scholarly journals Pyranocoumarins from Root Extracts of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn with Multidrug Resistance Reversal and Anti-Inflammatory Activities

Molecules ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 20967-20978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Lee ◽  
You Lee ◽  
Jinhee Kim ◽  
Ok-Sun Bang
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Resistance Reversal ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Invivo Activity of Polyherbal Gels Prepared Using Carbopol

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Parasakthi N ◽  
Deepika R ◽  
Sivanathan C ◽  
Abubackkar Sithiq PD ◽  
Venkateshan N
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
The Body ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Carbopol 940 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rich Countries

Pain and inflammation are the basic defense responses of the body that the result of the injury and any other damage to the body. During the years the concerns were raised towards the inflammation that is caused to the oxidative damage that is resulted in the physiological stress due to oxidation. There are a lot of drugs that are used to treat the condition effectively and the typical examples are NSAID’s and SAID’s which have a noted mechanism to show the anti-inflammatory activity. They have serious problems with the side effects like Gastrointestinal irritation, Gastric pain, Gastric perforations and peptic ulcers. Herbs have been used as better alternatives that are used to treat diseases. The significance of the medicinal plants had been emphasized significantly in tradition rich countries like India and all over the world. The research proof of those herbs for their activities and their traditional claims were proven. Poly Herbal Gels were prepared using the root extracts of the plant Corchorus olitorius. The gels were prepared using the Carbopol 940 and the prepared gels were investigated for their anti-inflammatory property and the gels showed a significantly better activity compared to the plant extract and the standard drug too. The addition of other drugs in to the gels added and advantage to the increase in the activity and faster onset of action as the gel was applied directly in the place of the inflammation.

Medicinal and Biological Significance of Phenoxazine Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaya Dwivedi ◽  
Neetu Yaduvanshi ◽  
Shruti Shukla ◽  
Sonika Jain
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Biological Application ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Resistance Reversal ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pharmacological Application

: Since 1887, phenoxazine derivatives have attracted attention of chemist due to its versatile utility, industrially and pharmacologically. Literature is found abundant with various pharmacological activities of phenoxazine derivatives like antitumor, anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-viral, anti-malarial, antidepressant, analgesic and many other drug resistance reversal activities. This review covers detailed over-view on pharmacological application of phenoxazine nucleus, its chemistry and reactivity and also illustrating the incorporation of different group at different positions enhancing its biological application, besides some synthetic procedures.

Piper sarmentosum Roxb. Root Extracts Confer Neuroprotection by Attenuating Beta Amyloid-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Released from Microglial Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Wan Ling Chan ◽  
Emilia Tze Ying Yeo ◽  
Kelly Wang Ling Wong ◽  
Mun Ling See ◽  
Ka Yan Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Beta Amyloid ◽  
Microglial Cells ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
P38α Mapk ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Bv2 Microglial Cells

<P>Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder that eventually leads to severe cognitive impairment. Although the exact etiologies of AD still remain elusive, increasing evidence suggests that neuroinflammation cascades mediated by microglial cells are associated with AD. Piper sarmentosum Roxb. (PS) is a medicinal plant reported to possess various biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-psychotic and anti-oxidant activity. However, little is known about the anti-inflammatory activity of PS roots despite their traditional use to treat inflammatory- mediated ailments. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties of extracts obtained from the roots of PS against beta-amyloid (Aβ)-induced microglial toxicity associated with the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Method: BV2 microglial cells were treated with hexane (RHXN), dichloromethane (RDCM), ethyl acetate (REA) and methanol (RMEOH) extracts of the roots of PS prior to activation by Aβ. The production and mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory mediators were evaluated by Griess reagent, ELISA kits and RT-qPCR respectively. The phosphorylation status of p38α MAPK was determined via western blot assay. BV2 conditioned medium was used to treat SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and the neuroprotective effect was assessed using MTT assay. Results: PS root extracts, in particular RMEOH significantly attenuated the production and mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in Aβ-induced BV2 microglial cells. In addition, RHXN, REA and RMEOH extracts significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO) level and the inhibition of NO production was correlated with the total phenolic content of the extracts. Further mechanistic studies suggested that PS root extracts attenuated the production of cytokines by regulating the phosphorylation of p38α MAPK in microglia. Importantly, PS root extracts have protective effects against Aβ-induced indirect neurotoxicity either by inhibiting the production of NO, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in BV2 cells or by protecting SHSY5Y cells against these inflammatory mediators. Conclusions: These findings provided evidence that PS root extracts confer neuroprotection against Aβ- induced microglial toxicity associated with the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and may be a potential therapeutic agent for inflammation-related neurological conditions including Alzheimer’s disease (AD).</P>

scholarly journals Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Aucklandia lappa Root Extracts on Acetic Acid-Induced Writhing in Mice and Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Hee-Geun Jo ◽  
Geon-Yeong Lee ◽  
Chae Yun Baek ◽  
Ho Sueb Song ◽  
Donghun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Monosodium Iodoacetate ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related joint disease and one of the most common degenerative bone diseases among elderly people. The currently used therapeutic strategies relying on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and steroids for OA are often associated with gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and kidney disorders, despite being proven effective. Aucklandia lappa is a well-known traditional medicine. The root of A. lappa root has several bioactive compounds and has been in use as a natural remedy for bone diseases and other health conditions. We evaluated the A. lappa root extracts on OA progression as a natural therapeutic agent. A. lappa substantially reduced writhing numbers in mice induced with acetic acid. Monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) was injected into the rats through their knee joints of rats to induce experimental OA, which shows similar pathological characteristics to OA in human. A. lappa substantially reduced the MIA-induced weight-bearing of hind limb and reversed the cartilage erosion in MIA rats. IL-1β, a representative inflammatory mediator in OA, was also markedly decreased by A. lappa in the serum of MIA rats. In vitro, A. lappa lowered the secretion of NO and suppressed the IL-1β, COX-2, IL-6, and iNOS production in RAW264.7 macrophages activated with LPS. Based on its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, A. lappa could be a potential remedial agent against OA.

