scholarly journals Kinetics of Nucleo- and Spike Protein-Specific Immunoglobulin G and of Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabelle Strömer ◽  
Ruben Rose ◽  
Olaf Grobe ◽  
Franziska Neumann ◽  
Helmut Fickenscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
Routine Diagnostics ◽  
Pcr Diagnosis ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Antibody Tests ◽  
Diagnosis Of Infection

Kinetics of neutralizing antibodies and immunoglobulin G (IgG) against the nucleo (N) or spike (S) proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type2 (SARS-CoV-2) were studied in patients up to 165 days after PCR diagnosis of infection. Two immunoassays were selected out of eight IgG or total antibody tests by comparing their specificities and sensitivities. Sensitivities were calculated with convalescent sera from 26 PCR-confirmed cases, of which 76.9% had neutralizing antibodies (>1:10). Stored sera collected during the summer 2018 (N = 50) and winter seasons 2018/2019 (N = 50) were included to demonstrate the test specificities. IgG kinetics, avidities, and virus-neutralizing capacities were recorded over up to 165 days in eleven patients and five individuals from routine diagnostics. Sensitivities, specificities, and diagnostic accuracies ranged between 80.8–96.3%, 96.0–100%, and 93.7–99.2%, respectively. Nearly all results were confirmed with two different SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoblots. Six (54.4%) patients exhibited stable N-specific IgG indices over 120 days and longer; three of them developed IgG of high avidity. The S-specific IgG response was stable in ten (91.0%) patients, and eight (72.7%) had neutralizing antibodies. However, the titers were relatively low, suggesting that sustained humoral immunity is uncertain, especially after outpatient SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals Development of SARS-CoV-2 Specific IgG and Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies after Infection with Variants of Concern or Vaccination

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
Franziska Neumann ◽  
Ruben Rose ◽  
Janine Römpke ◽  
Olaf Grobe ◽  
Thomas Lorentz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Neutralization Test ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Robust Immune Response ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Nucleoprotein N

The humoral immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination was examined. Convalescent sera after infection with variants of concern (VOCs: B.1.1.7, n = 10; B.1.351, n = 1) and sera from 100 vaccinees (Pfizer/BioNTech, BNT162b2, n = 33; Moderna, mRNA-1273, n = 11; AstraZeneca, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222, n = 56) were tested for the presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) directed against the viral spike (S)-protein, its receptor-binding domain (RBD), the nucleoprotein (N) and for virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNA). For the latter, surrogate assays (sVNT) and a Vero-cell based neutralization test (cVNT) were used. Maturity of IgG was determined by measuring the avidity in an immunoblot (IB). Past VOC infection resulted in a broad reactivity of anti-S IgG (100%), anti-RBD IgG (100%), and anti-N IgG (91%), while latter were absent in 99% of vaccinees. Starting approximately two weeks after the first vaccine dose, anti-S IgG (75–100%) and particularly anti-RBD IgG (98–100%) were detectable. After the second dose, their titers increased and were higher than in the convalescents. The sVNT showed evidence of VNA in 91% of convalescents and in 80–100%/100% after first/second vaccine dose, respectively. After the second dose, an increase in VNA titer and IgGs of high avidity were demonstrated by cVNT and IB, respectively. Re-vaccination contributes to a more robust immune response.

scholarly journals Declining Levels of Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 in Convalescent COVID-19 Patients One Year Post Symptom Onset

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiandan Xiang ◽  
Boyun Liang ◽  
Yaohui Fang ◽  
Sihong Lu ◽  
Sumeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Neutralizing Activity ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
One Year ◽  
Kinetics Of

Major advances have been made in understanding the dynamics of humoral immunity briefly after the acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, knowledge concerning long-term kinetics of antibody responses in convalescent patients is limited. During a one-year period post symptom onset, we longitudinally collected 162 samples from 76 patients and quantified IgM and IgG antibodies recognizing the nucleocapsid (N) protein or the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein (S). After one year, approximately 90% of recovered patients still had detectable SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies recognizing N and RBD-S. Intriguingly, neutralizing activity was only detectable in ~43% of patients. When neutralization tests against the E484K-mutated variant of concern (VOC) B.1.351 (initially identified in South Africa) were performed among patients who neutralize the original virus, the capacity to neutralize was even further diminished to 22.6% of donors. Despite declining N- and S-specific IgG titers, a considerable fraction of recovered patients had detectable neutralizing activity one year after infection. However, neutralizing capacities, in particular against an E484K-mutated VOC were only detectable in a minority of patients one year after symptomatic COVID-19. Our findings shed light on the kinetics of long-term immune responses after natural SARS-CoV-2 infection and argue for vaccinations of individuals who experienced a natural infection to protect against emerging VOC.

