A Strategy for Quality Control of Vespa magnifica (Smith) Venom Based on HPLC Fingerprint Analysis and Multi-Component Separation Combined with Quantitative Analysis

As a folk medicine of the Jingpo minority in Yunnan province, the venom of Vespa magnifica has been commonly used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Quality standardization of the wasp venom is a necessary step for its pharmaceutical research and development. To control the quality of the wasp venom, a method based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed for chemical fingerprint analysis. In the chromatographic fingerprinting, chemometrics procedures, including similarity analysis (SA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), and principal component analysis (PCA), were applied to classify 134 batches (S1–S134) of wasp venom from different origins. The HPLC fingerprint method displayed good precision (Relative standard deviation, RSD < 0.27%), stability (in 16 h, RSD < 0.34%), and repeatability (RSD < 1.00%). Simultaneously, four compounds (VMS1, VMS2, VMS3, and VMS4) in the wasp venom were purified and identified. VMS1 was 5-hydroxytryptamine, and the other compounds were three peptides that were sequenced as follows: Gly–Arg–Pro–Hyp–Gly–Phe–Ser–Pro–Phe–Arg–Ile–Asp–NH2 (VMS2), Ile–Asn–Leu–Lys–Ala–Ile–Ala–Ala–Leu–Ala–Lys–Lys–Leu–Leu–NH2 (VMS3), and Phe–Leu–Pro–Ile–Ile–Gly–Lys–Leu–Leu–Ser–Gly–Leu–Leu–NH2 (VMS4). The quantifications for these components were 110.2 mg/g, 26.9 mg/g, 216.3 mg/g, and 58.0 mg/g, respectively. The results of this work indicated that the combination of the chemical fingerprint and quantitative analysis offers a reasonable way to evaluate the quality of wasp venom.

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Chemical Fingerprint Analysis and Quantitative Analysis of Saccharides in Morindae Officinalis Radix by HPLC-ELSD

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26237242 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (23) ◽

pp. 7242

Author(s):

Hongmei Sun ◽

Yini Cai ◽

Jie Shen ◽

Enyao Ma ◽

Zhimin Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Ion Mobility ◽

High Performance ◽

Gradient Elution ◽

Fingerprint Analysis ◽

Chemical Fingerprint ◽

Hplc Fingerprint ◽

Light Scattering Detection ◽

Evaporative Light Scattering

A method based on high performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD) was developed for the quantitative analysis of three active compounds and chemical fingerprint analyses of saccharides in Morindae officinalis radix. Ten batches of Morindae officinalis radix were collected from different plantations in the Guangdong region of China and used to establish the fingerprint. The samples were separated with a COSMOIL Sugar-D column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) by using gradient elution with water (A) and acetonitrile (B). In addition, Trapped-Ion-Mobility (tims) Time-Of-Flight (tims TOF) was used to identify saccharides of Morindae officinalis radix. Fingerprint chromatogram presented 26 common characteristic peaks in the roots of Morinda officinalis How, and the similarities were more than 0.926. In quantitative analysis, the three compounds showed good regression (r = 0.9995–0.9998) within the test ranges, and the recoveries of the method were in the range of 96.7–101.7%. The contents of sucrose, kestose and nystose in all samples were determined as 1.21–7.92%, 1.02–3.37%, and 2.38–6.55%, respectively. The developed HPLC fingerprint method is reliable and was validated for the quality control and identification of Morindae officinalis radix and can be successfully used to assess the quality of Morindae officinalis radix.

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The Classification of betel leaves (Piper betle) from 15 ethnics in eastern Indonesia based on phytochemicals fingerprint analysis

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d210133 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dimas Andrianto ◽

Husnawati ◽

Suci Hermita ◽

Sari Haryanti

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Principal Component ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Fingerprint Analysis ◽

