Domestication of Plants of Ugni molinae Turcz (Myrtaceae) Interferes in the Biology of Chilesia rudis (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) Larvae

In terms of the domestication process in murtilla, studies have found changes in the concentration of phenolic compounds, with reduction of chemical defense of plants, depending on the change in the feeding behavior of insects. Thus, we hypothesized that the domestication of Ugni molinae decreases the content of phenolic compounds and modifies the feeding preference of Chilesia rudis larvae. Leaves of three parental ecotypes and four cultivated ecotypes were used in preference experiments to evaluate the mass gain and leaves consumption of larvae. Phenolic extracts from leaves of U. molinae were analyzed by HPLC. Identified compounds were incorporated in an artificial diet to assess their effect on mass gain, consumption, and survival of the larvae. The presence of phenolic compounds in bodies and feces was also evaluated. In terms of choice assays, larvae preferred parental ecotypes. Regarding compounds, vanillin was the most varied between the ecotypes in leaves. However, plant domestication did not show a reduction in phenolic compound concentration of the ecotypes studied. Furthermore, there was no clear relation between phenolic compounds and the performance of C. rudis larvae. Whether this was because of sequestration of some compounds by larvae is unknown. Finally, results of this study could also suggest that studied phenolic compounds have no role in the C. rudis larvae resistance in this stage of murtilla domestication process.

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Extraction, Analysis, and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds in Different Italian Extra-Virgin Olive Oils

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules23123249 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (12) ◽

pp. 3249 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Chiara Fanali ◽

Susanna Della Posta ◽

Alessandra Vilmercati ◽

Laura Dugo ◽

Marina Russo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Phenolic Compound ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Total Concentration ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Virgin Olive Oils ◽

Olive Oils ◽

Italian Regions ◽

Compound Concentration

The analysis of phenolic compounds in extra virgin olive oils was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography utilizing photodiode array and mass spectrometry detectors. The chromatographic profile of thirty samples from four Italian Regions highlighted the presence of secoiridoids, phenolic alcohols, flavonoids, and phenolic acid classes. A similar qualitative profile was observed with some differences in peak area and fifteen compounds were tentatively identified. Quantitative analysis was performed by UV detection considering eight standard phenolic compounds. The chromatographic method, after optimization, was validated studying some parameters, e.g., intra-day and inter-day retention time precision, limit of detection, limit of quantification, and linearity. Recovery of the method was performed achieving good results (10 and 50 g·g−1 with recovery of 72.9–92.1% (w/w) and 79.1–102.8% (w/w), respectively). In all samples secoiridoids were the main compounds ranging from 85 to more than 99% (w/w) of the total concentration of detected phenolic compounds while phenolic acids accounted for the lowest percentage (0.1–0.6%, w/w). Finally, total concentration of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were determined with different chemical assays. A good and significant correlation among total phenolic compound concentration and antioxidant activity was observed. A significant different phenolic compound concentration and antioxidant activity was determined between samples from Puglia and Sicily. This was studied performing statistical analysis by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test.

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Comparing phenolic composition of Cabernet Gernischet wines between rain-shelter cultivation and open-field cultivation

Czech Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.17221/429/2015-cjfs ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 254-270

Author(s):

He Yan-Nan ◽

Ning Peng-Fei ◽

Yue Tai-Xin ◽

Zhang Zhen-Wen

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Open Field ◽

High Performance ◽

Array Detector ◽

Diode Array ◽

Diode Array Detector ◽

Total Anthocyanin ◽

Ionisation Mass Spectrometry ◽

Hydroxybenzoic Acids ◽

Compound Concentration

The phenolic compounds of Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Gernischet wine in 2010 and 2011 vintage from rain-shelter cultivation and open-field cultivation were detected and compared by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. The results showed that rain-shelter cultivation increased the total anthocyanin and non-anthocyanin phenolic compound concentration. For the compositions, ratios of peonidin-derivative and malvidin-derivative pigments were similar in the two vintages, rain-shelter cultivation increased the proportion of these derivatives; ratios of delphinidin-derivative and petunidin-derivative pigments were different in the two vintages. In the wine of rain-shelter cultivation, the ratio of flavan-3-ol and hydroxybenzoic acids was increased, the ratio of flavonol was decreased and the composition of other compounds varied between the two vintages. To most of the phenolic compounds identified, their content in wine under rain-shelter cultivation was higher compared to those under open-field cultivation.

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AFLP data and the origins of domesticated crops

Genome ◽

10.1139/g03-025 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 448-453 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Robin G Allaby ◽

Terence A Brown

Keyword(s):

Population Biology ◽

Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽

Plant Domestication ◽

Neighbor Joining ◽

Cereal Crop ◽

Einkorn Wheat ◽

Aflp Data ◽

Monophyletic Origin ◽

Aflp Genotyping ◽

Domestication Process

Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) datasets have been used to construct neighbor-joining trees from which monophyletic origins for crops such as einkorn wheat, barley, and emmer wheat have been inferred. We simulated several different multiple domestication scenarios for an imaginary cereal crop and examined the resulting domesticated populations. The simulations showed that the population biology aspects of the domestication process can result in independently domesticated populations merging in such a way that a monophyletic origin is erroneously inferred when the resulting population is examined by AFLP genotyping and neighbor-joining analysis. The results bring into question the use of this method to infer the origins of real crops.Key words: AFLPs, agriculture, neighbor-joining, plant domestication.