scholarly journals Persisting Humoral Antiviral Immunity within the Japanese Population after the Discontinuation in 1976 of Routine Smallpox Vaccinations

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuji Hatakeyama ◽  
Kyoji Moriya ◽  
Masayuki Saijo ◽  
Yuji Morisawa ◽  
Ichiro Kurane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Japanese Population ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Antiviral Immunity ◽  
Smallpox Vaccination ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Induced Immunity

ABSTRACT Concerns have arisen recently about the possible use of smallpox for a bioterrorism attack. Routine smallpox vaccination was discontinued in Japan in 1976; however, it is uncertain exactly how long vaccination-induced immunity lasts. We sought to evaluate the seroprevalence and intensity of anti-smallpox immunity among representatives of the present Japanese population. The subjects included 876 individuals who were born between 1937 and 1982. Vaccinia virus-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and 152 of 876 samples were also tested for the presence of neutralizing antibodies. Of the subjects who were born before 1962, between 1962 and 1968, and between 1969 and 1975, 98.6, 98.6, and 66.0%, respectively, still retained the vaccinia virus-specific IgG with ELISA values for optical density at 405 nm (OD405) of ≥0.10. The corresponding figures for retained IgGs with OD405 values of ≥0.30 were 91.0, 90.3, and 58.2%, respectively. Neutralizing antibodies were also maintained. The sera with OD405 values of ≥0.30 showed 89% sensitivity and a 93% positive predictive value for detection of neutralizing antibodies (≥4). Thus, approximately 80% of persons born before 1969 and 50% of those born between 1969 and 1975 were also found to have maintained neutralizing antibodies against smallpox. A considerable proportion of the previous vaccinated individuals still retain significant levels of antiviral immunity. This long-lasting immunity may provide some protective benefits in the case of reemergence of smallpox, and the disease may not spread as widely and fatally as generally expected.

scholarly journals Development of a Rapid and Convenient Method for Determination of Rubella Virus-Specific Immunoglobulin G Avidity

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1416-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christelle Vauloup-Fellous ◽  
Jessica Ursulet-Diser ◽  
Liliane Grangeot-Keros
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Semiautomated Method

ABSTRACT We describe here a rapid and semiautomated method for the determination of rubella virus immunoglobulin G (IgG) avidity with the VIDAS instrument. A total of 153 serum samples from persons with naturally acquired rubella virus infections (n = 98), from vaccinated persons (n = 44), and from patients with autoantibodies (n = 11) were included in this study. The rubella virus-specific IgG avidity assay we developed for the VIDAS instrument was evaluated by comparison with an in-house method. Results obtained with the VIDAS instrument allow considering this method valuable to help confirm or exclude acute primary infection or recent vaccination.

scholarly journals Serum Antibody Profile of a Patient With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Reinfection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin Kai-Wang To ◽  
Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung ◽  
Kwok-Hung Chan ◽  
Shuofeng Yuan ◽  
Wing-Kin To ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
First Episode ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
Antibody Profile

Abstract We recently reported a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 reinfection. Here, we show that serum neutralizing antibodies could be detected during the first episode but not at the presentation of the second episode. During reinfection, neutralizing antibodies and high avidity immunoglobulin G were found within 8 days after hospitalization, whereas immunoglobulin M response was absent.

scholarly journals Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1390
Author(s):  
Anwar M. Hashem ◽  
Abdullah Algaissi ◽  
Sarah A. Almahboub ◽  
Mohamed A. Alfaleh ◽  
Turki S. Abujamel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Kinetics Of

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to spread globally with significantly high morbidity and mortality rates. Antigen-specific responses are of unquestionable value for clinical management of COVID-19 patients. Here, we investigated the kinetics of IgM, IgG against the spike (S) and nucleoproteins (N) proteins and their neutralizing capabilities in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with different disease presentations (i.e., mild, moderate or severe), need for intensive care units (ICU) admission or outcomes (i.e., survival vs death). We show that SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG, IgM and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) were readily detectable in almost all COVID-19 patients with various clinical presentations. Interestingly, significantly higher levels of nAbs as well as anti-S1 and -N IgG and IgM antibodies were found in patients with more severe symptoms, patients requiring admission to ICU or those with fatal outcomes. More importantly, early after symptoms onset, we found that the levels of anti-N antibodies correlated strongly with disease severity. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the kinetics of antibody responses in COVID-19 patients with different disease severity.

scholarly journals Age-Stratified Prevalences of Pneumococcal-Serotype-Specific Immunoglobulin G in England and Their Relationship to the Serotype-Specific Incidence of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Prior to the Introduction of the Pneumococcal 7-Valent Conjugate Vaccine

