Efficient Ni/Au Mesh Transparent Electrodes for ITO-Free Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Indium thin oxide (ITO)-free planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) were fabricated at a low temperature (150 °C) in this work based on the transparent electrode of photolithography processed nickel/gold (Ni/Au) mesh and the high conductivity polymer, PH1000. Ultrathin Au was introduced to increase the conductivity of metal mesh, and the optimal hexagonal Ni (30 nm)/Au (10 nm) mesh (line width of 5 μm) shows a transmittance close to 80% in the visible light region and a sheet resistance lower than 16.9 Ω/sq. The conductive polymer PH1000 not only smooths the raised surface of the metal mesh but also enhances the charge collection ability of metal mesh. The fabricated PSCs have the typical planar structure (glass/Ni-Au mesh/PH1000/PEDOT:PSS/MAyFA1−yPbIxCl3−x/PCBM/BCP/Ag) and the champion PSC (0.09 cm2) obtains a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.88%, negligible current hysteresis, steady current density and PCE outputs, and good process repeatability. Its photovoltaic performance and stability are comparable to the reference PSC based on the ITO electrodes (PCE = 15.70%), which demonstrates that the Ni/Au mesh transparent electrodes are a promising ITO alternative to fabricate efficient PSCs. The relatively lower performance of Ni/Au based PSC results from the relatively slower charge extraction and stronger charge recombination than the ITO based PSC. Further, we tried to fabricate the large area (1 cm2) device and achieve a PCE over 6% with negligible hysteresis and steady current density and PCE outputs. The improvements of perovskite film quality and interface modification should be an effective approach to further enhance the device performance of Ni/Au based PSCs, and the Ni/Au mesh electrode may find wider applications in PSCs and flexible devices.

Download Full-text

Four-terminal perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells based on large-area perovskite solar cells utilizing low-cost copper semi-transparent electrode

Applied Physics A ◽

10.1007/s00339-021-05234-w ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 128 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Manas R. Samantaray ◽

Dhriti S. Ghosh ◽

Nikhil Chander

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Low Cost ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Transparent Electrode ◽

Large Area ◽

Tandem Solar Cells

Download Full-text

Effect of Codoping Cl Anion and 5-AVA Cation on Performance of Large-Area Perovskite Solar Cells with Double-Mesoporous Layers

International Journal of Photoenergy ◽

10.1155/2016/2953592 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yaxian Pei ◽

Xiaoping Zou ◽

Yingxiang Guan ◽

Gongqing Teng

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Photovoltaic Performance ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Processing Technique ◽

Structural Defects ◽

Conducting Layer ◽

Photogenerated Carrier ◽

Large Area ◽

Carrier Extraction

For the perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the performance of the PSCs has become the focus of the research by improving the quality of the perovskite absorption layer. So far, the performance of the large-area PSCs is lower than that of small-area PSCs. In the paper, the experiments were designed to improve the photovoltaic performance of the large-area PSCs by improved processing technique. Here we investigated the optoelectronic properties of the prototypical CH3NH3PbI3(MAPbI3) further modulated by introducing other extrinsic ions (specifically codoped Cl−and 5-AVA+). Moreover, we used inorganic electron extraction layer to achieve very rapid photogenerated carrier extraction eliminating local structural defects over large areas. Ultimately, we fabricated a best-performing perovskite solar cell based on codoping Cl anion and 5-AVA cation which uses a double layer of mesoporous TiO2and ZrO2as a scaffold infiltrated with perovskite and does not require a hole-conducting layer. The experiment results indicated that an average efficiency of double-mesoporous layer-based devices with codoping Cl anion and 5-AVA cation was obtained with exceeding 50% enhancement, compared to that of pure single-mesoporous layer-based device.

Download Full-text

Polymer Amplification to Improve Performance and Stability Towards Semi-Transparent Perovskite Solar Cells Fabrication

10.26434/chemrxiv.9741356 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Hafez Nikbakht ◽

Ahmed Esmail Shalan ◽

Manuel Salado ◽

Abbas Assadi ◽

Parviz Boroojerdian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

High Performance ◽

Vinylidene Fluoride ◽

Photovoltaic Performance ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Spectroscopic Properties ◽

Charge Transfer Resistance ◽

Large Area ◽

Transfer Resistance

The performance of methylammonium lead triiodide (CH3NH3PbI3) based solar cells depends on its crystallization and controlled microstructure. In spite of its high performance, long-term stability is a paramount factor towards its large area fabrication and potential industrialization. Herein, we have employed poly(vinylidene fluoride−trifluoro ethylene) P(VDF-TrFE) as an additive into a low concentration based perovskite precursor solutions to control the crystallinity and microstructure. Perovskite layers of lower thickness can be derived from low precursor concentration, however it often suffers from severe voids and roughness. Introducing judicious quantities of P(VDF-TrFE) can improve the surface coverage, smoothness as well as reduces the grain boundaries in the perovskite. An array of characterization techniques were utilized to probe the structural, microstructural and spectroscopic properties. Impedance spectra suggests, the P(VDF-TrFE) can improve the carrier lifetimes and reduce the charge transfer resistance, which in turn allows to improve photovoltaic performance. For an optimized concentration of P(VDF-TrFE), the fabricated semi-transparent solar cells yielded power conversion efficiency in excess of 10%, which supersede pristine devices along with improved stability. The device architect and the fabrication technique provide an effective route to fabricate cost effective and visible-light-semi-transparent perovskite solar cells.

