scholarly journals Stable and Oriented Liquid Crystal Droplets Stabilized by Imidazolium Ionic Liquids

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 6044
Author(s):  
Efthymia Ramou ◽  
Guilherme Rebordão ◽  
Susana I. C. J. Palma ◽  
Ana C. A. Roque
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
State Of Matter ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sds Surfactant

Liquid crystals represent a fascinating intermediate state of matter, with dynamic yet organized molecular features and untapped opportunities in sensing. Several works report the use of liquid crystal droplets formed by microfluidics and stabilized by surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). In this work, we explore, for the first time, the potential of surface-active ionic liquids of the imidazolium family as surfactants to generate in high yield, stable and oriented liquid crystal droplets. Our results show that [C12MIM][Cl], in particular, yields stable, uniform and monodisperse droplets (diameter 74 ± 6 µm; PDI = 8%) with the liquid crystal in a radial configuration, even when compared with the standard SDS surfactant. These findings reveal an additional application for ionic liquids in the field of soft matter.

Effect of Imidazolium-Based Surface-Active Ionic Liquids on the Orientation of Liquid Crystals at Various Fluid/Liquid Crystal Interfaces

Langmuir ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (45) ◽  
pp. 11745-11753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongtong Tian ◽  
Qiongzheng Hu ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Yan’an Gao ◽  
Li Yu
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Crystal Interfaces

The Smoulder Stream of Cigarettes / Zur Kenntnis des Glimmstromes von Cigaretten

1965 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Seehofer ◽  
W. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Spatial Position ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Cigarette Paper ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe phenomenon of the smoulder stream flowing through the cigarette during smouldering and during the puff intervals is demonstrated for the first time and its dependence upon physical conditions is examined. The volume of the smoulder stream can amount up to 180 ml per cigarette. Increasing draw resistance of the cigarette and augmenting moisture content of the tobacco as well as perforation of the cigarette paper have a decreasing effect on volume and velocity of the smoulder stream. The porosity of the cigarette paper has no perceptible influence. The spatial position of the cigarette affects volume and velocity of the smoulder stream. The influence exercised by the smoulder stream on the yields of total condensate, nicotine, phenols, aldehydes, and acroleine when the cigarette tip is open during the puff intervals is determined. When the moisture contents of the tobacco were extremely high, yield decreases reaching 50 % could be observed.

Mapping the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of Ionic Liquids for Monomers, Polymers and Globular Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Pomposo
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Ionic Polymers ◽  
First Time ◽  
Solvent Power

Understanding the miscibility behavior of ionic liquid (IL) / monomer, IL / polymer and IL / nanoparticle mixtures is critical for the use of ILs as green solvents in polymerization processes, and to rationalize recent observations concerning the superior solubility of some proteins in ILs when compared to standard solvents. In this work, the most relevant results obtained in terms of a three-component Flory-Huggins theory concerning the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of ILs when compared to traditional non-ionic solvents for monomeric solutes (case I), linear polymers (case II) and globular nanoparticles (case III) are presented. Moreover, useful ESP maps are drawn for the first time for IL mixtures corresponding to case I, II and III. Finally, a potential pathway to improve the miscibility of non-ionic polymers in ILs is also proposed.

Iridium-Catalyzed Silylation of C-H bonds in Unactivated Arenes: A Sterically-Encumbered Phenanthroline Ligand Accelerates Catalysis Enabling New Reactivity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb Karmel ◽  
Zhewei Chen ◽  
John Hartwig
Keyword(s):  
High Activity ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Activity Analysis ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Phen Ligand ◽  
Mechanistic Studies ◽  
Phenanthroline Ligand ◽  
First Time ◽  
New System

We report a new system for the silylation of aryl C-H bonds. The combination of [Ir(cod)(OMe)]<sub>2</sub> and 2,9-Me<sub>2</sub>-phenanthroline (2,9-Me<sub>2</sub>phen) catalyzes the silylation of arenes at lower temperatures and with faster rates than those reported previously, when the hydrogen byproduct is removed, and with high functional group tolerance and regioselectivity. Inhibition of reactions by the H<sub>2</sub> byproduct is shown to limit the silylation of aryl C-H bonds in the presence of the most active catalysts, thereby masking their high activity. Analysis of initial rates uncovered the high reactivity of the catalyst containing the sterically hindered 2,9-Me<sub>2</sub>phen ligand but accompanying rapid inhibition by hydrogen. With this catalyst, under a flow of nitrogen to remove hydrogen, electron-rich arenes, including those containing sensitive functional groups, undergo silylation in high yield for the first time, and arenes that underwent silylation with prior catalysts react over much shorter times with lower catalyst loadings. The synthetic value of this methodology is demonstrated by the preparation of key intermediates in the synthesis of medicinally important compounds in concise sequences comprising silylation and functionalization. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that the cleavage of the aryl C-H bond is reversible and that the higher rates observed with the 2,9-Me<sub>2</sub>phen ligand is due to a more thermodynamically favorable oxidative addition of aryl C-H bonds.

