Antimicrobial Activity and Synergy Investigation of Hypericum scabrum Essential Oil with Antifungal Drugs

The chemical composition of Lebanese Hypericum scabrum essential oil (EO) was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GG-MS). Its antimicrobial activity was evaluated by determining its minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against a Gram-negative and a Gram-positive bacterium, one yeast, and five dermatophytes. H. scabrum EO was most active on filamentous fungi (MIC values of 32–64 µg/mL). Synergy within the oil was investigated by testing each of the following major components on Trichophyton rubrum: α-pinene, limonene, myrcene, β-pinene and nonane, as well as a reconstructed EO. The antifungal activity of the natural oil could not be reached, meaning that its activity might be due, in part, to minor constituent(s). The interactions between H. scabrum EO and commercially available antifungals were assessed by the checkerboard test. A synergistic effect was revealed in the combination of the EO with amphotericin B.

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Antimicrobial Activity and Analysis of the Essential Oils of Selected Endemic Edible Apiaceae Plants Root from Caspian Hyrcanian Region (North of Iran)

Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.15171/ps.2019.21 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 138-144

Author(s):

Azadeh Hamedi ◽

Ardalan Pasdaran ◽

Arsalan Pasdaran

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Fatty Acid Esters ◽

Herbal Remedies ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Root Essential Oil

Background: Different endemic species of Apiaceae that widely grow in Hyrcanian region have long been used as spices and herbal remedies. Chemical compositions and bioactivity of many of these plants have not been studied scientifically. The volatile constituents and antimicrobial activity of four edible Apiaceae plants—Elaeosticta glaucescens Boiss, Malabaila secacul (Mill.) Boiss, Caucalis platycarpos L., and Eryngium caucasicum Trautv—roots were investigated. Methods: Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (GC–FID) methods were used for chemical investigation. Antimicrobial potential of the volatile compositions of these roots were investigated using the disc diffusion method on four microorganisms including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis. Results: The best minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of these species were revealed for B. subtilis and S. aureus (500 µg/mL for MIC and MBC) followed by E. caucasicum and C. platycarpus, respectively. The main compounds of E. caucasicum root essential oil were hexyl isovalerate (11.0%) and hexyl valerate (10.1%). E. glaucescens root essential oil was mainly composed of 3(10)-caren-4-ol, acetoacetic acid ester (9.8%), octyl isovalerate (8.9%), and octyl acetate (5.7%). In C. platycarpos root, hexyl isovalerate (9.2%) and n-octyl isobutyrate (8.5%) were constituted the major compositions of the essential oil while n-hexyl isobutyrate (8.5%) and hexyl hexanoate (7.8%) were predominant compounds in M. secacul. Conclusion: The essential oils of E. caucasicum and C. platycarpus roots were contained high amount of short chain fatty acid esters (SCFAE) and trans- pinocarvyl acetate. They exhibited moderate antibacterial activity.

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Biological activity of essential oil from Foeniculum vulgare

Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae ◽

10.2478/ahr-2021-0037 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 148-152

Author(s):

Petra Borotová ◽

Lucia Galovičová ◽

Veronika Valková ◽

Hana Ďúranová ◽

Nenad Vuković ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Vapour Phase ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Volatile Components ◽

Foeniculum Vulgare ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterial Growth Inhibition

Abstract Foeniculum vulgare Mill. is a medicinal plant, used as a flavouring agent. The essential oil from F. vulgare has potential antimicrobial and insecticidal effects, and can be used in food industry in order to protect the food resources and food products against microbial and pest’s contamination. The aim of the research was to characterize the volatile components of F. vulgare essential oil by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) and Gas Chromatography (GC-FID) and to observe the antimicrobial activity by disk diffusion method and in vapour phase. Also, insecticidal activity of the vapour phase of the essential oil of F. vulgare was detected. We found that major components of the essential oil from F. vulgare were trans-anethole (73.6%), fenchone (6.0%), and limonene (5.7%). Antimicrobial activity on gram-positive, gram-negative, and yeasts was weak in liquid phase, but vapour phase showed stronger activity against B. subtilis at the concentration 250 μL.L−1 (98.65% of bacterial growth inhibition). Vapour phase of essential oil was effective against insects, where 25% concentration had 80% lethality.

