scholarly journals Systematic Phytochemical Screening of Different Organs of Calotropis procera and the Ovicidal Effect of Their Extracts to the Foodstuff Pest Cadra cautella

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 905
Author(s):  
Ammar Bader ◽  
Ziad Omran ◽  
Ahmed I. Al-Asmari ◽  
Valentina Santoro ◽  
Nunziatina De Tommasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Ovicidal Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Insect Infestation ◽  
Cadra Cautella ◽  
Ovicidal Effect ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides

In developing countries, crop deterioration is mainly caused by inappropriate storage conditions that promote insect infestation. Synthetic pesticides are associated with serious adverse effects on humans and the environment. Thus, finding alternative “green” insecticides is a very pressing need. Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand (Apocynaceae) growing in Saudi Arabia was selected for this purpose. LC-MS/MS analysis was applied to investigate the metabolic composition of different C. procera extracts. Particularly, C. procera latex and leaves showed a high presence of cardenolides including calactin, uscharidin, 15β-hydroxy-calactin, 16β-hydroxy-calactin, and 12β-hydroxy-calactin. The ovicidal activity of the extracts from different plant organs (flowers, leaves, branches, roots), and of the latex, against Cadra cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) was assessed. Extracts of C. procera roots displayed the most potent activity with 50% of C. cautella eggs not hatching at 10.000 ppm (1%).

scholarly journals Effect of Pheromone Blend Components, Sex Ratio, and Population Size on the Mating of Cadra cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeysinghe Mudiyanselage Prabodha Sammani ◽  
Dissanayaka Mudiyanselage Saman Kumara Dissanayaka ◽  
Leanage Kanaka Wolly Wijayaratne ◽  
William Robert Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Mating Status ◽  
Cadra Cautella ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

Abstract The almond moth Cadra cautella (Walker), a key pest of storage facilities, is difficult to manage using synthetic chemicals. Pheromone-based management methods remain a high priority due to advantages over conventional management practices, which typically use insecticides. Cadra cautella females release a blend of pheromone including (Z, E)-9,12-tetradecadienyl acetate (ZETA) and (Z)-9-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate (ZTA). The effect of these components on mating of C. cautella and how response varies with the population density and sex ratio remain unknown. In this study, the mating status of C. cautella was studied inside mating cages under different ratios of ZETA and ZTA diluted in hexane and at different population sizes either with equal or unequal sex ratio. The lowest percentage of mated females (highest mating disruption [MD] effects), corresponding to roughly 12.5%, was produced by a 5:1 and 3.3:1 ratio of ZETA:ZTA. Populations with equal sex ratio showed the lowest percentage of mated females, at 20% and 12.5% under lower and higher density, respectively. The next lowest percentage of mated females was produced when the sex ratio was set to 1: 2 and 2:1 male:female, with just 25% and 22.5% of moths mated, respectively. This study shows that mating status of C. cautella is influenced by ZETA:ZTA ratio, sex ratio, and population size. This current knowledge would have useful implications for mating disruption programs.

scholarly journals Prediction of survival ratios of Cadra cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) different life stages after treated with ultraviolet radiation in dates

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1358-1363
Author(s):  
Waleed S. Alwaneen ◽  
Mureed Husain ◽  
Khawaja G. Rasool ◽  
Mohannad A. Alwatban ◽  
Shehzad Salman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Cadra Cautella ◽  
Prediction Of Survival ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

scholarly journals THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING HEXANE AND METHANOL EXTRACT OF SINYO NAKAL (DURANTA REPENS)

2020 ◽  
pp. 196-200
Author(s):  
PURWANTININGSIH SUGITA ◽  
RIZKI AMILIA ◽  
BUDI ARIFIN ◽  
DYAH UTAMI CAHYANING RAHAYU ◽  
HANHAN DIANHAR
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Unsaponifiable Fraction ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Phytochemical Profile ◽  
Based Medicine

Objective: Phytochemicals are naturally present in every part of plants range from leaves, stem bark, and fruits to roots. The use of plant-based medicine is popular among individuals and communities in developing countries. This study evaluated that the phytochemical profile of Duranta repens fruits was collected from Jombang, East Java, Indonesia. Methods: Air-dried D. repens fruits were macerated by n-hexane and methanol, a separate flask. n-Hexane extract, then underwent saponification to remove fat. Then, the unsaponifiable of n-hexane and methanol extract was tested through phytochemical screening, respectively. Results: The methanol extract showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and steroids, but the unsaponifiable fraction only contained steroids. The unsaponifiable fraction was found to be a mixture of hydrocarbons ranging from C13-C20, fatty acids (palmitic and linoleic acid), squalene, and Vitamin E. Conclusion: The phytochemical screening of the plant plays an important role for pharmaceutical studies especially discovering new potential drugs for the treatment of various diseases.