Heat Transfer Enhancement in Separation Process of Ethanol from Ethanol Water Mixture by Using Surfactants

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Acharya Anil Ramchandra ◽  
R. Kadam ◽  
A. T. Pise
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Surface Tension Reduction ◽  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Time Required

Here the investigations are done while distillation of ethanol-water mixture for separating ethanol from fermentation process. Focus is to study reduction in time required and hence saving in energy for the distillation process of ethanol-water mixture under the influence of surface-active agents (Surfactants). This novelty is from observation of these surfactants to enhance heat transfer rate because of surface tension reduction in aqueous solutions. SDS (Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate), NH4Cl (Ammonium Chloride) and SLBS (Sodium lauryl benzene sulphonate) surfactants in different concentration are experimented. The concentration of these surfactant is varied from 1700 ppm to 2800 ppm. This range is decided by observing critical micelle concentration of used surfactants. Results showed that time is reduced and hence energy consumption is also reduced. Results shown by NH4Cl are found to be more useful as it is ecofriendly surfactant which is not affecting ethanol-water mixture. Use of ammonium chloride as surfactant in distillation is actually useful to reduce energy without hampering the quality of process is the novelty of this work.

Relationship between structure and biodegradability of gemini imidazolium surface active ionic liquids

2019 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 145-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guowei Wang ◽  
Xiaoqing Xu ◽  
Yu Sun ◽  
Linghua Zhuang ◽  
Cheng Yao
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Gemini Imidazolium

scholarly journals Effect of Deposition Parameters on Electrochemical Properties of Polypyrrole-Graphene Oxide Films

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Iuliana Pruna ◽  
Nelly Ma. Rosas-Laverde ◽  
David Busquets Mataix
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Hybrid Coatings ◽  
Deposition Parameters ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Energy Storage Applications ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Sds Surfactant

Graphene oxide (GO)-modified polypyrrole (PPy) coatings were obtained by electrochemical methods in the presence of the anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The structure, morphology, and electrochemical properties of the coatings were assessed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry at varying scan rates, respectively. The properties of the obtained coatings were analyzed with the GO and PPy loadings and electrodeposition mode. The hybrid coatings obtained galvanostatically showed a coarser appearance than those deposited by cyclic voltammetry CV mode and improved performance, respectively, which was further enhanced by GO and PPy loading. The capacitance enhancement can be attributed to the SDS surfactant that well dispersed the GO sheets, thus allowing the use of lower GO content for improved contribution, while the choice of suitable electrodeposition parameters is highly important for improving the applicability of GO-modified PPy coatings in energy storage applications.

scholarly journals Ecotoxicity profiling of a library of 24 l-phenylalanine derived surface-active ionic liquids (SAILs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 100369
Author(s):  
Dewi K.A. Kusumahastuti ◽  
Mariliis Sihtmäe ◽  
Villem Aruoja ◽  
Nicholas Gathergood ◽  
Anne Kahru
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Surface Active

scholarly journals Bacterial cellulose spheroids as building blocks for 3D and patterned living materials and for regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquin Caro-Astorga ◽  
Kenneth T. Walker ◽  
Natalia Herrera ◽  
Koon-Yang Lee ◽  
Tom Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Chemical Inputs ◽  
First Time ◽  
3D Shapes ◽  
Promising Avenue ◽  
Living Materials

AbstractEngineered living materials (ELMs) based on bacterial cellulose (BC) offer a promising avenue for cheap-to-produce materials that can be programmed with genetically encoded functionalities. Here we explore how ELMs can be fabricated in a modular fashion from millimetre-scale biofilm spheroids grown from shaking cultures of Komagataeibacter rhaeticus. Here we define a reproducible protocol to produce BC spheroids with the high yield bacterial cellulose producer K. rhaeticus and demonstrate for the first time their potential for their use as building blocks to grow ELMs in 3D shapes. Using genetically engineered K. rhaeticus, we produce functionalized BC spheroids and use these to make and grow patterned BC-based ELMs that signal within a material and can sense and report on chemical inputs. We also investigate the use of BC spheroids as a method to regenerate damaged BC materials and as a way to fuse together smaller material sections of cellulose and synthetic materials into a larger piece. This work improves our understanding of BC spheroid formation and showcases their great potential for fabricating, patterning and repairing ELMs based on the promising biomaterial of bacterial cellulose.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document