scholarly journals Hwangryunhaedok-Tang Exerts Neuropreventive Effect on Memory Impairment by Reducing Cholinergic System Dysfunction and Inflammatory Response in a Vascular Dementia Rat Model

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunjin Sohn ◽  
Yu Kim ◽  
Hye-Sun Lim ◽  
Bu-Yeo Kim ◽  
Soo-Jin Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Cholinergic Dysfunction

Hwangryunhaedok-tang (HRT) is a traditional oriental herbal formula used in Asian countries for treating inflammatory diseases and controlling fever. Our present study aimed to determine whether HRT has therapeutic effects for patients with vascular dementia (VaD) using a bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) rat model and assessing spatial memory impairment and activation of neuroinflammation. BCCAO was performed in male Sprague Dawley rats to induce VaD, and oral HRT was administered daily for 30 d. Our data showed that HRT ameliorated BCCAO-induced memory and cognitive impairment in behavioral tests. In addition, HRT reversed cholinergic dysfunction and neuronal damage in the hippocampus of BCCAO rats. Furthermore, HRT attenuated microglial activation and reduced the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) induced by BCCAO. Simultaneous high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of HRT using index compounds from the herbal composition revealed that both HRT ethanol extract and commercial HRT granules primarily comprise geniposide, baicalin, and berberine. Our study showed that HRT administration resulted in the prevention of neuronal injury induced by BCCAO through improvement of cholinergic dysfunction and inhibition of neuroinflammatory responses, suggesting that HRT may have potential as a treatment for VaD.

Neuroprotective effects of thymoquinone against MDMA-induced neurotoxicity

2021 ◽  
pp. 5945-5952
Author(s):  
Mustafa NS. ◽  
Mohamad N. ◽  
Abu Bakar NH. ◽  
Mohd Adnan LH. ◽  
Jeharsae R. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Natural Compound ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Novel Object Recognition ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects

MDMA (3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is a psychoactive substance that is associated with neurotoxicity. MDMA exposure to human results in the degeneration of neuronal cells in the hippocampus. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine the potential of a natural compound known as thymoquinone (TQ) to protect against neuronal damage and memory impairment in rats stimulated by MDMA. The administration of TQ into MDMA-induced neuronal damage rats was carried out in male Sprague Dawley via a 1-week treatment dividing into four groups (n=36, 7-9 per group). The studied groups involved with the treatments comprise i) Control (1 mL/kg saline), ii) MDMA (10 mg/kg MDMA), iii) MDMA+TQ (10 mg/kg MDMA + 40 mg/kg TQ) and iv) TQ control (40 mg/kg TQ). A novel object recognition test (NORT) was carried out to evaluate the memory performance of the rats, followed by a histopathological assessment of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. The histopathology analysis revealed a significant increase in numbers of positive cells by Fluoro-Jade C following the effect of MDMA on neuronal damage (MDMA induced group) compared to control (P<0.05). Next, the TQ treatments observed in MDMA+TQ exhibited a decline in positive cells from Fluoro-Jade C. The index of recognition memory was found to be increased in MDMA+TQ compared to the MDMA alone (P<0.05). This study suggests that the neuronal damage inflicted by MDMA in a rat model has the potential to be treated by TQ.

Caffeine Consumption Prevents Memory Impairment, Neuronal Damage, and Adenosine A2A Receptors Upregulation in the Hippocampus of a Rat Model of Sporadic Dementia

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaína Espinosa ◽  
Andreia Rocha ◽  
Fernanda Nunes ◽  
Marcelo S. Costa ◽  
Vanessa Schein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Adenosine A2a Receptors ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
A2a Receptors ◽  
Adenosine A2a

scholarly journals Tilianin Ameliorates Cognitive Dysfunction and Neuronal Damage in Rats with Vascular Dementia via p-CaMKII/ERK/CREB and ox-CaMKII-Dependent MAPK/NF-κB Pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Hailun Jiang ◽  
Ghulam Md Ashraf ◽  
Mimin Liu ◽  
Kaiyue Zhao ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Neuronal Viability ◽  
Human Neurons