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Screening of Brazilian plant extracts as candidates for the control of Spodoptera frugiperda

Revista Colombiana de Entomología ◽

10.25100/socolen.v44i1.6539 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

Dejane Santos Alves ◽

Geraldo Andrade Carvalho ◽

Denilson Ferreira Oliveira ◽

Angelita Duarte Corrêa

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Insecticidal Activity ◽

Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Artificial Diet ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Ultrastructural Changes ◽

Trypsin Activity

The effects of plant extracts from Actinostemon concolor, Geonoma schottiana, Palicourea rigida and Rudgea viburnoides on Spodoptera frugiperda were evaluated in this study. The extracts were incorporated into an artificial diet (1 mg mL-1 of diet) and offered to S. frugiperda caterpillars. The extract of A. concolor caused 36.1 % mortality in S. frugiperda. Ultrastructural changes were detected in the eggs of adults when the caterpillars were fed with P. rigida and A. concolor extracts. A reduction in trypsin activity was observed after treatment with A. concolor extract. Total phenolics were quantified for A. concolor, G. schottiana, P. rigida and R. viburnoides, with A. concolor presenting the highest content. The residue from methanol/water extraction, which was obtained from the crude extract of A. concolor, contained the phenolic compounds that caused changes in S. frugiperda biology similar to those caused by the crude extract. In conclusion, A. concolor produces secondary metabolites that have insecticidal activity on S. frugiperda

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Plant Breeding and Microbiome

Plant Breeding - Current and Future Views ◽

10.5772/intechopen.94948 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sergio Eduardo Contreras-Liza

Keyword(s):

Genetic Improvement ◽

Human Population ◽

Production Systems ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Adverse Impact ◽

Plant Domestication ◽

Future Research ◽

Breeding Methods ◽

Regulatory Processes ◽

Domestication Process

In this review, references to the use of microorganisms in the process of plant domestication, genetic improvement, and production of traditional and improved varieties have been identified. The domestication process may have had an adverse impact on the composition and functions of the associated microbiota and the microbiota associated with plants influences multiple regulatory processes of plants that together define their phenotype. According to scientific evidence, to increase agricultural production and the sustainability of production systems, future research should develop breeding methods that optimize the symbiosis between plants and microorganisms, to produce new plant phenotypes that result in the production of enough food to meet the needs of the human population.

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Decrease of flavonol synthase enzymatic activity in Ugni molinae Turcz due to the domestication process

10.7764/rcia.v46i1.1955 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 30-39

Author(s):

Manuel Chacón-Fuentes ◽

◽

Ana Mutis ◽

Leonardo Bardehle ◽

Ivette Seguel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Flavonol Synthase ◽

Domestication Process ◽

Ugni Molinae

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Chemotaxis and chemical defenses in seaweed susceptibility to herbivory

Revista Brasileira de Biologia ◽

10.1590/s0034-71082000000300005 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 405-414 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

R. C. PEREIRA ◽

R. DONATO ◽

V. L. TEIXEIRA ◽

D. N. CAVALCANTI

Keyword(s):

Chemical Defense ◽

Brown Alga ◽

Sea Urchins ◽

Feeding Preference ◽

Chemical Defenses ◽

Feeding Deterrent ◽

Limited Mobility ◽

Dictyota Menstrualis ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Herbivore Species

Recent studies have show that small marine herbivores with limited mobility (mesograzers) often feed on macroalgae chemically defended against fishes or sea-urchins. In order to verify the involved mechanisms of chemotaxis or chemical defense into this process in Brazilian littoral, two species of brown alga Dictyota menstrualis and Dictyota mertensii were studied against the limited mobility herbivores, the amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis and the crab Pachygrapsus transversus. These two species were studied in order to verify the action of their crude extracts in the defense and chemotaxis processes related to limited mobility of these herbivores. Feeding preference assays revealed that P. hawaiensis do not eaten these Dictyota species. P. transversus do not eaten D. menstrualis either, but consumed large amounts of D. mertensii. Chemical deterrence assays showed that extracts of these species act as feeding deterrent to both species of herbivores. In addition, chemotaxis assays demonstrated that both herbivores are significantly negative chemotactic probably due to the presence of complementary metabolites into artificial foods. Considering that both Dictyota species exhibit active extracts against these small herbivores, we suppose that the non-occurrence of these herbivore species in close relationship with the seaweeds D. menstrualis and D. mertensii may explain the defense action of both extracts related to these mesograzers.

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Isolation and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds and Anthocyanins from Murta (Ugni molinae Turcz.) Fruits. Assessment of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules20045698 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 5698-5713 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Maria Junqueira-Gonçalves ◽

Lina Yáñez ◽

Carolina Morales ◽

Muriel Navarro ◽

Rodrigo A. Contreras ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Ugni Molinae

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Advanced Optical Sensing of Phenolic Compounds for Environmental Applications

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21227563 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (22) ◽

pp. 7563

Author(s):

Ines Delfino ◽

Nadia Diano ◽

Maria Lepore

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Sample Preparation ◽

Phenolic Compound ◽

Petrochemical Industry ◽

Optical Methods ◽

Coal Processing ◽

Long Period ◽

Paper Manufacturing ◽

Analytical Properties ◽

Compound Concentration

Phenolic compounds are particularly dangerous due to their ability to remain in the environment for a long period of time and their toxic effects. They enter in the environment in different ways, such as waste from paper manufacturing, agriculture (pesticides, insecticides, herbicides), pharmaceuticals, the petrochemical industry, and coal processing. Conventional methods for phenolic compounds detection present some disadvantages, such as cumbersome sample preparation, complex and time-consuming procedures, and need of expensive equipment. Therefore, there is a very large interest in developing sensors and new sensing schemes for fast and easy-to-use methods for detecting and monitoring the phenolic compound concentration in the environment, with special attention to water. Good analytical properties, reliability, and adaptability are required for the developed sensors. The present paper aims at revising the most generally used optical methods for designing and fabricating biosensors and sensors for phenolic compounds. Some selected examples of the most interesting applications of these techniques are also proposed.

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