Hplc Fingerprint ◽

Eastern Indonesia ◽

West Papua ◽

Phytochemical Profiles ◽

Central Sulawesi

Abstract. Andrianto D, Husnawati, Hermita S, Haryanti S. 2020. Classification of betel leaves (Piper betle) from 15 ethnics in eastern Indonesia based on phytochemicals fingerprint analysis. Biodiversitas 21: 252-257. Betel (Piper betle Linn), also called Golden Heart of Nature, is often used as traditional medicine. Nonetheless, betel plants originated from different places contains different phytochemicals profile, resulting in different utilization across ethnics. The research aimed to classify betel leaves from eastern Indonesia origins based on phytochemical profiles. In this study, the phytochemical profiles of 69 betel leave samples from 15 ethnics in eastern Indonesia were obtained using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint analysis. This data was then used to classify the betel leaves samples using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results of the analysis show that the betel leaves from Eastern Indonesia can be divided into three clusters. Cluster 1 consisted of betel leaves originated from two ethnics, namely Komoro and Greri, from Papua, while Cluster 2 consisted of those originated of two ethnics, namely Sumber Baba and Demta, both were also from Papua. Cluster 3 consisted of betel leaves originated 11 ethnics, namely Asilulu (Maluku), Balesang (Central Sulawesi), Bungku (Central Sulawesi), Mulong Kuni (Central Sulawesi), Saluan (Central Sulawesi), Tialo (Central Sulawesi), Tolage (Central Sulawesi), Gebe (North Maluku), Makian (North Maluku), Mey Brat (West Papua) and Waigeo (West Papua). The location of P. betle plantation in this research accounts for clusterization of samples, Papua island give the highest biodiversity because we can find all the three cluster in Papua island.

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Quality assessment of Moringa seed shells based on fingerprinting using HPLC-DAD

Acta Chromatographica ◽

10.1556/1326.2019.00545 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 28-33

Author(s):

Yanqin Zhu ◽

Ping Du ◽

Shaojun Huang ◽

Qinhong Yin ◽

Yaling Yang

Keyword(s):

Quality Control ◽

Clustering Analysis ◽

High Performance ◽

Principal Component ◽

Gradient Elution ◽

Good Precision ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Hplc Fingerprint ◽

Array Detection ◽

Comprehensive Reference

A fingerprint analysis method was established for the quality control of Moringa seed shells by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC–DAD). The HPLC–DAD separation was performed on a Thermo Hypersil Gold C18 (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) column by gradient elution with acetonitrile–water as mobile phase. The fingerprint of Moringa seed shells was established with good precision, reproducibility, and stability obtaining within 60 min, and 13 common peaks in the fingerprint were designed. Similarity analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) were carried out to analyze the obtained fingerprints. The similarity among 11 batches of samples in addition to No. 5 and 6 was no less than 0.92. Eleven samples could be classified into 2 clusters. The HPLC fingerprint technology and application of chemical pattern recognition can provide a more comprehensive reference for the quality control of medicinal plants.

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Quality Assessment of Fructus xanthii Based on Fingerprinting Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.5740/jaoacint.11-032 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 95 (4) ◽

pp. 1053-1058 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Liu Yang ◽

Zhijun Su ◽

Xing Zeng ◽

Xiong Li ◽

Zhifeng Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Assessment ◽

High Performance ◽

Quality Evaluation ◽

Evaluation Method ◽

Multicomponent System ◽

Principal Component ◽

Uv Spectra ◽

Hplc Fingerprint ◽

Hplc Profiles

Abstract Because almost every traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a multicomponent system, QC of TCMs always involves various difficulties. As a current popular quality assessment approach, focusing on qualitative and quantitative analysis of certain compounds contained in herbal medicine has been widely used for the sake of expediency rather than being a practical and realistic way. However, this method does not take the existence of other constituents into account. Comparatively, the chromatographic fingerprint of the components is a more suitable approach to holistically assess the quality of herbal drugs. Fructus xanthii is a well-known herbal drug listed in all editions of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. However, there is no quality evaluation method given in its monograph, even for the above-mentioned expediency. This paper reports an HPLC fingerprinting method for quality evaluation of F. xanthii. The HPLC profiles of 27 batches of commercial samples were further analyzed using chemometric methods, including similarity evaluation and principal component analysis. As a result, the established HPLC fingerprint contained 23 characteristic peaks; therein, 13 peaks were unambiguously assigned by comparing their retention times and UV spectra with those of reference compounds, and five peaks were tentatively identified on the basis of their MS/MS fragmentation patterns and UV spectra. Moreover, it could be clearly observed that caffeoylquinic acid and its analogs predominate in F. xanthii. Except for three samples identified as outliers, 24 other commercial samples displayed similar HPLC profiles, indicating that the quality of the herbs from different markets is stable and consistent.

