scholarly journals Carpesium divaricatum Sieb. & Zucc. Revisited: Newly Identified Constituents from Aerial Parts of the Plant and Their Possible Contribution to the Biological Activity of the Plant

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Kłeczek ◽  
Barbara Michalak ◽  
Janusz Malarz ◽  
Anna Karolina Kiss ◽  
Anna Stojakowska
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Chlorogenic Acids ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Use

Carpesium divaricatum Sieb. & Zucc. has a long history of use as both a medicinal and a food plant. However, except for terpenoids, its chemical constituents have remained poorly investigated. The composition of hydroalcoholic extract from aerial parts of C. divaricatum was analyzed by HPLC-DAD-MSn, revealing the presence of numerous caffeic acid derivatives that were formerly unknown constituents of the plant. In all, 17 compounds, including commonly found chlorogenic acids and rarely occurring butyryl and methylbutyryl tricaffeoylhexaric acids, were tentatively identified. Fractionation of lipophilic extract from cultivated shoots led to the isolation of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (12-OPDA), which is a newly identified constituent of the plant. The compound, at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.5 μM, significantly reduced IL-8, IL-1β, TNFα, and CCL2 excretion by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human neutrophils. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by f-MLP was also significantly diminished in the neutrophils pretreated by 12-OPDA. The newly identified constituents of the plant seem to be partly responsible for its pharmacological activity and elevate the value of C. divaricatum as a potential functional food.

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents from Farfugium Japonicum Var. formosanum

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Fei Hsieh ◽  
Tain-Jye Hsieh ◽  
Mohamed El-Shazly ◽  
Ying-Chi Du ◽  
Chin-Chung Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Spectral Techniques ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Farfugium Japonicum ◽  
First Time

Two new eremophilenolides, 6β8β10β-trihydroxyeremophil-7(11)-en-12,8-olide (1) and 3βacetoxy-8α-hydroxy-6β-methoxyeremophila-7(11),9-dien-12,8-olide (2) along with twenty-nine other compounds were obtained from the methanolic extracts of the aerial parts and rhizomes of Farfugium japonicum (L.) Kitam. v ar. formosanum (Hayata) Kitam. (Compositae = Asteraceae). The structures of the isolated compounds were characterized and identified by spectral techniques. Compounds 5, 6, 10, 12-24, 29, and 30, were reported for the first time from this genus. Cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of the isolated compounds were evaluated. Compounds 3 and 16 possessed moderate cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cell line (MCF 7). Compounds 3, 16, 25 and 26 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against hepatoma cells (Hep G2 and Hep 3B). With respect to the anti-inflammatory activity, compounds 15 and 16 (each 10 μg/mL) inhibited superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to fMLP/CB by 92.0% and 87.3%, respectively.

scholarly journals Zuccagnia punctata: A Review of its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601101 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Inés Isla ◽  
María Alejandra Moreno ◽  
Gabriela Nuño ◽  
Fabiola Rodriguez ◽  
Antonella Carabajal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Herbal Medicinal Products ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
History Of Use ◽  
Chemical Groups

Zuccagnia punctata Cav. (Fabaceae, Caesalpiniaceae) is a plant with a long history of use in Argentine traditional medicines; it belongs to a monotypic genus, and is an endemic species of Argentina. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity and toxicology of Z. punctata. A wide range of traditional uses are cited in the literature such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor, among others. Pharmacological studies to date have demonstrated significant activities that support the traditional uses of this plant. No human clinical trials had been completed up to the time of this review and no toxic effect had been detected in animals. Compounds from different chemical groups have been isolated such as phenolic compounds and essential oils. Plant extracts and phytochemicals isolated exhibit a broad range of activities, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antigenotoxic, antioxidant, antiulcer, and nematicidal. The main bioactive phytochemicals in the aerial parts (leaf, stem and flower) were identified as 2′, 4′-dihydroxy-3′-methoxychalcone and 2′, 4′-dihydroxychalcone and were proposed as chemical markers. Consequently, standardized dry extracts of aerial parts of Z. puntacta could be used in herbal medicinal products. Also, they could be included in phytotherapeutic preparations such as capsules, creams, and gels, and for microencapsulation.

Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Iridoids and Phenylpropanoids from Aerial Parts of Lamium album and Their Anti-inflammatory Activity in Human Neutrophils

Planta Medica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (12/13) ◽  
pp. 1011-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Czerwińska ◽  
Anita Świerczewska ◽  
Marta Woźniak ◽  
Anna Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Production ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Species Production ◽  
Lamium Album

AbstractIn traditional medicine, flowers and aerial parts of Lamium album are assigned by their anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and mucolytic activities, and are used in chronic bronchitis and pharyngitis as well as skin, vaginal, and cervical inflammation.The aim of the present study was to compare effects of ethanolic extracts prepared from flowers and aerial parts of L. album on selected functions of human neutrophils, which are involved in an inflammatory response. In order to identify the compounds engaged in the anti-inflammatory activity of extracts, the bioassay-guided isolation of compounds was performed based on the inhibition of cytokine secretion by stimulated neutrophils.The extracts were phytochemically characterized with the HPLC-DAD-MSn method. The inhibition of reactive oxygen species production by formyl-met-leu-phenylalanine- or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated neutrophils was determined using luminol- or lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence. The effect on myeloperoxidase secretion by neutrophils was established spectrophotometrically. The levels of cytokine (interleukin 8, TNF-α) production after extract treatment was measured by ELISA.The most abundant constituents of extracts were phenylpropanoids, iridoids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. Both extracts at concentrations of 25 and 100 µg/mL significantly inhibited reactive oxygen species production, and myeloperoxidase and interleukin 8 secretion. The phenylethanoid glycosides, such as lamiusides A, B, and C as well as 6″-O-β-D-glucopyranosylmartynoside, were isolated and identified. The cells treated with 6″-O-β-D-glucopyranosylmartynoside and lamiuside B produced 29.47 ± 7.11 % and 64.67 ± 5.25 % of interleukin 8, respectively, compared to non-treated control cells.Our results support the traditional use of L. album and indicate it as a potential source of natural anti-inflammatory constituents, such as phenylpropanoids.

Human neutrophils ROS inhibition and protective effects of Myrtus communis leaves essential oils against intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (20) ◽  
pp. 16645-16655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed-Amine Jabri ◽  
Soumaya Hajaji ◽  
Lamjed Marzouki ◽  
Jamel El-Benna ◽  
Mohsen Sakly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Intestinal Ischemia ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Myrtus Communis ◽  
Intestinal Ischemia Reperfusion

The aim of the present work was to investigate the mechanism implicated in the protective effects ofMyrtus communisleaves essential oils (MCEO) on human neutrophils reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.

scholarly journals Proteinase-Activated Receptor-2 Agonist Activates Anti-Influenza Mechanisms and Modulates IFNγ-Induced Antiviral Pathways in Human Neutrophils

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micha Feld ◽  
Victoria Shpacovitch ◽  
Christina Ehrhardt ◽  
Michaela Fastrich ◽  
Tobias Goerge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Antiviral Resistance ◽  
Antiviral Defense ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Human Leukocytes ◽  
Antiviral Responses

Proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) is expressed by human leukocytes and participates in the development of inflammatory diseases. Recent studies demonstrated an ability of PAR2agonist to enhance IFNγ-induced antiviral responses of human leukocytes. However, the precise cellular antiviral defense mechanisms triggered in leukocytes after stimulation with IFNγand/or PAR2agonist remain elusive. Therefore, we aimed to identify neutrophil defense mechanisms involved in antiviral resistance. Here we demonstrated that PAR2agonist enhanced IFNγ-related reduction of influenza A virus (IAV) replication in human neutrophils. PAR2-mediated decrease in IAV replication was associated with reduced NS-1 transcription. Moreover, PAR2-dependent neutrophil activation resulted in enhanced myeloperoxidase degranulation and extracellular myeloperoxidase disrupted IAV. The production of ROS was elevated in response to PAR2activation. Interestingly, IFNγdid not influence both effects: PAR2agonist-triggered myeloperoxidase (MPO) release and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which are known to limit IAV infections. In contrast, orthomyxovirus resistance gene A (MxA) protein expression was synergistically elevated through PAR2agonist and IFNγin neutrophils. Altogether, these findings emphasize two PAR2-controlled antiviral mechanisms that are independent of or modulated by IFNγ.

