scholarly journals Trends in Ultra-Processed Food Purchases from 1984 to 2016 in Mexican Households

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquín Marrón-Ponce ◽  
Lizbeth Tolentino-Mayo ◽  
Mauricio Hernández-F ◽  
Carolina Batis
Keyword(s):  
Food System ◽  
National Income ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Purchases ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Daily Record ◽  
Record Instrument

Global trade agreements have shaped the food system in ways that alter the availability, accessibility, affordability, and desirability of ready-to-eat foods. We assessed the time trends of ultra-processed foods purchases in Mexican households from 1984 to 2016. Cross-sectional data from 15 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Survey (1984, 1989, 1992, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2016) were analyzed. Food and beverage purchases collected in a daily record instrument (over seven days) were classified according to their degree of processing according to the NOVA food framework: (1) Unprocessed or minimally processed foods; (2) processed culinary ingredients; (3) processed foods; and (4) ultra-processed foods. From 1984 to 2016, the total daily energy purchased decreased from 2428.8 to 1875.4 kcal/Adult Equivalent/day, there was a decrease of unprocessed or minimally processed foods (from 69.8% to 61.4% kcal) and processed culinary ingredients (from 14.0% to 9.0% kcal), and an increase of processed foods (from 5.7% to 6.5% kcal) and ultra-processed foods (from 10.5% to 23.1% kcal). Given that ultra-processed foods purchases have doubled in the last three decades and unprocessed or minimally processed foods purchased have gradually declined, future strategies should promote the consumption of unprocessed or minimally processed foods, and discourage ultra-processed foods availability and accessibility in Mexico.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed foods in childhood: a system of violation of rights and food and nutrition insecurity

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. e64101421596
Author(s):  
Beatriz Gouveia Moura ◽  
Jamille Caroso de Andrade ◽  
Adriana Correia dos Santos ◽  
Rodrigo do Nascimento Lopes ◽  
Maria Emília Lisboa Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Food System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food And Nutrition

Discussions on the health consequences of the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are wide-ranging, but little has been addressed under systemic aspects, human rights, sovereignty and food and nutrition security, and socio-environmental sustainability. For this reason, the aim of this article was to analyze the systemic implications of children's access to UPFs. Secondary data from a cross-sectional survey conducted with pre-school students of two private schools in a capital city in the Northeastern region of Brazil were analyzed through the analysis of lunch boxes for three consecutive days. The most frequent UPFs had information about the manufacturing location, ingredients, and brand collected from their labels and subsequently studied. We noticed that most of the products were manufactured in other states, being transported for long distances, had little ingredient diversity, and belonged to sub-brands that conglomerate into “big players”. In this sense, we conclude that children are having their right to food violated and that access to UPFs by this public supports a hegemonic and unsustainable food system from a socio-environmental point of view that contributes to food and nutrition insecurity.

Consumption of ultra-processed foods at 11, 22 and 30 years at the 2004, 1993 and 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohorts

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Caroline dos Santos Costa ◽  
Maria Cecília Formoso Assunção ◽  
Juliana dos Santos Vaz ◽  
Fernanda Rauber ◽  
Isabel Oliveira Bierhals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Skin Colour ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Daily Energy

Abstract Objective: To describe the consumption of ultra-processed foods according to demographic and socioeconomic characteristics in three birth cohorts. Design: Cross-sectional analysis. Setting: Data from the 2004, 1993 and 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohorts were used at 11, 22 and 30 years, respectively, collected between 2012 and 2015. Outcome was the relative contribution of ultra-processed foods from the total daily energy intake. Maternal-independent variables were self-reported skin colour, schooling, age and family income (obtained in the perinatal study), and variables of the cohort member, sex, skin colour, schooling and current family income (the last two obtained at the 11-, 22- and 30-year follow-ups of the respective cohorts). We calculated crude and adjusted means of the outcome for the whole cohorts and according to the independent variables. Participants: 11-, 22- and 30-year-old individuals. Results: Daily energetic contribution from ultra-processed foods was higher in the younger cohort (33·7, 29·8 and 25·1 % at 11, 22 and 30 years, respectively). Maternal schooling and family income at birth showed an inverse dose–response relationship at 11 and 22 years, but a positive dose–response at 30 years. Female sex, lower schooling and family income at 22 years and higher schooling at 30 years were associated to a higher contribution from ultra-processed foods in the daily energy intake. Conclusions: Information from food and nutrition policies needs a higher dissemination, mostly among women and population groups of lower income and schooling, including its promotion in media and health services, aiming for a decreased consumption of ultra-processed foods.