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HPLC Fingerprint Analysis Combined with Chemometrics for Authentication of Kaempferia galanga from Related Species

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.22146/ijc.21146 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 308 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cahya Septyanti ◽

Irmanida Batubara ◽

Mohamad Rafi

Keyword(s):

Principal Component Analysis ◽

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Discriminant Analysis ◽

Related Species ◽

High Performance ◽

Principal Component ◽

Fingerprint Analysis ◽

Hplc Fingerprint ◽

Kaempferia Galanga

Fingerprint analysis using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been developed for authentication of Kaempferia galanga from related species, such as Kaempferia pandurata and K. rotunda. By comparing the fingerprint chromatograms of K. galanga, K. pandurata and K. rotunda, we could identify K. galanga samples and detect adulteration of K. galanga from K. pandurata and K. rotunda by using their marker peaks. We also combined HPLC fingerprint with chemometrics for discrimination the three species and also for authentication of K. galanga. All the three species and K. galanga adulterated with K. pandurata and K. rotunda were discriminated successfully by using principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA). This result indicates that HPLC fingerprint analysis in combination with PCA (PC1 = 30.06% and PC2 = 34.74%) and DA (DF1 = 94.59% and DF2 = 3.32%) could be used for authentication of K. galanga samples from the related species.

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Quality Control Methodology and Their Application in Analysis on HPLC Fingerprint Spectra of Herbal Medicines

Chromatography Research International ◽

10.1155/2012/851792 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zou Hua-Bin ◽

Du Ai-Qin ◽

Zhang Xin-Ling ◽

Wei Pei-Hai ◽

Lu Wei-Jie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Control ◽

Significant Variation ◽

High Performance ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Principal Component ◽

Similarity Analysis ◽

Active Components ◽

Hplc Fingerprint ◽

Control Methodology

As traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gradually accepted by many countries, people pay much attention to the quality of herbal medicines. Because of the significant variation in active components in them, the quality control of herbal medicines is a very important issue. Nowadays, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint spectra (FPS) are widely used in identification and quality control of herbal medicines. This paper will analyze the methodology and their application in identifying and evaluating herbal medicines by means of HPLC FPS, which includes simple comparing, clustering, principal component analysis (PCA), and similarity analysis methods.

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Combinative method using multi-components quantitation by single reference standard and HPLC fingerprint for comprehensive evaluation of Rhodiola crenulata H.Ohba

Analytical Methods ◽

10.1039/c4ay00422a ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (15) ◽

pp. 5891-5898 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yiyang Du ◽

Qing Li ◽

Jingjing Liu ◽

Yidi Yin ◽

Kaishun Bi

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Reference Standard ◽

Fingerprint Analysis ◽

Chromatographic Fingerprint ◽

Hplc Fingerprint ◽

Rhodiola Crenulata ◽

Different Origins

HPLC-DAD quantitative analysis and chromatographic fingerprint analysis were developed to evaluate the quality of Rhodiola crenulata H.Ohba from different origins.

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Development and application of a spectrophotometric method in quality evaluation of benzimidazole anthelminthics in Nairobi city county

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1186/s43094-020-00103-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Johnson K. Murage ◽

Beatrice K. Amugune ◽

Peter Njogu ◽

Stanley Ndwigah

Keyword(s):

Spectrophotometric Method ◽

High Performance ◽

Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽

Developing Economies ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Prolonged Treatment ◽

Good Precision ◽

Market Surveillance

Abstract Background Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a group of communicable diseases which are prevalent in the tropics affecting more than one billion people. Treatment and prevention of these infections is very costly to developing economies. Helminthiases are classified among NTDs. The communities afflicted are poor and have limited access to essential resources for their livelihood. Poor-quality drugs for NTDs may lead to death or prolonged treatment without achieving the desired results. The limited resources used in purchasing poor-quality drugs will therefore be wasted instead of being put to good use. Most of the methods available for the analysis of benzimidazole anthelminthics utilize high-performance liquid chromatography. They are therefore time consuming, require sophisticated and expensive equipment, utilize rare and expensive reagents and solvents, and call for skilled personnel. A simple, rapid, and inexpensive ultraviolet spectrophotometric method of analysis would therefore come in handy especially in the analysis of many samples as occurs during post-authorization market surveillance for quality. Results The suitable solvent for the spectroscopic analysis was established as 0.1 M methanolic HCl. The wavelength of analysis was set at 294 nm. Upon validation, the method was found to have good linearity. The range over which linearity was established was way beyond the 80 to 120% of the working concentration specified by the ICH. The method exhibited good precision. Out of 32 commercial samples analyzed, five (15.6%) did not comply with compendial specifications. Intra-brand batch variation was also observed. Out of three batches of product A002T analyzed, one did not comply with compendial specifications. Conclusion A major limitation in the analysis of benzimidazole anthelminthics is the lack of reliable, simple, rapid, and low-cost methods of analysis with high throughput. The developed method serves to fill this gap. It can be used in the analysis of raw materials and finished products. It can also be used in the establishment of the quality of products prior to registration. The method will prove very useful in post-market surveillance of quality of benzimidazole anthelminthics.