scholarly journals In vitro antioxidant and ex vivo anti-cataract activity of ethanolic extract of Cineraria maritima: a traditional plant from Nilgiri hills

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Durgapal ◽  
Vijay Juyal ◽  
Anurag Verma
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
History Of Use ◽  
Cineraria Maritima

Abstract Background Cineraria maritima has a long history of use in the treatment of cataract and other eye-related problems in the homeopathic system of medicines. High oxidative stress is one of the major underlying causes of cataract which results in the precipitation of natural protein present in the lenses with aging. This research has been carried out to determine the anti-cataract activity of C. maritima by performing various antioxidant techniques such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, and studies in oxidative stress–induced ex vivo cataract model. Results Results of the study conducted in the ethanolic extract of aerial parts (leaves and stems) of C. maritima revealed the presence of various phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, etc. Total phenol and total flavonoid content was found to be 6.31 ± 0.06 % w/w and 2.14 ± 0.09% w/w respectively, which revealed that the plant contains a good amount of these compounds and hence possesses good antioxidant activity. Furthermore, IC50 values obtained from all the methods gave strong evidence regarding the antioxidant potential of this plant. Anti-cataract activity was also investigated using goat eye lenses and promising results were obtained which speak voluminously about its anti-cataract potential and support its well-prescribed use. Conclusion Results obtained with this study clearly supported the significant antioxidant potential and anti-cataract activity of this plant. Further, this plant demands great attention for the development of suitable novel dosage forms for the effective treatment of cataract.

scholarly journals IgG-aggregates rapidly up-regulate FcgRI expression at the surface of human neutrophils in a FcgRII-dependent fashion: A crucial role for FcgRI in the generation of reactive oxygen species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Huot ◽  
Cynthia Laflamme ◽  
Paul R. Fortin ◽  
Eric Boilard ◽  
Marc Pouliot
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Key Players

AbstractAutoimmune complexes are an important feature of several autoimmune diseases such as lupus, as they contribute to tissue damage through the activation of immune cells. Neutrophils, key players in lupus, interact with immune complexes through Fc gamma receptors (FcgR). Incubation of neutrophils with aggregated-IgGs caused degranulation and increased the surface expression of FcgRI within minutes in a concentration-dependent fashion. After 30 min, IgG aggregates (1 mg/ml) up-regulated FcgRI by 4.95 ± 0.45-fold. FcgRI-positive neutrophils reached 67.24% ± 6.88% on HA-IgGs stimulated neutrophils, from 3.12% ± 1.62% in non-stimulated cells, ranking IgG-aggregates among the most potent known agonists. FcgRIIa, and possibly FcgRIIIa, appeared to mediate this up-regulation. Also, FcgRI-dependent signaling proved necessary for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in response to IgG-aggregates. Finally, combinations of bacterial materials with aggregates dramatically boosted ROS production. This work suggests FcgRI as an essential component in the response of human neutrophils to immune complexes leading to the production of ROS, which may help explain how neutrophils contribute to tissue damage associated with immune complex-associated diseases, such as lupus.

scholarly journals Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Some Species of the Genus Galium L. Galium Verum and Mollugo

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Bradic ◽  
Anica Petkovic ◽  
Marina Tomovic
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Use

Abstract Galium verum L. and Galium mollugo L. are perennial herbaceous plants, belonging to the Rubiaceae family. Several classes of bioactive compounds, such as iridoid glycosides, phenolic compounds, anthraquinones and triterpenes, as well as small amounts of tannins, saponins, essential oils have been isolated from Galium species so far. Plants belonging to this genus have a long history of use in a traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases and conditions. Th e main application of G. verum is as diuretic, choleretic and as the treatment for gout and epilepsy. On the other hand, G. mollugo has been used to treat hysteria, epilepsy, as vulnerary. Over the past decades, numerous papers have been published referring to the chemical constituents presented in G. verum and G. mollugo extracts. Additionally, chemical composition and pharmacological effects of G. verum have been investigated, however data related to the effects of G. mollugo is limited. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of G. verum and G. mollugo. Finally, we proposed directions for future research in this field, which can improve our understanding of the potential health benefits of Galium species.