scholarly journals Urban vs. Rural Socioeconomic Differences in the Nutritional Quality of Household Packaged Food Purchases by Store Type

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Lacko ◽  
Shu Wen Ng ◽  
Barry Popkin
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Food System ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Food Purchases ◽  
Weighted Means ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Packaged Food

The U.S. food system is rapidly changing, including the growth of mass merchandisers and dollar stores, which may impact the quality of packaged food purchases (PFPs). Furthermore, diet-related disparities exist by socioeconomic status (SES) and rural residence. We use data from the 2010–2018 Nielsen Homescan Panel to describe the nutritional profiles of PFPs by store type and to assess whether these vary by household urbanicity and SES. Store types include grocery stores, mass merchandisers, club stores, online shopping, dollar stores, and convenience/drug stores. Food and beverage groups contributing the most calories at each store type are estimated using survey-weighted means, while the associations of urbanicity and SES with nutritional quality are estimated using multivariate regression. We find that households that are customers at particular store types purchase the same quality of food regardless of urbanicity or SES. However, we find differences in the quality of foods between store types and that the quantity of calories purchased at each store type varies according to household urbanicity and SES. Rural shoppers tend to shop more at mass merchandisers and dollar stores with less healthful PFPs. We discuss implications for the types of store interventions most relevant for improving the quality of PFPs.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed food purchases in Norway: a quantitative study on a representative sample of food retailers

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1990-2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siri Løvsjø Solberg ◽  
Laura Terragni ◽  
Sabrina Ionata Granheim
Keyword(s):  
Representative Sample ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Food Purchases ◽  
Food Retailers ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
Food Sales

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the use of ultra-processed foods – vectors of salt, sugar and fats – in the Norwegian diet through an assessment of food sales.DesignSales data from a representative sample of food retailers in Norway, collected in September 2005 (n150) and September 2013 (n170), were analysed. Data consisted of barcode scans of individual food item purchases, reporting type of food, price, geographical region and retail concept. Foods were categorized as minimally processed, culinary ingredients, processed products and ultra-processed. Indicators were share of purchases and share of expenditure on food categories.SettingSix geographical regions in Norway.SubjectsThe barcode data included 296 121 observations in 2005 and 501 938 observations in 2013.ResultsUltra-processed products represented 58·8 % of purchases and 48·8 % of expenditure in 2013. Minimally processed foods accounted for 17·2 % of purchases and 33·0 % of expenditure. Every third purchase was a sweet ultra-processed product. Food sales changed marginally in favour of minimally processed foods and in disfavour of processed products between 2005 and 2013 (χ2(3)=203 195,P<0·001, Cramer’sV=0·017,P<0·001).ConclusionsUltra-processed products accounted for the majority of food sales in Norway, indicating a high consumption of such products. This could be contributing to rising rates of overweight, obesity and non-communicable diseases in the country, as findings from other countries indicate. Policy measures should aim at decreasing consumption of ultra-processed products and facilitating access (including economic) to minimally processed foods.

scholarly journals Household availability of ultra-processed foods and obesity in nineteen European countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Augusto Monteiro ◽  
Jean-Claude Moubarac ◽  
Renata Bertazzi Levy ◽  
Daniela Silva Canella ◽  
Maria Laura da Costa Louzada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Lag ◽  
National Income ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

