scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Drug-Resistance Genes of blaOXA-23-blaOXA-51 and mcr-1 in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 786
Author(s):  
Fabiana Nitz ◽  
Bruna Oliveira de Melo ◽  
Luís Cláudio Nascimento da Silva ◽  
Andrea de Souza Monteiro ◽  
Sirlei Garcia Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Polymyxin E ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has caused high rates of mortality due to the appearance of strains with multidrug resistance (MDR) profiles. This study aimed to characterize the molecular profile of virulence and resistance genes in 99 isolates of P. aeruginosa recovered from different clinical specimens. The isolates were identified by the automated method Vitek2, and the antibiotic susceptibility profile was determined using different classes of antimicrobials. The genomic DNA was extracted and amplified by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) to detect different virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. Molecular typing was performed using the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC-PCR) technique to determine the clonal relationship among P. aeruginosa isolates. The drug susceptibility profiles of P. aeruginosa for all strains showed high levels of drug resistance, particularly, 27 (27.3%) isolates that exhibited extensively drug-resistant (XDR) profiles, and the other isolates showed MDR profiles. We detected the polymyxin E (mcr-1) gene in one strain that showed resistance against colistin. The genes that confer resistance to oxacillin (blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51) were present in three isolates. One of these isolates carried both genes. As far as we know from the literature, this is the first report of the presence of blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51 genes in P. aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Genetic Identification and Drug-Resistance Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Using a Portable Sequencing Device. A Pilot Study

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Cervantes ◽  
Noemí Yokobori ◽  
Bo-Young Hong
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Long Read ◽  
Drug Resistance Prediction ◽  
Almost All

Clinical management of tuberculosis (TB) in endemic areas is often challenged by a lack of resources including laboratories for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) culture. Traditional phenotypic drug susceptibility testing for Mtb is costly and time consuming, while PCR-based methods are limited to selected target loci. We herein utilized a portable, USB-powered, long-read sequencing instrument (MinION), to investigate Mtb genomic DNA from clinical isolates to determine the presence of anti-TB drug-resistance conferring mutations. Data analysis platform EPI2ME and antibiotic-resistance analysis using the real time ARMA workflow, identified Mtb species as well as extensive resistance gene profiles. The approach was highly sensitive, being able to detect almost all described drug resistance conferring mutations based on previous whole genome sequencing analysis. Our findings are supportive of the practical use of this system as a suitable method for the detection of antimicrobial resistance genes, and effective in providing Mtb genomic information. Future improvements in the error rate through statistical analysis, drug resistance prediction algorithms and reference databases would make this a platform suited for the clinical setting. The small size, relatively inexpensive cost of the device, as well as its rapid and simple library preparation protocol and analysis, make it an attractive option for settings with limited laboratory infrastructure.

scholarly journals An usual approach to treatment of a case of multidrug resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa peritonitis: parenteral and intraperitoneal aminoglycosides and parenteral colistin

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian May ◽  
Maha Abu-Khdeir ◽  
Roland Alexander Blackwood
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Pleural Cavity ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotics ◽  
Polymyxin E

Infections caused by <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa </em>are becoming more common and increasingly more difficult to treat due to the continued development of drug resistance. While sensitivity to colistin (polymyxin E) is well known, it is frequently avoided due to concerns of nephrotoxicity. Reported here is a case of a multi-drug resistance pseudomonal typhlitis, bacteremia and pleural cavity infection that required significant intensive care, and serial abdominal washouts. Intra-peritoneal tobramycin in combination with broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics including colistin were used. Several instillations of tobramycin into the abdominal cavity along with concomitant IV administration of colistin, ceftazidime and tobramycin and<em> per os</em> colistin, tobramycin and nystatin resulted in the clearance of the pseudomonal infection without any evidence of toxicity from the treatment. Intra-abdominal tobramycin with parenteral colistin therapy can be used in complicated clinical settings with appropriate nephroprotection.

