scholarly journals pH-Sensitive Chitosan Nanoparticles for Salivary Protein Delivery

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1028
Author(s):  
Yi Zhu ◽  
Lina M. Marin ◽  
Yizhi Xiao ◽  
Elizabeth R. Gillies ◽  
Walter L. Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Protein Delivery ◽  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Salivary Protein ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Hydrodynamic Diameter ◽  
Protein Carriers ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Proteolytic Activities

Salivary proteins such as histatins (HTNs) have demonstrated critical biological functions directly related to tooth homeostasis and prevention of dental caries. However, HTNs are susceptible to the high proteolytic activities in the oral environment. Therefore, pH-sensitive chitosan nanoparticles (CNs) have been proposed as potential carriers to protect proteins from enzymatic degradation at physiological salivary pH. Four different types of chitosan polymers were investigated and the optimal formulation had good batch to batch reproducibility, with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 144 ± 6 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.15 ± 0.04, and a zeta potential of 18 ± 4 mV at a final pH of 6.3. HTN3 encapsulation and release profiles were characterized by cationic polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The CNs successfully encapsulated HTN3 and selectively swelled at acidic pH to facilitate HTN3 release. Protection of HTN3 against enzymatic degradation was investigated in diluted whole saliva. HTN3 encapsulated in the CNs had a prolonged survival time compared to the free HTN3. CNs with and without HTN3 also successfully reduced biofilm weight and bacterial viability. The results of this study have demonstrated the suitability of CNs as potential protein carriers for oral applications, especially for complications occurring at acidic conditions.

Thymopentin-Loaded pH-Sensitive Chitosan Nanoparticles for Oral Administration: Preparation, Characterization, and Pharmacodynamics

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 2936-2944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-Ping Zheng ◽  
Jian-Cheng Wang ◽  
Wan-Liang Lu ◽  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Hua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation Test

Thymopentin, a potent immunomodulating drug, was incorporated into pH-sensitive chitosan nanoparticles prepared by ionic gelation of chitosan with tripolyphosphate anions and then coated with Eudragit S100 to improve the stability and the oral bioavailability. Nanoparticles particle size and zeta potential were measured by photo correction spectroscopy and laser Dopper anemometry. Its morphology was examined by environment scan electron microscope. The encapsulation efficiency and the release in vitro were determined by HPLC. Enzymatic stabilization was expressed by the enzymatic degradation of aminopeptidase. Biological activity of TP5 loaded in nanoparticles was assayed by lymphocyte proliferation test in vitro and the immune function (CD4+/CD8+) of irradiated rat in vivo. The results obtained demonstrated that the average sizes of pH-sensitive chitosan nanoparticles were 175.6 ± 17 nm, the zeta potential was 28.44 ± 0.5 mV and the encapsulation efficiency was 76.70 ± 2.6%. The cumulative release percentages of thymopentin from the pH-sensitive nanoparticles were 24.65%, 41.01%, and 81.44% incubated in different medium, 0.1 N HCl, pH 5.0 PBS, and pH 7.4 PBS, respectively. The pH-sensitive chitosan nanoparticles could efficiently protect TP5 from enzymatic degradation and prolong the degradation half-time of TP5 from 1.5 min to 15 min. It was demonstrated from the lymphocyte proliferation test that the nanoparticle-encapsulated TP5 still kept its biological activity. In immunosuppression rats, the lowered T-lymphocyte subsets values were significantly increased and the raised CD4+/CD8+ ratio was evidently reduced. These results indicated that pH-sensitive chitosan nanoparticles may be used as the vector in oral drug delivery system for TP5.

pH-sensitive release of fungal metabolites from chitosan nanoparticles for effective cytotoxicity in prostate cancer (PC3) cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Kandasamy Saravanakumar ◽  
Arokia Vijaya Anand Mariadoss ◽  
Anbazhagan Sathiyaseelan ◽  
Karthikkumar Venkatachalam ◽  
Xiaowen Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Fungal Metabolites ◽  
Pc3 Cells