AbstractObjectiveTo assess household availability of NOVA food groups in nineteen European countries and to analyse the association between availability of ultra-processed foods and prevalence of obesity.DesignEcological, cross-sectional study.SettingEurope.SubjectsEstimates of ultra-processed foods calculated from national household budget surveys conducted between 1991 and 2008. Estimates of obesity prevalence obtained from national surveys undertaken near the budget survey time.ResultsAcross the nineteen countries, median average household availability amounted to 33·9 % of total purchased dietary energy for unprocessed or minimally processed foods, 20·3 % for processed culinary ingredients, 19·6 % for processed foods and 26·4 % for ultra-processed foods. The average household availability of ultra-processed foods ranged from 10·2 % in Portugal and 13·4 % in Italy to 46·2 % in Germany and 50·4 % in the UK. A significant positive association was found between national household availability of ultra-processed foods and national prevalence of obesity among adults. After adjustment for national income, prevalence of physical inactivity, prevalence of smoking, measured or self-reported prevalence of obesity, and time lag between estimates on household food availability and obesity, each percentage point increase in the household availability of ultra-processed foods resulted in an increase of 0·25 percentage points in obesity prevalence.ConclusionsThe study contributes to a growing literature showing that the consumption of ultra-processed foods is associated with an increased risk of diet-related non-communicable diseases. Its findings reinforce the need for public policies and actions that promote consumption of unprocessed or minimally processed foods and make ultra-processed foods less available and affordable.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed foods and the nutritional dietary profile in Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Laura da Costa Louzada ◽  
Ana Paula Bortoletto Martins ◽  
Daniela Silva Canella ◽  
Larissa Galastri Baraldi ◽  
Renata Bertazzi Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Free Sugar ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Fiber Protein ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of consuming ultra-processed foods on the nutritional dietary profile in Brazil.METHODS Cross-sectional study conducted with data from the module on individual food consumption from the 2008-2009 Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF – Brazilian Family Budgets Survey). The sample, which represented the section of the Brazilian population aged 10 years or over, involved 32,898 individuals. Food consumption was evaluated by two 24-hour food records. The consumed food items were classified into three groups: natural or minimally processed, including culinary preparations with these foods used as a base; processed; and ultra-processed.RESULTS The average daily energy consumption per capita was 1,866 kcal, with 69.5% being provided by natural or minimally processed foods, 9.0% by processed foods and 21.5% by ultra-processed food. The nutritional profile of the fraction of ultra-processed food consumption showed higher energy density, higher overall fat content, higher saturated and trans fat, higher levels of free sugar and less fiber, protein, sodium and potassium, when compared to the fraction of consumption related to natural or minimally processed foods. Ultra-processed foods presented generally unfavorable characteristics when compared to processed foods. Greater inclusion of ultra-processed foods in the diet resulted in a general deterioration in the dietary nutritional profile. The indicators of the nutritional dietary profile of Brazilians who consumed less ultra-processed foods, with the exception of sodium, are the stratum of the population closer to international recommendations for a healthy diet.CONCLUSIONS The results from this study highlight the damage to health that is arising based on the observed trend in Brazil of replacing traditional meals, based on natural or minimally processed foods, with ultra-processed foods. These results also support the recommendation of avoiding the consumption of these kinds of foods.

scholarly journals Utilization of food outlets and intake of minimally processed and ultra-processed foods among 7 to 14-year-old schoolchildren. A cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Nappi Corrêa ◽  
Anabelle Retondario ◽  
Mariane de Almeida Alves ◽  
Liliana Paula Bricarello ◽  
Gabriele Rockenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Outlets

Early consumption of ultra-processed foods among children under 2 years old in Brazil

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Spaniol ◽  
Teresa Helena Macedo da Costa ◽  
Amanda de Moura Souza ◽  
Muriel Bauermann Gubert
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the complementary food consumption according to the extent and purpose of food processing based on NOVA classification among children aged 6–24 months of Federal District, Brazil. Design: We performed a cross-sectional study using a 24-h recall to estimate the daily energy intake and nutrients according to NOVA classification. We conducted a linear regression to assess the association between the processed and ultra-processed foods (UPF) energy intake and the daily energy intake from saturated fat, daily energy intake from total sugars and daily intake of sodium. Setting: Federal District, Brazil. Participants: Five hundred and thirty-eight children aged between 6 and 24 months attended at Primary Health Care Units from March 2017 to March 2018. Results: On average, children aged from 6 to 12 and from 12 to 24 months consumed 2393 and 4054 kJ/d, respectively, and processed and UPF represented one-third of dietary energy intake. Group 2 (processed and UPF) was higher carbohydrate contributors, and lower protein, fibre and most micronutrient contributors, when compared with Group 1 (unprocessed, minimally processed foods and processed culinary ingredients). In addition, the higher the energy intake from processed and UPF, the higher was the daily energy intake from saturated fat, daily energy intake from total sugar and daily intake of sodium. Conclusion: Children are being exposed early to processed and UPF and their share affect the diet’s nutritional quality.