Vascular dementia (VaD) is a common cause of cognitive decline and dementia of vascular origin, but the precise pathological mechanisms are unknown, and so effective clinical treatments have not been established. Tilianin, the principal active compound of total flavonoid extract from Dracocephalum moldavica L., is a candidate therapy for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in China. However, its potential in the treatment of VaD is unclear. The present study is aimed at investigating the protective effects of tilianin on VaD and exploring the underlying mechanism of the action. A model of VaD was established by permanent 2-vessel occlusion (2VO) in rats. Human neurons (hNCs) differentiated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells were used to establish an oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model. The therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of tilianin were identified using behavioral tests, histochemistry, and multiple molecular biology techniques such as Western blot analysis and gene silencing. The results demonstrated that tilianin modified spatial cognitive impairment, neurodegeneration, oxidation, and apoptosis in rats with VaD and protected hNCs against OGD by increasing cell viability and decreasing apoptosis rates. A study of the mechanism indicated that tilianin restored p-CaMKII/ERK1/2/CREB signaling in the hippocampus, maintaining hippocampus-independent memory. In addition, tilianin inhibited an ox-CaMKII/p38 MAPK/JNK/NF-κB associated inflammatory response caused by cerebral oxidative stress imbalance in rats with VaD. Furthermore, specific CaMKIIα siRNA action revealed that tilianin-exerted neuroprotection involved increase of neuronal viability, inhibition of apoptosis, and suppression of inflammation, which was dependent on CaMKIIα. In conclusion, the results suggested the neuroprotective effect of tilianin in VaD and the potential mechanism associated with dysfunction in the regulation of p-CaMKII-mediated long-term memory and oxidation and inflammation involved with ox-CaMKII, which may lay the foundation for clinical trials of tilianin for the treatment of VaD in the future.

scholarly journals Ginkgolide B Alleviates Learning and Memory Impairment in Rats With Vascular Dementia by Reducing Neuroinflammation via Regulating NF-κB Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Huang ◽  
Yijie Shi ◽  
Liang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Learning ◽  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Nissl Staining

Ginkgobalide B (GB) as the main active ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine Ginkgo biloba extract is reported to reduce neuroinflammation, protect neurons and promote cognitive learning ability. To explore that GB can reduce neuroinflammation through regulating nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and overcome cognitive dysfunction in rats with vascular dementia (VD), we aim at investigating the potential effect of GB on enhancing cognitive function in rats with VD. It was found that GB improved survival of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) treated SH-SY5Y cells by attenuating inflammatory response via Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB pathway. When rats were treated with bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) for 24 h, saline and GB were administered in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats via a single intraperitoneal injection for consecutive 14 days. The behavioral changes of VD like rats treated with GB were observed through open field test, Morris water maze (MWM) and Y-maze electric maze. Nissl staining and immunofluorescence were used to observe changes of neurons in the hippocampus of rats. Western blot analysis was performed by detecting NF-κB pathway related inflammatory factors. The results found that GB can significantly improve the learning and memory ability of VD rats by reducing TLR4/NF-κB mediated neuroinflammation. In conclusion, GB seemed to be a potential drug for amelioration of learning and memory impairment in rats with VD.

Effect of Melatonin and Resveratrol against Memory Impairment and Hippocampal Damage in a Rat Model of Vascular Dementia

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 318-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongfang Shen ◽  
Xiaoyan Tian ◽  
Wenxu Sang ◽  
Rongrong Song
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Hippocampal Damage

scholarly journals Chrysanthemum indicum Attenuates Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity both in vivo and in vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Won Kim ◽  
Young-Jung Kim ◽  
So-Ra Park ◽  
Chang-Seob Seo ◽  
Hyekyung Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Pk15 Cell ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
Chrysanthemum Indicum