scholarly journals Effet des extraits aqueux de Calotropis procera sur les principaux ravageurs du chou en culture au Sénégal

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1600-1610
Author(s):  
Saliou Ngom ◽  
Toffène Diome ◽  
Bocar Diop ◽  
Mbacké Sembene
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
P Value ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Hellula Undalis ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Extraits Aqueux ◽  
Cabbage Pests ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Au Sénégal, le chou est l’un des légumes les plus cultivés et consommés, de par son cycle relativement court (60-90 jours après repiquage) et sa possibilité d’être cultivé toute l’année. Cependant il est attaqué par plusieurs ravageurs tels que Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera, Plutellidae), Hellula undalis (F.) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) et Spodoptera littoralis (B.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). L’objectif de cette étude était de contribuer à la lutte contre ces ravageurs du chou en culture dans la zone des Niayes en utilisant les extraits aqueux à base de feuilles de Calotropis procera (Apocynaceae). L’étude a été menée sur 28 parcelles élémentaires dans la zone des Niayes (durant la période du 3 janvier au 22 mars 2019). Les formulations d’extrait de feuilles de C. procera utilisant comme solvant l’eau de robinet et l’eau de puits (ER et EP), appliquées à des temps différents le matin (ERM, EPM) et le soir (ERS, EPS) ont montré leurs efficacités sur les larves de P. xylostella et H. undalis. Par contre, les extraits ne sont pas efficaces sur S. littoralis (P-value= 0,672). En plus de leurs effets biocides, les extraits à base de feuilles de C. procera semblent accélérer la croissance des plants de chou. La nature du solvant et la période du traitement n’ont pas montré une différence significative.Mots clés : Biocide, Brassicassée, Niayes, lutte biologique English title: Aqueous extracts effect of Calotropis procera on the principal cabbage pests in culture in Senegal In Senegal, the cabbage is one of the most cultivated and consumed vegetables, from its relatively short cycle (60-90 days after road repair) and the possibility of being cultivated all the year. However it is attacked by several pests such as Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera, Plutellidae), Hellula undalis (F.) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) and Spodoptera littoralis (B.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). The objective of this study was to contribute on protect against cabbage pests in culture in the zone of Niayes by using the aqueous extracts containing sheets of Calotropis procera (Apocynaceae). The study was undertaken on 28 elementary pieces to in the zone of Niayes (during the period of January 3 at March 22, 2019). The formulations of extract using as solvent the water of tap and the water of well (ER and EP), applied to different times morning (ERM, EPM) and evening (ERS, EPS) showed their effectiveness on larvae of P. xylostella and H. undalis. On the other part S. littoralis was resistant to treatment (P=0,672) confirms it. In addition to their biocides effects, the extracts containing sheets of C procera seem accelerated the cabbage patches growth. The nature of solvent and the treatment period did not show a significant difference.Keywords: Biocide, Brassicasseae, Niayes, biological control

COMPATIBILITY OF XYLOCORIS FLAVIPES (HEMIPTERA: ANTHOCORLDAE) AND VENTURIA CANESCENS (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE) FOR SUPPRESSION OF THE ALMOND MOTH, CADRA CAUTELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Press
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Parasitic Wasp ◽  
Venturia Canescens ◽  
Cadra Cautella ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Almond Moth

The predaceous bug Xylocoris flavipes (Reuter) was combined with the parasitic wasp Venturia canescens Gravenhorst to assess their compatibility in suppressing the almond moth, Cadra cautella (Walker). Each natural enemy was applied at 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 insects for each ca. 1000 C. cautella. Significantly greater (P < .0001) suppression of C. cautella was obtained by the combination of X. flavipes and V. canescens at all levels. This demonstrated that the combination of X. flavipes and V. canescens is likely to enhance suppression of C. cautella in field applictions.

Response of Cadra cautella and Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) to Pheromone Baited Traps

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Mullen
Keyword(s):  
Plodia Interpunctella ◽  
Inhibitory Substance ◽  
Indianmeal Moth ◽  
Cadra Cautella ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Almond Moth

The effect of the presence of the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner), on the capture of the almond moth, Cadra cautella (Walker), in pheromone-baited traps was evaluated. It was found that when both sexes of each species were released into a large warehouse simultaneously, the capture of male C. cautella was reduced to 5.5 ± 0.8 in traps baited with a two-component lure as compared to 11.4 ± 2.2 when only C. cautella were released. This decrease in response may have been caused by an inhibitory substance produced by the female P. interpunctella that affects the response of male C. cautella to the pheromone or confusion caused by an increase in the amount of pheromone present. This reduced response of C. cautella must be considered when using pheromone-baited traps to estimate population levels when both species are present.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document