Download Full-text

Polymer Amplification to Improve Performance and Stability Towards Semi-Transparent Perovskite Solar Cells Fabrication

10.26434/chemrxiv.9741356.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Hafez Nikbakht ◽

Ahmed Esmail Shalan ◽

Manuel Salado ◽

Abbas Assadi ◽

Parviz Boroojerdian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

High Performance ◽

Vinylidene Fluoride ◽

Photovoltaic Performance ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Spectroscopic Properties ◽

Charge Transfer Resistance ◽

Large Area ◽

Transfer Resistance

Download Full-text

Dendritic core carbazole-based hole transporting materials for perovskite solar cells: molecular design, photovoltaic performance and impact of hole transporters and doping on the electrical response of the photovoltaic devices

10.29363/nanoge.iperop.2019.010 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Thanh-Tuan Bui ◽

Maria Ulfa ◽

Federica Maschietto ◽

Alistar Ottochian ◽

Mai-Phuong Nghiêm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Molecular Design ◽

Electrical Response ◽

Photovoltaic Performance ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Photovoltaic Devices ◽

Dendritic Core ◽

Hole Transporting ◽

Hole Transporting Materials

Download Full-text

The Influence of the Thickness of Compact TiO2 Electron Transport Layer on the Performance of Planar CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14123295 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 3295

Author(s):

Andrzej Sławek ◽

Zbigniew Starowicz ◽

Marek Lipiński

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Electron Transport ◽

Short Circuit ◽

Photovoltaic Performance ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Precursor Solution ◽

Short Circuit Current ◽

Short Circuit Current Density ◽

Transport Layer ◽

Electron Transport Layer

In recent years, lead halide perovskites have attracted considerable attention from the scientific community due to their exceptional properties and fast-growing enhancement for solar energy harvesting efficiency. One of the fundamental aspects of the architecture of perovskite-based solar cells (PSCs) is the electron transport layer (ETL), which also acts as a barrier for holes. In this work, the influence of compact TiO2 ETL on the performance of planar heterojunction solar cells based on CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite was investigated. ETLs were deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates from a titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate) precursor solution using the spin-coating method with changing precursor concentration and centrifugation speed. It was found that the thickness and continuity of ETLs, investigated between 0 and 124 nm, strongly affect the photovoltaic performance of PSCs, in particular short-circuit current density (JSC). Optical and topographic properties of the compact TiO2 layers were investigated as well.

Download Full-text

Abnormal spatial heterogeneity governing charge-carrier mechanism in efficient Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite solar cells

Energy & Environmental Science ◽

10.1039/d1ee00984b ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jun Xi ◽

Junseop Byeon ◽

Unsoo Kim ◽

Kijoon Bang ◽

Gi Rim Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Charge Carrier ◽

Spatial Heterogeneity ◽

Real Time ◽

Photovoltaic Performance ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Carrier Mechanism

Layered Ruddlesden–Popper perovskite (RPP) photovoltaics have gained substantial attention owing to their excellent air stability. However, their photovoltaic performance is still limited by the unclear real-time charge-carrier mechanism of operating...

Download Full-text

Effects of CsSnxPb1−xI3 Quantum Dots as Interfacial Layer on Photovoltaic Performance of Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

Nanoscale Research Letters ◽

10.1186/s11671-021-03533-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chi Zhang ◽

Zhiyuan He ◽

Xuanhui Luo ◽

Rangwei Meng ◽

Mengwei Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantum Dots ◽

Solar Cells ◽

Photovoltaic Performance ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Photogenerated Electron ◽

Depletion Region ◽

Band Alignment ◽

Back Surface ◽

The One ◽

Carbon Based

AbstractIn this work, inorganic tin-doped perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) are incorporated into carbon-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to improve their photovoltaic performance. On the one hand, by controlling the content of Sn2+ doping, the energy level of the tin-doped PQDs can be adjusted, to realize optimized band alignment and enhanced separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. On the other hand, the incorporation of tin-doped PQDs provided with a relatively high acceptor concentration due to the self-p-type doping effect is able to reduce the width of the depletion region near the back surface of the perovskite, thereby enhancing the hole extraction. Particularly, after the addition of CsSn0.2Pb0.8I3 quantum dots (QDs), improvement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 12.80 to 14.22% can be obtained, in comparison with the pristine device. Moreover, the experimental results are analyzed through the simulation of the one-dimensional perovskite/tin-doped PQDs heterojunction.

Download Full-text