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STUDY OF COMPONENT COMPOSITION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ACHILLEA NOBILIS L. ESSENTIAL OIL

Vestnik Farmacii ◽

10.52540/2074-9457.2021.1.36 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 91 (1) ◽

pp. 36-41

Author(s):

E. G. Kerimli ◽

S. V. Serkerov

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Component Composition ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

High Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Spectrometry Method ◽

Mass Spectrometry Method ◽

First Time

The component composition of nobleyarrow L. essential oil growing in Azerbaijan was studied for the first time by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. 35 components, mainly terpenoid compounds, are identified in the essential oil of which the main ones are 15 components: artemisia ketone (23,7%), α-thujone (22,4%), 2-bornanone (6,4%), eudesma-7(11)-en-4-ol (6,3%), eucalyptol (4,5%), cubenol (3,3%), lavandulol (3,0%), β-thujone (2,9%), β-eudesmol (2,7%), methyl hinokiate (2,1%), terpinene-4-ol (1,7%), 1,2-longidione (1,3%), limonen-6-ol, pivalate (1,2%), neryl (S)-2-methylbutanoate (1,1%), сaryophyllene oxide (1,0%). As a result of noble yarrow essential oil research it was determined that, essential oil has high antimicrobial activity relative to Staphylacoccus aureus.

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Essential oil composition and antimicrobial assay of Acorus calamus leaves from different wild populations

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1017/s1479262107390928 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 5 (01) ◽

pp. 37-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

J. Radušienė ◽

A. Judžentienė ◽

D. Pečiulytė ◽

V. Janulis

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Essential Oil Composition ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Acorus Calamus ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations

The composition of essential oils obtained from leaves ofAcorus calamusgrowing wild in 19 different locations was analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. In total, 84 constituents have been identified, representing at least 86% of the total essential oil. The essential oils were dominated by the presence of phenolic compounds: (Z)-asarone (15.7–25.5%) and (Z)-methyl isoeugenol (2.0–4.9%). Other identified major components were (E)-caryophyllene, α-humulene, germacrene, linalool, camphor and isoborneol. All oils were found to have a similar composition. However, a hierarchical cluster analysis of the quantitative data revealed significant differences between some accessions. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of four selected leaf essential oils were determined by a screening test with the broth dilution method. Of the 17 species of fungi, bacteria and yeasts tested,Mycobacteriumssp. andBacillus subtiliswere most susceptible to essential oils. Oils displayed low anti-fungal activity and their inhibitory activity was lower than the standard antibiotics. Oils differed in their activities against the various microorganisms tested.

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Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil of the Leaves of Feronia elephantum (Rutaceae) from North West Karnataka

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1100600134 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rajesh K. Joshi ◽

Vijayalaxmi M. Badakar ◽

Sanjiva D. Kholkute ◽

Nayeem Khatib

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Micrococcus Luteus ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

North West ◽

Total Oil ◽

Feronia Elephantum

The essential oil of the leaves of Feronia elephantum Corr. was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The main constituents were β-pinene (28.4%), Z-anethole (22.1%), methyl chavicol (12.0%) and E-anethole (8.1%), among thirty-three identified compounds, which represented 92.6% of the total oil. The antimicrobial activity was tested against five Gram-positive and eight Gram-negative bacteria, and four fungi. The oil was active against Micrococcus luteus (Gram-positive bacterium), Proteus mirabilis (Gram-negative bacterium), Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus niger (fungi) with MIC values of 0.31±0.06, 0.52±0.10, 0.20±0.50 and 0.26±0.52 mg/mL, respectively.

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Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Saharo-endemic Species: Ammodaucus leucotrichus subsp. leucotrichus Coss & Dur (Apiaceae)

Phytothérapie ◽

10.3166/phyto-2018-0079 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (S1) ◽

pp. S104-S108 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Touaibia ◽

F. Saidi ◽

D. Abdellali ◽

F.Z. Raber Elmaizi

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Candida Krusei ◽

Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Spectrometry Analysis

Essential oil of Ammodaucus leucotrichus subsp. leucotrichus Coss & Dur (endemic), extracted from the seeds by hydrodistillation, was screened for its possible antimicrobial activity as well as its chemical composition. According to the Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry analysis, 35 components were identified (98.23%), perillaldehyde (45.58%) and limonene (14.02%) being the major components. The antimicrobial test of the essential oil showed that Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 4.5 mg/ml) and Bacillus cereus (MIC = 9 mg/ml) were the most sensitive strains, followed by Candida krusei and Candida albicans (MIC = 18 mg/ml both).

