Rapid Detection of Echinocandins Resistance by MALDI-TOF MS in Candida parapsilosis Complex

Mass spectrometry by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) was used to identify and differentiate the pattern of susceptibility of clinical isolates of Candida parapsilosis complex. 17 C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, 2 C. orthopsilosis, and 1 C. metapsilosis strains were obtained from blood cultures, and three different inocula (103, 105, and 107 CFU/mL) were evaluated against three echinocandins at concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 16 µg/mL after incubation of 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h. Drug-free control was used. The spectra obtained at these concentrations were applied to generate composite correlation index (CCI) matrices for each yeast individually. After cross correlations and autocorrelations of each spectra with null (zero) and maximal (16) concentrations, the CCI was used as separation parameter among spectra. Incubation time and inoculum were critical factors to reach higher precision and reliability of this trial. With an incubation time of 3 h and inoculum of 107 CFU/mL, it was possible to determine the breakpoint of the clinical yeasts by MALDI-TOF that presented high agreement with the clinical laboratory standard institute (CLSI) reference method. Herein, we show that mass spectrometry using the MALDI-TOF technique is powerful when it exploits antifungal susceptibility testing assays.

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High prevalence of Itraconazole Resistance among Candida parapsilosis isolated from Iran

Current Medical Mycology ◽

10.18502/cmm.5.3.1746 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Fozieh Hassanmoghadam ◽

Tahereh Shokohi ◽

Mohammad Taghi Hedayati ◽

Narges Aslani ◽

Iman Haghani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Candida Parapsilosis ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Reference Method ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Antifungal Drugs ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Invasive Infections ◽

Prophylaxis Therapy

Background and Purpose: Candida parapsilosis isolates usually have a low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against azoles. Although Candida parapsilosis isolates usually have low MICs against azoles, recent studies candida invasive infections due to azole resistant-C. parapsilosis isolates . Regarding this, the main aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility pattern of Iranian clinical C. parapsilosis against available azole antifungal drugs. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 105 previously-identified isolates of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto. For the purpose of the study, the isolates were subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing against fluconazole (FLZ), itraconazole (ITZ), voriconazole (VRZ), and two new azole drugs, namely luliconazole (LUZU) and lanoconazole (LZN). The broth microdilution reference method adopted in this study was according to the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute M27-A3 and M27-S4 documents. Results: According to the results, 89% (n=94) of C. parapsilosis isolates showed a MIC of ≥ 1 µg/ml, indicating resistance against ITZ. Multi-azole resistance was observed in 3.8% of the isolates. In addition, LUZU and LZN demonstrated the highest efficacy with the MIC50 values of 0.5 and 1 µg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: The majority of the isolates showed high MIC values against ITZ. This may have been associated with the long-term ITZ prophylaxis/therapy in patients infected with candidiasis. Hence, the adoption of an appropriate antifungal agent is a crucial step for starting the treatment.

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Antifungal susceptibility and virulence attributes of animal-derived isolates of Candida parapsilosis complex

Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1099/jmm.0.076216-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 63 (11) ◽

pp. 1568-1572 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante ◽

Terezinha de Jesus Santos Rodrigues ◽

Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco ◽

Carlos Eduardo Cordeiro Teixeira ◽

Ramila de Brito Macedo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Candida Parapsilosis ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Common Species ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Protease Production ◽

Enzyme Analysis ◽

Restriction Enzyme Analysis ◽

Candida Parapsilosis Complex ◽

Candida Orthopsilosis

This study aimed to identify strains of the Candida parapsilosis complex isolated from animals, as well as to assess their in vitro antifungal susceptibility profile and in vitro production of virulence attributes. We used 28 isolates of C. parapsilosis sensu lato recovered from clinically healthy animals. The strains were characterized phenotypically, followed by molecular identification of the species through PCR-restriction enzyme analysis. The susceptibility of the strains to amphotericin B, itraconazole, voriconazole, fluconazole and caspofungin was assessed through broth microdilution. Additionally, the ability of the strains to produce biofilm, phospholipases and proteases was analysed. Molecular analysis showed 13 C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, 10 Candida orthopsilosis and five Candida metapsilosis strains. In vitro resistance to fluconazole was observed in three strains of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto and two C. metapsilosis. All tested strains were able to form biofilms and 23/28 isolates presented protease production, whilst none was able to produce phospholipases. Our study showed that C. parapsilosis sensu stricto and C. orthopsilosis are the most common species of the C. parapsilosis species complex and that these cryptic species present no significant phenotypical differences.