Chrysanthemum indicum Linné has been used in traditional medicine to treat various inflammatory diseases in East Asia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of C. indicum ethanol extract (CILE) against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. An HPLC-photodiode array method was used for fingerprint analysis of the CILE and ten major constituents were quantitatively analyzed. The protective effect of CILE on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity was assessed using both in vitro (porcine kidney cell; PK15 cell) and in vivo (Sprague Dawley rat) experiments. In the in vitro study, CILE enhanced PK15 cell viability after cisplatin treatment with recovered antioxidant status. Moreover, the increased p53 expression after cisplatin treatment was decreased in the CILE pretreated cells. In the in vivo study, SD rats were treated for 28 consecutive days with CILE (0, 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg). On day 23, a single dose of cisplatin (5 mg/kg) was injected to induce nephrotoxicity. The CILE pretreated group showed recovered serum renal function index with ameliorated oxidative stress. Histopathological alterations and apoptosis in the kidney were also decreased in CILE pretreated rats. Taken together, CILE could attenuate cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and might be a beneficial agent for acute renal failure management.

scholarly journals EFEK LAMA WAKTU PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL SELEDRI (Apium graveolens L.) TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN PENINGKATAN KADAR IL-1β PADA TIKUS MODEL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Afifah Afifah ◽  
Khusnul Muflikhah ◽  
Viva Ratih Bening Ati
Keyword(s):  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Interleukin 1Β ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Elisa Data

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the condition that disrupted the blood supply to the organ followed by the restoration of blood flow. IRI in the kidneys promotes the inflammatory cascade. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) belongs to the most powerful pro-inflammatory cytokine that released in the early phase of IRI. Prevention of inflammation is one of the strategies for reducing kidney damage due to IRI. Celery (Apium graveolens L) is a natural resource that reported has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of duration of the administration ethanol extract of celery on IL-1β level in the IRI rat model. Twenty-five rats male Sprague Dawley, 2-3 months old were divided into 5 groups: Sham operations (SO, n=5), Ischemia-reperfusion (IR, n=5), celery 1000 mg/ kg BW for 7 days before IR (IR7) (IR7, n=5), 14 days before IR (IR14, n=5), 28 days before IR (IR28, n=5). The IL-1β level was assessed using the ELISA. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA (p<0.05). The results showed that the mean of IL-1β levels in the IR7 group (5.99±4.28 ng/L) and R14 (4.68±2.64 ng/L) were lower than IR group (8.19±5.36 ng/L), while the R28 group (9.05 ± 4.38 ng/L) was higher than the IR group (8.19±5.36 ng/L). In conclusion, the administration of celery ethanol extract 1000 mg/ kg BW for 7 days and 14 days can prevent the increase of IL-1β level in the IRI rat model.   Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) adalah suatu keadaan yang terjadi ketika suplai darah sebagian atau seluruh organ terganggu diikuti pemulihan aliran darah. IRI pada ginjal memicu terjadinya inflamasi. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) termasuk sitokin pro-inflamasi paling kuat yang keluar selama fase awal IRI. Pencegahan terhadap inflamasi merupakan strategi untuk menurunkan kerusakan ginjal akibat IRI. Seledri merupakan salah satu bahan alam yang diketahui mempunyai efek antiiflamasi dan antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efek lama waktu pemberian ekstrak etanol seledri terhadap pencegahan peningkatan kadar IL-1β pada tikus model IRI. Sebanyak 25 ekor tikus jantan Sprague Dawley, 2-3 bulan, dikelompokkan menjadi 5, yaitu Sham Operation (SO, n=5), Ischemia-reperfusion (IR, n=5), seledri 1000 mg/kgBB selama 7 hari sebelum IR(IR7, n=5), 14 hari sebelum IR(IR14, n=5), dan 28 hari sebelum IR(IR28, n=5). Kadar IL-1β diukur menggunakan metode ELISA. Data dianalisis dengan One Way ANOVA (p<0,05). Rerata kadar IL-1β pada kelompok IR7 (5,99±4,28 ng/L) dan IR14 (4,68±2,64 ng/L) lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kelompok IR (8,19±5,36 ng/L), sedangkan kelompok IR28 (9,05±4,38 ng/L) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok IR (8,19±5,36 ng/L). Pemberian ekstrak etanol seledri 1000 mg/kgBB selama 7 hari dan 14 hari dapat mencegah peningkatan kadar IL-1β pada tikus model IRI.

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