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1442-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Balmer ◽  
Ray Borrow ◽  
Jamie Findlow ◽  
Rosalind Warrington ◽  
Sarah Frankland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Natural Immunity ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Specific Igg

ABSTRACT Recent changes to the childhood immunization schedule in the United Kingdom have resulted in the inclusion of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. However, the seroprevalence of pneumococcal antibodies in the population was unknown. To address this, we measured pneumococcal, age-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations specific for nine serotypes by an assay run on the Bioplex platform, using 2,664 serum samples collected in England from 2000 to 2004. The lowest concentrations of IgG specific to all serotypes and the proportions of serotype-specific IgG concentrations of ≥0.35 μg/ml were observed in children aged <1 year. From 1 year on, there was a general increase in antibody levels with increasing age, and they remained high in adults. Maternal antibody was detected in young children aged <36 days but waned rapidly. Comparison of the age-specific seroprevalence of serotype-specific IgG to the serotype-specific incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease demonstrated a general inverse relationship for all age groups except the elderly. These data provide a baseline for natural immunity to the pneumococcal serotypes analyzed prior to the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the United Kingdom.

scholarly journals Recombinant Sindbis Virus Vectors Designed To Express Protective Antigen of Bacillus anthracis Protect Animals from Anthrax and Display Synergy with Ciprofloxacin

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1696-1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Thomas ◽  
Scott T. Moen ◽  
Bryan T. Gnade ◽  
Diego A. Vargas-Inchaustegui ◽  
Sheri M. Foltz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Anthracis ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Sindbis Virus ◽  
Protective Antigen ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Recombinant Viruses ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Ames Strain ◽  
Induced Immunity

ABSTRACT Recombinant Sindbis viruses were engineered to express alternative forms of the protective antigen (PA) of Bacillus anthracis. The recombinant viruses induced PA-specific immunoglobulin G and neutralizing antibodies in Swiss Webster mice. Vaccination with the recombinant viruses induced immunity that offered some protection from a lethal Ames strain spore challenge and synergized the protective effects of ciprofloxacin.

scholarly journals COMPARISON WITH INTENSITY OF SECONDARY DENGUE INFECTION BY DETECTING DENGUE-SPECIFIC IMMUNOGLOBULIN G ANTIBODIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Sudipta Poddar ◽  
Amiya Kumar Hati
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Objective Detection ◽  
The City

Objective: Detection of dengue-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in the serum of healthy individuals signifies previous dengue infection. This phenomenon can be utilized to demonstrate dengue activity in a suspected area and to stratify intensity of infection in the urban and rural surroundings.Methods: Serum samples of altogether 881 healthy volunteers, 560 persons living in the central part of the city Kolkata and 321 individuals residing at a village Memari (highly endemic for dengue), 85 Km away from Kolkata, having no apparent proof of dengue activity were examined for the detection of dengue-specific IgG antibodies.Results: Of 560 serum samples collected from Kolkata, 55.5% (249) were IgG reactive. Respective figures for Memari were 321 and 25.3% (81). This indicated that the virus was also active at rural area, though the endemic property was lower than in Kolkata. In both urban (r=−0.585, p=0.017) and rural (r=−0.392, p=0.013) West Bengal, the suspected and IgG reactive cases apparently negatively correlated with age, but the percentage of reactivity was found to increase with age. The number of IgG reactive cases was significantly more in Kolkata than at Memari, indicating that dengue virus was active at Memari though the endemic property was much lower than that of Kolkata and chances of secondary dengue infection vis-a-vis dengue hemorrhagic fever would be more in Kolkata than at Memari.Conclusion: Evaluation of IgG specific dengue antibodies can be utilized to compare intensity of secondary dengue infection vis-a-vis DHF and its endemic property in different places, furnish a preliminary idea.

scholarly journals Development of Specific Immunoglobulin Ga (IgGa) and IgGb Antibodies Correlates with Control of Parasitemia in Babesia equi Infection

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina W. Cunha ◽  
Travis C. McGuire ◽  
Lowell S. Kappmeyer ◽  
Stephen A. Hines ◽  
A. Marianela Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Theileria Equi ◽  
Babesia Equi ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Igg Isotypes ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACT In this study, the kinetics of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) isotypes were characterized in Babesia equi (Theileria equi)-infected horses. IgGa and IgGb developed during acute infection, whereas IgG(T) was detected only after resolution of acute parasitemia. The same IgG isotype profile induced during acute infection was obtained by equi merozoite antigen 1/saponin immunization.

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