scholarly journals Constituents of Xerolekia speciosissima (L.) Anderb. (Inuleae), and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of 7,10-Diisobutyryloxy-8,9-epoxythymyl Isobutyrate

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 4913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Kłeczek ◽  
Janusz Malarz ◽  
Barbara Gierlikowska ◽  
Anna K. Kiss ◽  
Anna Stojakowska
Keyword(s):  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
The North ◽  
Thymol Derivatives ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Dicaffeoylquinic Acid ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Methyl Caffeate ◽  
Dehydrodiconiferyl Alcohol

Xerolekia speciosissima (L.) Anderb., a rare plant from the north of Italy, is a member of the Inuleae-Inulinae subtribe of the Asteraceae. Despite its close taxonomic relationship with many species possessing medicinal properties, the chemical composition of the plant has remained unknown until now. A hydroalcoholic extract from the aerial parts of X. speciosissima was analyzed by HPLC-DAD-MSn, revealing the presence of caffeic acid derivatives and flavonoids. In all, 19 compounds, including commonly found chlorogenic acids and less frequently occurring butyryl and methylbutyryl conjugates of dicaffeoylquinic and tricaffeoylhexaric acids, plus two flavonoids, were tentatively identified. Chromatographic separation of a hydroalcoholic extract from the capitula of the plant led to the isolation of (+)-dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 4-O-β-glucopyranoside, quercimeritrin, astragalin, isoquercitrin, 6-hydroxykaempferol-7-O-β-glucoside, quercetagitrin, methyl caffeate, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid and 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid. Composition of a nonpolar extract from the aerial parts of the plant was analyzed by chromatographic methods supported with 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The analysis revealed the presence of loliolide, reynosin, samtamarine, 2,3-dihydroaromaticin, 2-deoxy-4-epi-pulchellin and thymol derivatives as terpenoid constituents of the plant. One of the latter compounds—7,10-diisobutyryloxy-8,9-epoxythymyl isobutyrate—at concentrations 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 μM, significantly reduced IL-8, IL-1β and CCL2 excretion by LPS-stimulated human neutrophils.

scholarly journals Assembly of NADPH Oxidase in Human Neutrophils Is Modulated by the Opacity-Associated Protein Expression State of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 1036-1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asya Smirnov ◽  
Kylene P. Daily ◽  
Alison K. Criss
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Strain Fa1090

ABSTRACTNeisseria gonorrhoeae(the gonococcus, Gc) triggers a potent inflammatory response and recruitment of neutrophils to the site of infection. Gc survives exposure to neutrophils despite these cells' antimicrobial products, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS production in neutrophils is initiated by NADPH oxidase, which converts oxygen into superoxide. The subunits of NADPH oxidase are spatially separated between granules (gp91phox/p22phox) and the cytoplasm (p47phox, p67phox, and p40phox). Activation of neutrophils promotes the coassembly of NADPH oxidase subunits at phagosome and/or plasma membranes. While Gc-expressing opacity-associated (Opa) proteins can induce neutrophils to produce ROS, Opa-negative (Opa−) Gc does not stimulate neutrophil ROS production. Using constitutively Opa−and OpaD-positive (OpaD+) Gc bacteria in strain FA1090, we now show that the difference in ROS production levels in primary human neutrophils between these backgrounds can be attributed to differential assembly of NADPH oxidase. Neutrophils infected with Opa−Gc showed limited translocation of NADPH oxidase cytoplasmic subunits to cellular membranes, including the bacterial phagosome. In contrast, these subunits rapidly translocated to neutrophil membranes following infection with OpaD+Gc. gp91phoxand p22phoxwere recruited to Gc phagosomes regardless of bacterial Opa expression. These results suggest that Opa−Gc interferes with the recruitment of neutrophil NADPH oxidase cytoplasmic subunits to membranes, in particular, the p47phox“organizing” subunit, to prevent assembly of the holoenzyme, resulting in an absence of the oxidative burst.

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