scholarly journals Estimated effects of the implementation of the Mexican warning labels regulation on the use of health and nutrition claims on packaged foods

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Cruz-Casarrubias ◽  
Lizbeth Tolentino-Mayo ◽  
Stefanie Vandevijvere ◽  
Simón Barquera
Keyword(s):  
Food System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Warning Labels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
New Mexican ◽  
Nutrition Claims ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Abstract Background The use of health and nutrition claims on front-of-pack labels may impact consumers’ food choices; therefore, many countries have established regulations to avoid misinformation. This study describes the prevalence of health and nutrition claims on the front-of-pack of food products in retail stores in Mexico and estimate the potential effects of the Official Mexican Standards 051 (new regulation that includes specifications for implementing warning labels and other packaging elements such as health and nutrition claims on less healthy foods) on the prevalence of these claims. Methods This is a cross-sectional study in which health and nutrition claims, nutrition information panels, and the list of ingredients of all foods and beverages available in the main retail stores in Mexico City were collected. The products were grouped by level of processing according to the NOVA food system classification. Claims were classified using the internationally harmonized INFORMAS taxonomy. According to the criteria of the new Mexican front-of-pack labelling regulation, the effect on the reduction on the prevalence of health and nutrition claims was estimated by type of food and by energy and nutrients of concern thresholds. Results Of 17,264 products, 33.8% displayed nutrition claims and 3.4% health claims. In total, 80.8% of all products in the Mexican market were classified as “less healthy”; 48.2% of products had excess calories, 44.6% had excess sodium, and 40.7% excess free sugars. The new regulation would prevent 39.4% of products with claims from displaying health and nutrition claims (P < 0.001); the largest reduction is observed for ultra-processed foods (51.1%, P < 0.001). The regulation thresholds that resulted in the largest reduction of claims were calories (OR 0.62, P < 0.001) and non-sugar sweeteners (OR 0.54, P < 0.001). Conclusions The new Mexican front-of-pack labelling regulation will prevent most processed and ultra-processed foods from displaying health and nutrition claims and will potentially improve information on packaging for consumers.

scholarly journals Breakfast Characteristics and Their Association with Energy, Macronutrients, and Food Intake in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Giménez-Legarre ◽  
Paloma Flores-Barrantes ◽  
María Luisa Miguel-Berges ◽  
Luis A. Moreno ◽  
Alba M. Santaliestra-Pasías
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Beverage Consumption ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Appraisal Tool

Breakfast plays an important role in health because it has been associated with overall health, which includes a high daily nutrient intake and a low risk of chronic diseases. For this reason, we investigated the associations between breakfast consumption and daily energy, macronutrients, and food and beverage consumption. We systematically searched peer-reviewed articles in three datasets (Pubmed, Scopus, and Cochrane). Two independent reviewers evaluated 3188 studies against the inclusion criteria using the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) critical appraisal and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) methodologies. The meta-analysis was performed by comparing results based on type of breakfast consumed (ready to eat cereal breakfasts or other types of breakfasts). Ultimately, 38 studies were included in the review and 7 of them in the energy and macronutrients intake meta-analysis. In the Systematic Review, breakfast consumers had higher energy intake (EI), fibre intake, and higher consumption of fruits and vegetables and lower consumption of soft drinks than breakfast skippers. In the Meta-Analysis, breakfast consumers had a higher carbohydrates intake (MD, −8.21; 95%CI: −11.37, −5.05) and fibre intake (MD, −8.43; 95%CI: −12.63, −4.23) than breakfast skippers. However, breakfast consumers had a lower fat intake (MD, 4.59; 95%CI: 2.04, 7.15). Our review suggests that breakfast consumption is associated with better macronutrient intake and healthier food and beverage consumption.

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