scholarly journals Emergence of XDR high-risk Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST309 in South America: a global comparative genomic analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érica L. Fonseca ◽  
Sérgio M. Morgado ◽  
Raquel V. Caldart ◽  
Fernanda Freitas ◽  
Ana Carolina P. Vicente
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
South America ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Genomic Islands ◽  
Intrinsic Resistance ◽  
Heterogeneous Distribution ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Genomic Analyses

ABSTRACTPseudomonas aeruginosa has been considered one of the major nosocomial pathogens associated with elevated morbidity and mortality worldwide. Outbreaks have been associated with few high-risk pandemic P. aeruginosa lineages, presenting a remarkable antimicrobial resistance. However, the biological features involved with the persistence and spread of such lineages among clinical settings remain to be unravel. This study reports the emergence of the ST309 P. aeruginosa lineage in South America/Brazil, more precisely, in the Amazon region. Global genomic analyses were performed with the Brazilian strain (PA834) and more 41 complete and draft ST309 genomes publicly available, giving insights about ST309 epidemiology and its resistome and mobilome. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests revealed that the Brazilian PA834 strain presented the XDR phenotype, which was mainly due to intrinsic resistance mechanisms. Genomic analyses revealed a heterogeneous distribution of acquired antimicrobial resistance genes among ST309 genomes, which included blaVIM-2, blaIMP-15 and qnrVC1, all of them associated with class 1 integrons. The mobilome mining showed the presence of Integrative and Conjugative Elements, transposons and genomic islands harbouring a huge arsenal of hevy metal resistance genes. Moreover, these elements also carried genes involved with virulence and adaptive traits. Therefore, the presence of such genes in ST309 lineage possibly accounted for the global spread and persistence of this emerging clone, and for its establishment as a pandemic lineage of clinical importance.

Translocation of Drug Resistance Genes in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

1980 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
S. Iyobe ◽  
H. Sagai ◽  
K. Hasuda ◽  
S. Mitsuhashi
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes

scholarly journals Multidrug resistance genes, including blaKPC and blaCTX-M-2, among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated in Recife, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 572-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriane Borges Cabral ◽  
Rita de Cássia de Andrade Melo ◽  
Maria Amélia Vieira Maciel ◽  
Ana Catarina Souza Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
General Care

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of cephalosporins and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains is rising in Brazil, with potential serious consequences in terms of patients' outcomes and general care. METHODS: This study characterized 24 clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae from two hospitals in Recife, Brazil, through the antimicrobial susceptibility profile, analyses of β-lactamase genes (blaTEM, blaSHV,blaCTX-MblaKPC, blaVIM, blaIMP, and blaSPM), plasmidial profile and ERIC-PCR (Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction). RESULTS: ERIC-PCR and plasmidial analysis grouped the isolates in 17 and 19 patterns, respectively. Six isolates from one hospital presented the same pattern by ERIC-PCR, indicating clonal dissemination. All isolates presented blaSHV, 62.5% presented blaCTX-M-2, 29% blaTEM, and 41.7% blaKPC. Metallo-β-lactamase genes blaand blawere not detected. Eleven isolates were identified carrying at least 3 β-lactamase studied genes, and 2 isolates carried blaSHVblaTEM, blaCTX-M-2 and blaKPC simultaneously. CONCLUSIONS: The accumulation of resistance genes in some strains, observed in this study, imposes limitations in the therapeutic options available for the treatment of infections caused by K. pneumoniae in Recife, Brazil. These results should alert the Brazilian medical authorities to establish rigorous methods for more efficiently control the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes in the hospital environment.

scholarly journals There is no correlation between sublineages and drug resistance ofMycobacterium tuberculosisBeijing/W lineage clinical isolates in Xinjiang, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. YUAN ◽  
Y. HUANG ◽  
L. G. MI ◽  
Y. X. LI ◽  
P. Z. LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Test ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
Proportion Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain

