scholarly journals Transcriptomic Analysis of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli during Initial Contact with Cattle Colonic Explants

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1662
Author(s):  
Zachary R. Stromberg ◽  
Rick E. Masonbrink ◽  
Melha Mellata
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Fold Change ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Lon Protease ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Log2 Fold Change ◽  
Colonization Factors

Foodborne pathogens are a public health threat globally. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), particularly O26, O111, and O157 STEC, are often associated with foodborne illness in humans. To create effective preharvest interventions, it is critical to understand which factors STEC strains use to colonize the gastrointestinal tract of cattle, which serves as the reservoir for these pathogens. Several colonization factors are known, but little is understood about initial STEC colonization factors. Our objective was to identify these factors via contrasting gene expression between nonpathogenic E. coli and STEC. Colonic explants were inoculated with nonpathogenic E. coli strain MG1655 or STEC strains (O26, O111, or O157), bacterial colonization levels were determined, and RNA was isolated and sequenced. STEC strains adhered to colonic explants at numerically but not significantly higher levels compared to MG1655. After incubation with colonic explants, flagellin (fliC) was upregulated (log2 fold-change = 4.0, p < 0.0001) in O157 STEC, and collectively, Lon protease (lon) was upregulated (log2 fold-change = 3.6, p = 0.0009) in STEC strains compared to MG1655. These results demonstrate that H7 flagellum and Lon protease may play roles in early colonization and could be potential targets to reduce colonization in cattle.

scholarly journals Prevalence of a Gene Encoding Adhesin Involved in Diffuse Adherence among Escherichia Coli Isolates in Pigs with Postweaning Diarrhea or Edema Disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Kwon Ha ◽  
Changsun Choi ◽  
Chanhee Chae
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Isolation Rate ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Edema Disease ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Fimbrial Adhesins ◽  
Postweaning Diarrhea

A total of 604 Escherichia coli strains isolated from weaned pigs with diarrhea or edema disease on 653 swine farms were screened for the presence of the adhesin involved in diffuse adherence (AIDA) gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Escherichia coli isolates that carried AIDA genes were also tested by PCR for the detection of 5 fimbriae (F4, F5, F6, F18, and F41), 3 heat-stable (STa, STb, and EAST1) and 1 heat-labile (LT) enterotoxin, and Shiga toxin 2e (Stx2e) genes. Forty-five (7.5%) of the 604 E. coli isolates carried the gene for AIDA. Of these 45 isolates, 5 (11.1%) carried EAST1 genes only, 1 (2.2%) carried genes for at least one of the fimbrial adhesins, 12 (26.7%) carried genes for at least one of the toxins, and 27 (60%) carried genes for at least one of the fimbrial adhesins and toxins. Fifty-one percent of strains that carried AIDA genes carried Stx2e genes, and 40% of strains that carried AIDA genes carried F18ab. The isolation rate of enterotoxigenic E. coli strain carrying genes for AIDA was 87%, and the isolation rate of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli strain carrying genes for AIDA was 49%. AIDA may represent an important virulence determinant in pigs with postweaning diarrhea or edema disease.

scholarly journals Complete Annotated Genome Sequences of Two Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains and One Atypical Enteropathogenic E. coli Strain, Isolated from Naturally Colonized Cattle of German Origin

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutz Geue ◽  
Christian Menge ◽  
Christian Berens ◽  
Stefanie A. Barth
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Enteric Pathogens ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
German Origin ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
German Cattle

ABSTRACT Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are important zoonotic enteric pathogens with the main reservoir in cattle. Here, we present the genomes of two STEC strains and one atypical enteropathogenic E. coli strain from cattle origin, obtained during a longitudinal study in German cattle herds.