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A case series of medically managed Candida parapsilosis complex prosthetic valve endocarditis

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials ◽

10.1186/s12941-020-00409-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Penghao Guo ◽

Yuting He ◽

Rui Fan ◽

Zhongwen Wu ◽

Yili Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prosthetic Valve ◽

Candida Parapsilosis ◽

Case Series ◽

Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Maldi Tof Ms ◽

Maldi Tof ◽

Candida Metapsilosis ◽

Candida Orthopsilosis ◽

Tof Ms

Abstract Background In recent years, Candida parapsilosis is recognized as a species complex and is composed of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto, Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis. Candida parapsilosis complex prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is rare and the survival rate is still low despite of optimal therapeutic strategies. In our report, it is novel to report cases as Candida parapsilosis complex PVE at species and identify Candida parapsilosis using MALDI-TOF MS. Case presentation A series of 4 cases of Candida parapsilosis complex PVE from our institution was reported. Three were infected by Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto and one was infected by Candida metapsilosis. The condition of two cases got better and the other died. Conclusions More attention should be paid to Candida parapsilosis complex PVE and early diagnosis and prompt antibiotic therapy may play a role in the treatment for Candida parapsilosis complex PVE. It is recommended to identify Candida parapsilosis complex at species level and MALDI-TOF MS as an easy, fast and efficient identification method is worth promoting in clinical microbiology

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Use of spectrophotometric reading for in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing ofAspergillusspp.

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/w99-075 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 45 (10) ◽

pp. 871-874 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Eric Dannaoui ◽

Florence Persat ◽

Marie-France Monier ◽

Elisabeth Borel ◽

Marie-Antoinette Piens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amphotericin B ◽

Susceptibility Testing ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Reference Method ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility Testing ◽

Aspergillus Species ◽

National Committee ◽

Broth Microdilution Method

A comparative study of visual and spectrophotometric MIC endpoint determinations for antifungal susceptibility testing of Aspergillus species was performed. A broth microdilution method adapted from the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) was used for susceptibility testing of 180 clinical isolates of Aspergillus species against amphotericin B and itraconazole. MICs were determined visually and spectrophotometrically at 490 nm after 24, 48, and 72h of incubation, and MIC pairs were compared. The agreement between the two methods was 99% for amphotericin B and ranged from 95 to 98% for itraconazole. It is concluded that spectrophotometric MIC endpoint determination is a valuable alternative to the visual reference method for susceptibility testing of Aspergillus species.Key words: antifungal, susceptibility testing, Aspergillus, spectrophotometric reading.

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Incubation time and culture media impact success of identification of Nocardia spp. by MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease ◽

10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2018.06.016 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 92 (4) ◽

pp. 270-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Lisa R. McTaggart ◽

Yan Chen ◽

Rahgavi Poopalarajah ◽

Julianne V. Kus

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Incubation Time ◽

Culture Media ◽

Media Impact ◽

Maldi Tof Mass Spectrometry ◽

Maldi Tof

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MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and Specific Biomarkers: Potential New Key for Swift Identification of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms7120593 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 593 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Maureen Feucherolles ◽

Henry-Michel Cauchie ◽

Christian Penny

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Foodborne Pathogens ◽

Reference Method ◽

Multi Drug Resistance ◽

Maldi Tof Ms ◽

Maldi Tof ◽

Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽

The Future ◽

Tof Ms

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is today the reference method for direct identification of microorganisms in diagnostic laboratories, as it is notably time- and cost-efficient. In the context of increasing cases of enteric diseases with emerging multi-drug resistance patterns, there is an urgent need to adopt an efficient workflow to characterize antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Current approaches, such as antibiograms, are time-consuming and directly impact the “patient-physician” workflow. Through this mini-review, we summarize how the detection of specific patterns by MALDI-TOF MS, as well as bioinformatics, become more and more essential in research, and how these approaches will help diagnostics in the future. Along the same lines, the idea to export more precise biomarker identification steps by MALDI-TOF(/TOF) MS data towards AMR identification pipelines is discussed. The study also critically points out that there is currently still a lack of research data and knowledge on different foodborne pathogens as well as several antibiotics families such as macrolides and quinolones, and many questions are still remaining. Finally, the innovative combination of whole-genome sequencing and MALDI-TOF MS could be soon the future for diagnosis of antimicrobial resistance in foodborne pathogens.

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