. Zakurinova ◽  
G. Muller-Kamskii ◽  
V. V. Popov
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Introduction. Despite the notable and rapid progress in the development of medical 3D printing in recent years, not much is known about the use of this technology in obstetrics and gynecology.The purpose of our review of scientific literature was to determine the current level of 3D printing development, discuss the closest and long term prospects for using this technology in obstetrics and gynecology, and analyze its potential advantages and disadvantages.Materials and methods. We searched for scientific literature. 378 papers passed a three-step screening, as a result of which 42 sources were selected for the final scientific review.Results and discussion. The main areas in which dimensional printing can be used in this area of medicine is the creation of simulation models and training for students, the creation of anatomical models for preoperative preparation, the surgical instruments, the creation of new dosage drug forms (including transvaginal ones), and bioprinting of organs and tissues.Conclusion. The presented literary review allows us to conclude that 3D printing the obstetrics and gynecology is a current rapidly developing direction. The organization of 3D modeling and printing laboratories can significantly increase the efficiency of teaching students and residents. In addition, obstetricians-gynecologists and surgeons should be informed about the possibility of 3D printing surgical instruments according to an individual design. It can inspire them to implement their own ideas and develop domestic innovative developments. Three-dimensional printing of dosage forms and bioprostheses requires more complex technological solutions, and is not yet used in clinical practice. However, given the enormous prospects for these areas, various grants should be envisaged for their development in Russia

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGIES AND SOFTWARE IN 3D PRINTING WITH EXAMPLE OF USAGE IN APICULTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (09) ◽  
pp. 1658-1661
Author(s):  
Stojan Mitrić
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Main contribution of this paper is comparison of 3D printing technologies with detailed description of their work processes, usage of technologies in different applications and their advantages and disadvantages. This paper also describes software that are most commonly used in 3D printing world, and example of usage of 3D printing in Apiculture for creating system of rollers for making beeswax foundations.

scholarly journals 3D printing technologies for creating models and nozzles in an aerodynamic shock tunnel experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 2103 (1) ◽  
pp. 012033
Author(s):  
M A Kotov ◽  
N A Monakhov ◽  
S A Poniaev ◽  
P A Popov ◽  
K V Tverdokhlebov
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Additive Technologies ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Dynamic Experiment ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Nozzle Block ◽  
Rapid Prototyping And Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing

Abstract The features of 3D printing method for rapid prototyping and manufacturing of models for a pulsed high-speed gas-dynamic experiment are considered. Modern additive technologies allow the production of models. The basic properties of the materials and the advantages of 3D printing methods are described. The structure and properties of the obtained models can be unattainable using traditional manufacturing techniques. The design of the wind tunnel nozzle block is considered, which provides for the production of profiled contours using 3D printing. The advantages and disadvantages of use of such units on the shock tube are considered.

scholarly journals The Reducing Approaches of Scattering Losses in Polymer Planar Optical Waveguides

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
T. Radzievskaya ◽  
N. Ivanov ◽  
S. Tarasov
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Soft Lithography ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
High Speed Data ◽  
Scattering Losses ◽  
Planar Optical Waveguides

The article presents the development prospects of planar optical waveguides for high-speed data transmission systems optoelectronic buses by polymer materials. The advantages and disadvantages of using non-specialized polymeric materials for general use are revealed. The polymer planar optical waveguides fabrication technologies are proposed. The main losses types in planar optical waveguides, the reasons for their occurrence, as well as approaches to their reduction are determined. Using the example of PDMS polymer and soft lithography technology, the technological process critical stages of polymer planar optical waveguides production are noted, which contribute to an scattering losses increase. For each stage, algorithms are proposed to prevent an scattering losses increase. These algorithms were implemented in practice in the manufacture of layouts of polymer planar optical waveguides of the optical-electronic data transmission bus.

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