Seasonal Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Beef Cattle Feces†

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 3018-3020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. ALAM ◽  
L. ZUREK
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cattle Feces ◽  
Shiga Toxin 2

Cattle are an asymptomatic reservoir of Escherichia coli O157:H7, but the bacterial colonization and shedding patterns are poorly understood. The prevalence and shedding of this human pathogen have been reported to be seasonal with rates typically increasing during warm months. The objectives of this study were (i) to assess the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in feces of feedlot cattle in Kansas during summer, fall, and winter months, and (ii) to characterize E. coli O157:H7 by screening for virulence factors. Of 891 fecal samples collected, 82 (9.2%) were positive for E. coli O157:H7. No significant differences in prevalence were detected among summer, fall, and winter months. The highest monthly prevalence (18.1%) was detected in February. All tested isolates were positive for stx2 (Shiga toxin 2) and eaeA (intimin) genes; 14 isolates (12.8%) also carried stx1. Our results indicate the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in beef cattle feces is not necessarily season dependent.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the enteroaggregative Shiga toxin/verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 strain causing the outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome in Germany, May to June 2011

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Scheutz ◽  
E Møller Nielsen ◽  
J Frimodt-Møller ◽  
N Boisen ◽  
S Morabito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
International Exchange ◽  
Outbreak Strain ◽  
Diagnostic Screening ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Large Outbreak

The Escherichia coli strain causing a large outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome and bloody diarrhoea in Germany in May and June 2011 possesses an unusual combination of pathogenic features typical of enteroaggregative E. coli together with the capacity to produce Shiga toxin. Through rapid national and international exchange of information and strains the known occurrence in humans was quickly assessed. We describe simple diagnostic screening tools to detect the outbreak strain in clinical specimens and a novel real-time PCR for its detection in foods.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Shiga Toxin 2e-Converting Bacteriophage from an Escherichia coli Strain of Human Origin

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 4850-4855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maite Muniesa ◽  
Jürgen Recktenwald ◽  
Martina Bielaszewska ◽  
Helge Karch ◽  
Herbert Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Lysis Cassette ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT An infectious Shiga toxin (Stx) 2e-converting bacteriophage (φP27) was isolated from Stx2e-producing Escherichia coliONT:H− isolate 2771/97 originating from a patient with diarrhea. The phage could be transduced to E. colilaboratory strain DH5α, and we could show that lysogens were able to produce biologically active toxin in a recA-dependent manner. By DNA sequence analysis of a 6,388-bp HindIII restriction fragment of φP27, we demonstrated that thestx 2e gene was located directly downstream ofileZ and argO tRNA genes. Although no analogue of an antiterminator Q encoding gene was present on this fragment, a lysis cassette comprising two holin genes which are related to the holin genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage φCTX and a gene homologous to the endolysin gene gp19 of phage PS3 were detected. The results of our study demonstrated for the first time that Stx2e can be encoded in the genome of an infectious bacteriophage.

scholarly journals Regulation of Expression of the TIR-Containing Protein C Gene of the Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strain CFT073

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 549
Author(s):  
Julia Ittensohn ◽  
Jacqueline Hemberger ◽  
Hannah Griffiths ◽  
Maren Keller ◽  
Simone Albrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Reporter Construct ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Strain Cft073 ◽  
Myeloid Differentiation Factor

The uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain CFT073 causes kidney abscesses in mice Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing protein C (TcpC) dependently and the corresponding gene is present in around 40% of E. coli isolates of pyelonephritis patients. It impairs the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling chain and the NACHT leucin-rich repeat PYD protein 3 inflammasome (NLRP3) by binding to TLR4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 as well as to NLRP3 and caspase-1, respectively. Overexpression of the tcpC gene stopped replication of CFT073. Overexpression of several tcpC-truncation constructs revealed a transmembrane region, while its TIR domain induced filamentous bacteria. Based on these observations, we hypothesized that tcpC expression is presumably tightly controlled. We tested two putative promoters designated P1 and P2 located at 5′ of the gene c2397 and 5′ of the tcpC gene (c2398), respectively, which may form an operon. High pH and increasing glucose concentrations stimulated a P2 reporter construct that was considerably stronger than a P1 reporter construct, while increasing FeSO4 concentrations suppressed their activity. Human urine activated P2, demonstrating that tcpC might be induced in the urinary tract of infected patients. We conclude that P2, consisting of a 240 bp region 5′ of the tcpC gene, represents the major regulator of tcpC expression.

scholarly journals Prevalence and molecular characterisation of shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli in raw milk cheeses from Lazio region, Italy