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The Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Liquidambar formosana Oleoresin

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9070822 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 822 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anjanette DeCarlo ◽

Tao Zeng ◽

Noura S. Dosoky ◽

Prabodh Satyal ◽

William N. Setzer

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Southern China ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Therapeutic Benefits ◽

Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis

The oleoresin essential oils of Liquidambar formosana have potential therapeutic benefits. However, current research on L. formosana oleoresin essential oil is still in its early stages, and its chemotypic characterization is undefined. For better leveraging of plant resources and application of the essential oil, we collected 25 L. formosana oleoresin essential oil samples of individual trees from different geographical areas of Southern China. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography–flame ionization detection (GC–FID). The major components of the essential oils were (E)-caryophyllene (3.3%-64.4%), α-pinene (0.6%-34.5%), β-pinene (0.6%-26.0%), camphene (0.3%-17.3%), and limonene (0.2%-7.9%). A chiral GC–MS analysis was carried out on the essential oil samples and (–)-α-Pinene, (–)-β-pinene, (–)-camphene, and (–)-limonene were the dominant enantiomers in L. formosana essential oil. The chemical categories of L. formosana oleoresin essential oils were clarified by agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis (AHC) and principal component analysis (PCA). The multivariate analyses demonstrated that a total of four chemical groups can be delineated for L. formosana. The L. formosana essential oils were screened for antimicrobial activity against a panel of potentially pathogenic bacteria and fungi and showed promising antimicrobial activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ≤ 625 μg/mL. These results highlight the economic value of L. formosana oleoresin essential oil, the importance of L. formosana sustainability, and the potential therapeutic benefits of its oleoresin essential oils.

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Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of Cupressus atlantica

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1100601028 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (10) ◽

pp. 1934578X1100601 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

My Youssef Arjouni ◽

Fouad Bahri ◽

Abderrahmane Romane ◽

My Ahmed El Alaoui El Fels

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Cupressus Atlantica ◽

Germacrene D

Cupressus atlantica Gaussen, an endemic species from Morocco, is used in traditional medicine. The chemical composition of the essential oil isolated by hydrodistillation from the leaves was investigated by capillary gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and also evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activity. Sixty-one components, representing 98.1% of the total, were detected of which fifty-seven were identified. Germacrene D (34.8%), α-pinene (13.6%), δ-cadinene (6.1%), α-phellandrene (5.5%), γ-cadinene (5.0%), β -caryophyllene (4.8%) and α-humulene (4.4%) were the predominant compounds. The oil was characterized by a relatively high amount of oxygenated monoterpenes (66.5%). The oil, screened for antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative, showed pronounced activity against all the microbes tested, except Pseudomonas, which showed resistance.

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Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil From the Leaves of Pterocephalus hookeri

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x20981239 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 1934578X2098123

Author(s):

Peng-fei Yang ◽

Hui Lu ◽

Qiong-bo Wang ◽

Zhi-wei Zhao ◽

Qiang Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Flame Ionization ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Assay ◽

Detailed Chemical

Detailed chemical constituents of essential oil from the Pterocephalus hookeri leaves and its antimicrobial activities were investigated in this study. The essential oil, obtained by hydrodistillation, was characterized by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. Among the 90 identified compounds, hexadecanoic acid (21.27%), phytol (8.03%), furfural (7.08%), oleic acid (5.25%), and phytone (4.56%) were the major components. In the antimicrobial assay, the essential oil showed strong inhibitory activities against Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 31.3, 62.5, and 125 µg/mL, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report concerning chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil from Pterocephalus hookeri.

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Ducrosia ismaelis Asch. essential oil: chemical composition profile and anticancer, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential assessment

Open Chemistry ◽

10.1515/chem-2020-0019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 175-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ramzi A. Mothana ◽

Fahd A. Nasr ◽

Jamal M. Khaled ◽

Omar M. Noman ◽

Nael Abutaha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Moderate Activity ◽

Antioxidant Agent ◽

Total Oil ◽

Β Carotene ◽

Mcf 7

AbstractThe essential oil of Ducrosia ismaelis Asch. (Apiaceae) that grows wild in Saudi Arabia was investigated utilizing gas chromatography (GC), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fifty constituents were characterized, representing 96.1% of the total oil. The D. ismaelis essential oil (DIEO) was distinguished by a high composition of oxygenated monoterpenes (51.6%). Decanal (40.6%), α-pinene (15.1%) and dodecanal (13.7%) were the fundamental components. Additionally, DIEO was evaluated for its cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities. DIEO revealed a great cytotoxic effectiveness against the tested cancer cell lines with IC50 values between 66.2 and 137.3 μg/mL particularly against MCF-7 cancer cells. Furthermore, the induction of apoptosis against MCF-7 cells has been asserted using staining assay (annexin VFITC and/or propidium iodide (PI) dyes) and flow cytometry technique. The DIEO possessed a strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacterial and fungal strains with MIC-values between 0.07 and 0.31 mg/ml. The values of MBC or MFC were almost once higher than those of MIC’s. Moreover, the β-carotene-bleaching and DPPH free radical-scavenging tests showed that DIEO had a moderate activity (68%) as an antioxidant agent in decolouring of the β-carotene at 1.0 mg/mL and a moderate radical scavenging for DPPH (66 and 72%) at 0.50 and 1.0 mg/mL.

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