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Discrimination of the Geographical Origin of the Lateral Roots of Aconitum carmichaelii Using the Fingerprint, Multicomponent Quantification, and Chemometric Methods

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24224124 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (22) ◽

pp. 4124 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lu-Lin Miao ◽

Qin-Mei Zhou ◽

Cheng Peng ◽

Chun-Wang Meng ◽

Xiao-Ya Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Geographical Origin ◽

Lateral Roots ◽

Principal Component ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Similarity Analysis ◽

Diterpenoid Alkaloids ◽

Linear Discriminant ◽

Hplc Fingerprint ◽

Aconitum Carmichaelii

Fuzi is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine developed from the lateral roots of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. It is rich in alkaloids that display a wide variety of bioactivities, and it has a strong cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity. In order to discriminate the geographical origin and evaluate the quality of this medicine, a method based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed for multicomponent quantification and chemical fingerprint analysis. The measured results of 32 batches of Fuzi from three different regions were evaluated by chemometric analysis, including similarity analysis (SA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The content of six representative alkaloids of Fuzi (benzoylmesaconine, benzoylhypaconine, benzoylaconine, mesaconitine, hypaconitine, and aconitine) were varied by geographical origin, and the content ratios of the benzoylmesaconine/mesaconitine and diester-type/monoester-type diterpenoid alkaloids may be potential traits for classifying the geographical origin of the medicine. In the HPLC fingerprint similarity analysis, the Fuzi from Jiangyou, Sichuan, was distinguished from the Fuzi from Butuo, Sichuan, and the Fuzi from Yunnan. Based on the HCA and PCA analyses of the content of the six representative alkaloids, all of the batches were classified into two categories, which were closely related to the plants’ geographical origins. The Fuzi samples from Jiangyou were placed into one category, while the Fuzi samples from Butuo and Yunnan were put into another category. The LDA analysis provided an efficient and satisfactory prediction model for differentiating the Fuzi samples from the above-mentioned three geographical origins. Thus, the content of the six representative alkaloids and the fingerprint similarity values were useful markers for differentiating the geographical origin of the Fuzi samples.

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Chemical Fingerprint of ‘Oblačinska’ Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) Pollen

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom9090391 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 391 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fotirić Akšić ◽

Gašić ◽

Dabić Zagorac ◽

Sredojević ◽

Tosti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Amperometric Detection ◽

Principal Component ◽

Sour Cherry ◽

Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽

Exchange Chromatography ◽

Array Detector ◽

Coumaric Acid ◽

Chemical Fingerprint ◽

High Level

The aim of this research was to analyze sugars and phenolics of pollen obtained from 15 different ‘Oblačinska’ sour cherry clones and to assess the chemical fingerprint of this cultivar. Carbohydrate analysis was done using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with pulsed amperometric detection (PAD), while polyphenols were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD MS/MS) system. Glucose was the most abundant sugar, followed by fructose and sucrose. Some samples had high level of stress sugars, especially trehalose. Rutin was predominantly polyphenol in a quantity up to 181.12 mg/kg (clone III/9), with chlorogenic acid (up to 59.93 mg/kg in clone III/9) and p-coumaric acid (up to 53.99 mg/kg in clone VIII/1) coming after. According to the principal component analysis (PCA), fructose, maltose, maltotriose, sorbitol, and trehalose were the most important sugars in separating pollen samples. PCA showed splitting off clones VIII/1, IV/8, III/9, and V/P according to the quantity of phenolics and dissimilar profiles. Large differences in chemical composition of studied ‘Oblačinska sour cherry’ clone pollen were shown, proving that it is not a cultivar, but population. Finally, due to the highest level of phenolics, clones IV/8, XV/3, and VIII/1 could be singled out as a promising one for producing functional food and/or in medicinal treatments.

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