scholarly journals Multidrug resistance–reversal effects of resin glycosides from Dichondra repens

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-bin Song ◽  
Wen-qiong Wang ◽  
Shu-wei Zhang ◽  
Li-jiang Xuan
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Reversal

Multidrug resistance reversal properties and cytotoxic evaluation of representatives of a novel class of HIV-1 protease inhibitors

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1704-1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudius Coburger ◽  
Hermann Lage ◽  
Joséf Molnár ◽  
Andreas Langner ◽  
Andreas Hilgeroth
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Protease Inhibitors ◽  
Resistance Reversal ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Activities of Benchalokawichian Remedy Against Doxorubicin-Sensitive and -Resistant Erythromyelogenous Leukemic Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wipob Suttana ◽  
Chatubhong Singharachai ◽  
Rawiwan Charoensup ◽  
Narawadee Rujanapun ◽  
Chutima Suya
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
K562 Cells ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Cycle Arrest

Chemotherapy can cause multidrug resistance in cancer cells and is cytotoxic to normal cells. Discovering natural bioactive compounds that are not cytotoxic to normal cells but inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in drug- sensitive and drug-resistant cancer cells could overcome these drawbacks of chemotherapy. This study investigated the antiproliferative effects of crude extracts of Benchalokawichian (BLW) remedy and its herbal components against drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancer cells, cytotoxicity of the extracts toward normal cells, and their ability to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancer cells. The extracts exhibited antiproliferative activity against doxorubicin-sensitive and doxorubicin-resistant erythromyelogenous leukemic cells (K562 and K562/adr). Tiliacora triandra root, BLW, and Harrisonia perforata root extracts displayed an IC50 of 77.00 ± 1.30, 79.33 ± 1.33, and 87.67 ± 0.67 µg/mL, respectively, against K562 cells. In contrast, Clerodendrum petasites, T. triandra, and H. perforata root extracts displayed the lowest IC50 against K562/adr cells (68.89 ± 0.75, 78.33 ± 0.69, and 86.78 ± 1.92 µg/mL, respectively). The resistance factor of the extracts was lower than that of doxorubicin, indicating that the extracts could overcome the multidrug resistance of cancer cells. Importantly, the extracts were negligibly cytotoxic to peripheral mononuclear cells, indicating minimal adverse effects in normal cells. In addition, these extracts induced apoptosis of K562 and K562/adr cells and caused cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in K562 cells. Keywords: Antiproliferative, Apoptosis, Benchalokawichian, Cell cycle, Multidrug resistance

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity, Phytochemical Screening, Analgesic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Aqueous and Methanol Root Extracts of Maerua triphylla A. Rich. (Capparaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Brian Muyukani Wangusi ◽  
Laetitia Wakonyu Kanja ◽  
Isaac Mpapuluu Ole-Mapenay ◽  
Jared Misonge Onyancha
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Aqueous Root Extract

Maerua triphylla root extracts are used by Maasai and Kikuyu communities in Kenya to manage headaches, stomachaches, migraines, and rheumatism. However, scientific data on their safety and efficacy are limited. The current study aims to investigate the safety, phytochemical constituents, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities of M. triphylla root extracts. Aqueous and methanol M. triphylla root extracts were prepared by cold maceration, and the extracts’ safety was evaluated using Wistar rats according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (2008) guidelines. Standard qualitative phytochemical screening methods were used for the detection of various phytochemical groups in the extracts. Analgesic activity assay in Swiss albino mice was done using the acetic acid-induced writhing test, while anti-inflammatory activity was determined in Wistar rats using the acetic acid-induced paw edema method. The methanol and aqueous extracts revealed LD50 > 2000 mg/kg bw, classifying them as nontoxic. The presence of cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenols was observed in both extracts. However, saponins were only present in the methanol extract. In the analgesic study, mice that received 100 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw of aqueous root extract of M. triphylla had significantly lower acetic acid-induced writhing than mice that received acetylsalicylic acid 75 mg (reference drug) ( p < 0.05 ). Additionally, mice that received 500 mg/kg bw of methanol root extract of M. triphylla had significantly lower acetic acid-induced writhing than mice that received the acetylsalicylic acid 75 mg ( p < 0.05 ). In the anti-inflammatory study, there was no significant difference ( p < 0.05 ) between the inhibitory activity of different doses of the aqueous root extract of M. triphylla and a 50 mg/kg dose of diclofenac sodium (reference drug) on acetic acid-induced paw edema in rats. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the inhibitory activity of 100 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw doses of the methanol root extract of M. triphylla and a 50 mg/kg dose of diclofenac sodium on acetic acid-induced paw edema ( p > 0.05 ). These findings suggest that the roots of M. triphylla may be useful in the safe mitigation of pain and inflammation and therefore support their ethnomedicinal use in the management of pain and inflammation.

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