Trypsinolysis of Polyurethane Particles Based on Сyclodextrin with Encapsulated Moxifloxacin

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
L.R. Yakupova ◽  
А.А. Skuredina ◽  
Е.V. Kudryashova
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Hydrodynamic Diameter ◽  
Prolonged Action ◽  
Cyclodextrin Complexes ◽  
Acidic Media ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Oral Dosage Forms ◽  
Average Hydrodynamic Diameter

Abstract-Moxifloxacin encapsulation in polymer cyclodextrin-based particles with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 150--200 nm has led to the formation of potential delivery systems with a degree of moxifloxacin inclusion of more than 80%. Cross-linking of the moxifloxacin-cyclodextrin complexes caused a pronounced slowdown in the release of the drug molecules in acidic media to less than 10% per day. In the presence of trypsin, the drug release was accelerated by 15--20% within 90 min. It was shown by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy that this acceleration was due to the partial enzymatic degradation of the urethane bonds of the polymer matrix near the surface of the particles. The results obtained are important for the development of highly effective oral dosage forms of prolonged action. Key words: fluoroquinolones, cyclodextrins, FTIR spectroscopy, trypsin

scholarly journals PACKAGING OF HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN VACCINE AND MORINGA OLEIFERA EXTRACT INTO CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Diky Mudhakir ◽  
Adik Ahmadi ◽  
Muhamad Insanu ◽  
Neny Nuraini
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency

Objective: Oftentimes, the recombinant antigen for the use of vaccines is less immunogenic than live attenuated or inactive vaccines. Hence, a potent adjuvant is needed to enhance the immune response. Moreover, the role of vector design is also important to facilitate the improvement of the immune response. The aim of this research was to develop hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-loaded nanoparticles and Moringa oleifera aqueous leaf extracts as an adjuvant using chitosan polymer. Methods: Chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by the ionic gelation method using sodium tripolyphosphate as the cross-linking agent. A system was composed of chitosan core in which HBsAg and M. oleifera extracts were incorporated. The concentration of HBsAg used in this combination was 10 μg/ml, and the concentrations of extracts were 10, 50, and 100 μg/ml, respectively. In this study, three types of nanoparticles were produced: HBsAg-loaded nanoparticles, M. oleifera-loaded nanoparticles, and combination of HBsAg–M. oleifera-loaded nanoparticles. The nanoparticles formed were characterized by the particle size, HBsAg entrapment efficiency using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the entrapment efficiency of extracts using the total flavonoid method. Results: The results showed that the particle size was between 111 and 245 nm. The entrapment efficiency of HBsAg in the separate formula was 79%, while that in the combined formula was approximately 96–98%. Furthermore, the entrapment efficiency of the extracts in the separate formula was around 64–91%, while that in the combined formula was 55–82.5%. Particularly, HBsAg–M. oleifera-loaded chitosan nanoparticles with the extract concentrations of 50 μg/ml showed the highest entrapment efficiencies of HBsAg and M. oleifera extracts of approximately 98 and 82.5%, respectively. Conclusion: Collectively, the system has been successfully developed, so it is then plausible to determine the function of the devices to enhance the immune response in the future.

scholarly journals In vitro antitumor activity of methotrexate via pH-sensitive chitosan nanoparticles

Biomaterials ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 2758-2772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Rubert Nogueira ◽  
Lorena Tavano ◽  
Montserrat Mitjans ◽  
Lourdes Pérez ◽  
M. Rosa Infante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Ph Sensitive

Enzyme-mediated in situ formation of pH-sensitive nanogels for proteins delivery

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 8032-8042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhipeng Zeng ◽  
Yingqi She ◽  
Zhiping Peng ◽  
Junchao Wei ◽  
Xiaohui He
Keyword(s):  
Protein Delivery ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Crosslinking Reaction ◽  
Intracellular Protein ◽  
In Situ Formation ◽  
Intracellular Protein Delivery

pH-Sensitive (PEG-b-P(LGA-g-Tyr)) nanogels were fabricated through the enzyme-mediated crosslinking reaction and used to load FITC-BSA for intracellular protein delivery.

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