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selene Marozzi ◽  
Paola De Santis ◽  
Sarah Lovari ◽  
Roberto Condoleo ◽  
Stefano Bilei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Lazio Region ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Regional Control ◽  
Unpasteurized Milk

In recent years, the incidence of foodborne diseases caused by shiga toxin-producing <em>Escherichia coli</em> (STEC) has increased globally. For this reason, within the specific regional control plan for the detection of STEC in food products in Italy, the presence of STEC in unpasteurized milk cheeses was investigated. In total 203 samples obtained from March 2011 to December 2013 were analysed, with two standard methods (ISO 16654:2001 and ISO 13136:2012). Two strains of <em>E. coli</em> O157 were isolated (2/161, 1.2%) but did not carry any virulence-associated genes and 22 <em>stx</em>-positive samples (22/146, 15.1%) were detected in enrichment cultures, mostly from ovine cheeses. Only two strains isolated from different ovine cheeses carried <em>stx</em> gene and none of these was <em>eae</em>-positive. This study confirms the presence of <em>stx</em>-positive <em>E. coli</em> and suggests that this type of food cannot be excluded as a potential vehicle of STEC.

scholarly journals Novel Hybrid of Typical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Shiga-Toxin-Producing E. coli (tEPEC/STEC) Emerging From Pet Birds

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosely Martins Gioia-Di Chiacchio ◽  
Marcos Paulo Vieira Cunha ◽  
Lilian Rose Marques de Sá ◽  
Yamê Minieiro Davies ◽  
Camila Bueno Pacheco Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pet Birds

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Colony Check Assay for the Identification of Serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145, and O157 Colonies Isolated on Plating Media

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 1212-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
BURTON BLAIS ◽  
MYLÈNE DESCHÊNES ◽  
GEORGE HUSZCZYNSKI ◽  
MARTINE GAUTHIER
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Enrichment Broth ◽  
Substrate Solution ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Assay Performance

A simple immunoenzymatic enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) colony check (ECC) assay was developed for the presumptive identification of priority EHEC colonies isolated on plating media from enrichment broth cultures of foods. With this approach, lipopolysaccharide extracted from a colony is spotted on the grid of a polymyxin-coated polyester cloth strip, and bound E. coli serogroup O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145, and O157 antigens are subsequently detected by sequential reactions with a pool of commercially available peroxidase-conjugated goat antibodies and tetramethylbenzidine substrate solution. Each strip can accommodate up to 15 colonies, and test results are available within 30 min. Assay performance was verified using colonies from a total of 73 target EHEC isolates covering the range of designated priority serogroups (all of which were reactive), 41 nontarget E. coli isolates including several nontarget Shiga toxin–producing E. coli serogroups (all unreactive), and 33 non–E. coli strains (all unreactive except two bacterial strains possessing O-antigenic structures in common with those of the priority EHEC). The ECC assay was reactive with target colonies grown on several types of selective and nonselective plating media designed for their cultivation. These results support the use of the ECC assay for high-throughput screening of colonies isolated on plating media for detecting priority EHEC strains in foods.

scholarly journals Prevalence and molecular detection of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli from diarrheic cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Akter ◽  
S Majumder ◽  
KH MNH Nazir ◽  
M Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Positive Isolate

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are zoonotically important pathogen which causes hemorrhagic colitis, diarrhea, and hemolytic uremic syndrome in animals and humans. The present study was designed to isolate and identify the STEC from fecal samples of diarrheic cattle. A total of 35 diarrheic fecal samples were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Veterinary Teaching Hospital. The samples were primarily examined for the detection of E. coli by cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics, followed by confirmation of the isolates by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using gene specific primers. Later, the STEC were identified among the isolated E. coli through detection of Stx-1 and Stx-2 genes using duplex PCR. Out of 35 samples, 25 (71.43%) isolates were confirmed to be associated with E. coli, of which only 7 (28%) isolates were shiga toxin producers, and all of them were positive for Stx-1. However, no Stx-2 positive isolate could be detected. From this study, it may be concluded that cattle can act as a reservoir of STEC which may transmit to human or other animals.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(1): 63-68, June 2016

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