SUMMARYThe Beijing/W lineage strains are the major prevalent strains in China. The prevalence, mortality and drug-resistant rates of tuberculosis in Xinjiang, Northwestern China are higher than in other parts of the country. Our previous study results showed that the dominant strains ofMycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) were ‘Beijing/W lineage’ MTB in Xinjiang; those strains had no significant correlation with drug resistance. We investigated whether the prevalence of ‘Beijing/W lineage’ sublineage strains was associated with drug resistance. We collected 478 sputum specimens from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Beijing/W strains and their sublineages were identified by distinguishing five specific large sequence polymorphisms, using polymerase chain reaction. All strains were subjected to a drug susceptibility test using the proportion method on Löwenstein–Jensen culture medium. In total, 379 clinical isolates of MTB were isolated and identified, 57·26% of these isolates were identified as Beijing/W strains, of which 11·06% isolates were in sublineage 105, 14·74% isolates in sublineage 207, 69·59% isolates in sublineage 181, and 4·61% isolates in sublineage 150. None of the isolates was in sublineage 142. Our data showed there were four sublineages of Beijing/W isolates in Xinjiang province, China. However, there were no correlations between drug resistance and the sublineages of Beijing/W strains.

scholarly journals Diagnosis by real-time polymerase chain reaction of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes in bone marrow transplant patients with bloodstream infections

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liana Carballo Menezes ◽  
Talita Trevizani Rocchetti ◽  
Karen de Castro Bauab ◽  
Paola Cappellano ◽  
Milene Gonçalves Quiles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Marrow Transplant ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Prevalence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella spp. isolated from commercial chickens and human clinical isolates from South Africa and Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver T. Zishiri ◽  
Nelisiwe Mkhize ◽  
Samson Mukaratirwa
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
South African ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Salmonellosis is a significant public health concern around the world. The injudicious use of antimicrobial agents in poultry production for treatment, growth promotion and prophylaxis has resulted in the emergence of drug resistant strains of Salmonella. The current study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes from Salmonella isolated from South African and Brazilian broiler chickens as well as human clinical isolates. Out of a total of 200 chicken samples that were collected from South Africa 102 (51%) tested positive for Salmonella using the InvA gene. Of the overall 146 Salmonella positive samples that were screened for the iroB gene most of them were confirmed to be Salmonella enterica with the following prevalence rates: 85% of human clinical samples, 68.6% of South African chicken isolates and 70.8% of Brazilian chicken samples. All Salmonella isolates obtained were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing with 10 antibiotics. Salmonella isolates from South African chickens exhibited resistance to almost all antimicrobial agents used, such as tetracycline (93%), trimethoprim-sulfamthoxazole (84%), trimethoprim (78.4%), kanamycin (74%), gentamicin (48%), ampicillin (47%), amoxicillin (31%), chloramphenicol (31%), erythromycin (18%) and streptomycin (12%). All samples were further subjected to PCR in order to screen some common antimicrobial and virulence genes of interest namely spiC, pipD, misL, orfL, pse-1, tet A, tet B, ant (3")-la, sul 1 and sul. All Salmonella positive isolates exhibited resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent; however, antimicrobial resistance patterns demonstrated that multiple drug resistance was prevalent. The findings provide evidence that broiler chickens are colonised by pathogenic Salmonella harbouring antimicrobial resistance genes. Therefore, it is evident that there is a need for prudent use of antimicrobial agents in poultry production systems in order to mitigate the proliferation of multiple drug resistance across species.Keywords: Salmonella; antimicrobial resistance; chicken; human; susceptibility; virulence gene

scholarly journals Evaluation of biofilm-specific antimicrobial resistance genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in Farabi Hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 905-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Saffari ◽  
Shabnam Karami ◽  
Farzaneh Firoozeh ◽  
Mojtaba Sehat
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

scholarly journals Screening of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes and Epidemiological Features in Hospital and Community-Associated Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 1517-1526
Author(s):  
Ayşegül Çopur Çiçek ◽  
Ayşe Ertürk ◽  
Nebahat Ejder ◽  
Erva Rakici ◽  
Uğur Kostakoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes
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