Are Dietary Indices Associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Phenotypes? A Preliminary Study

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex hormonal disorder which impairs ovarian function. The adherence to healthy dietary patterns and physical exercise are the first line of recommended treatment for PCOS patients, but it is yet unclear what type of diet is more adequate. In this case-control study, we explored associations between adherence to five dietary quality indices and the presence of PCOS. We enrolled 126 cases of PCOS and 159 controls living in Murcia (Spain). Diagnostic of PCOS and its phenotypes were established following the Rotterdam criteria (hyperandrogenism (H), oligoanovulation (O), polycystic ovaries morphology (POM)). We used a validated food frequency questionnaires to calculate the scores of five dietary indices: alternate Healthy Eating index (AHEI), AHEI-2010, relative Mediterranean Dietary Score (rMED), alternate Mediterranean Dietary Score (aMED) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH). We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios and confidence intervals. In the multivariable analysis, AHEI-2010 index was inversely associated with Hyperandrogenism + Oligoanovulation PCOS phenotype (ORQ3 vs. Q1 = 0.1; 95% CI: (0.0; 0.9); Pfor trend = 0.02). We did not find any statistical significant association between dietary indices and total anovulatory or ovulatory PCOS. However, further studies with higher sample sizes exploring these associations among the diverse phenotypes of PCOS are highly warranted.

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Are Dietary Indices Associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Phenotypes? A Case-Control Study

10.20944/preprints202012.0053.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ana Cutillas-Tolín ◽

Julian Arense-Gonzalo ◽

Jaime Mendiola ◽

Evdochia Adoamnei ◽

Fuensanta Navarro-Lafuente ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Case Control ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Dietary Score ◽

Mediterranean Dietary Score ◽

Control Study ◽

Dietary Indices

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex hormonal disorder which impair ovarian function. The adherence to healthy dietary patterns and physical exercise are the first line of recommended treatment for PCOS patients, but it is no clear what type of diet is more adequate. In this case-control study, we explore the association between the adherence to five dietary quality indices widely used and PCOS. We enrolled 126 cases of PCOS and 159 controls (Murcia, Spain). Diagnostic of PCOS and its phenotypes were established following the Rotterdam criteria [hyperandrogenism (H), oligoanovulation (O), polycystic ovaries morphology (POM)]. We used a validated food frequency questionnaires to calculate the scores for five dietary indices: alternate Healthy Eating index (AHEI), AHEI-2010, relative Mediterranean Dietary Score (rMED), alternate Mediterranean Dietary Score (aMED) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH). We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios and confidence intervals. In the multivariable analysis, AHEI-2010 index was inversely associated with “H+O” PCOS’ phenotype (ORQ3 VS Q1= 0.1; 95% CI :(0.0; 0.9); P for trend= 0.02). In conclusion, we did not find any statistical significative association between dietary indices and total, anovulatory and ovulatory PCOS, but it seems interesting explore these association among the diverse phenotypes of PCOS in studies with higher sample size.

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Metformin administration modulates and restores luteinizing hormone spontaneous episodic secretion and ovarian function in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Fertility and Sterility ◽

10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.05.020 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 114-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

A Genazzani

Keyword(s):

Luteinizing Hormone ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Ovarian Function ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Nonobese Patients

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GROWTH FACTOR ACTION ON OVARIAN FUNCTION IN POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America ◽

10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70072-4 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 325-339 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Linda Giudice

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Ovarian Function ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Ovary Syndrome

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Use of Inositols in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Effective Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.33978/2307-3586-2020-16-28-24-34 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (28) ◽

pp. 24-34

Author(s):

O.A. Pustotina ◽

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Ovarian Function ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

The Body ◽

Metabolic Parameters ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Pathogenetic Role

The article presents key data on the physiology of inositols in the body, their pathogenetic role in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome, and the possibilities of myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol in the restoration of ovarian function, metabolic parameters, and overcoming of infertility.

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Rosiglitazone in insulin-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): effects on ovarian function and metabolism

Fertility and Sterility ◽

10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03474-x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 78 ◽

pp. S36 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nicholas A Cataldo ◽

Fahim Abbasi ◽

Tracey L McLaughlin ◽

Patricia Y Fechner ◽

Gerald M Reaven ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Ovarian Function ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Insulin Resistant

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Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviors in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome per the New International Evidence-Based Guideline

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11112711 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 2711 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Annie W. Lin ◽

Maryam Kazemi ◽

Brittany Y. Jarrett ◽

Heidi Vanden Brink ◽

Kathleen M. Hoeger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

International Evidence ◽

Evidence Based Guideline

Lifestyle modifications are recommended as first-line therapy in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, usual dietary and physical activity (PA) behaviors of women with PCOS remain uncertain, likely owing to controversy in diagnostic criteria. Our objective was to contrast the usual dietary and PA behaviors of women with PCOS (n = 80) diagnosed by the 2018 International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of PCOS to that of controls (n = 44). Study outcomes were dietary intake, diet quality (Healthy Eating Index-2015), and PA (questionnaire, waist-worn accelerometers). Women with PCOS met the acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges for carbohydrate, fat, and protein, but did not meet the recommended dietary reference intakes for vitamin D (mean (95% confidence interval); 6 (5–7) μg/d), vitamin B9 (275 (252–298) μg/d), total fiber (24 (22–26) g/d), or sodium (4.0 (3.6–4.4) g/d). Women with PCOS also met the US recommendations for PA. No differences were detected in dietary intake, diet quality, or PA levels between groups (p ≥ 0.11). In conclusion, women with and without PCOS have comparable dietary and PA behaviors. A lack of unique targets for dietary or PA interventions supports the position of the new guideline to foster healthy lifestyle recommendations for the management of PCOS.

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Evaluation of ovarian function in 35–40-year-old women with polycystic ovary syndrome

European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology ◽

10.1016/j.ejogrb.2013.06.013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 170 (1) ◽

pp. 165-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Amanda Ladrón de Guevara ◽

Nicolás Crisosto ◽

Bárbara Echiburú ◽

Jessica Preisler ◽

Natalie Vantman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Ovarian Function ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Ovary Syndrome

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Contemporary approaches to the management of polycystic ovary syndrome

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1177/2042018818756790 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 123-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Renato Pasquali

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Ovarian Function ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Review Article ◽

Metabolic Abnormalities ◽

Androgen Excess ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Ovulatory Dysfunction ◽

Ovarian Morphology

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder in women in their reproductive years and is characterized by androgen excess, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology. It is also associated with several metabolic abnormalities, particularly insulin resistance and obesity, which play an important role in the pathophysiology of PCOS and, in particular, negatively influence ovarian function and fertility. This review article summarizes the available treatment for women with PCOS. Specifically, current and potentially new therapies are discussed.

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Evidence From Men for Ovary-independent Effects of Genetic Risk Factors for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgab838 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jia Zhu ◽

Natàlia Pujol-Gualdo ◽

Laura B L Wittemans ◽

Cecilia M Lindgren ◽

Triin Laisk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Genetic Risk ◽

Ovarian Function ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Genetic Risk Factors ◽

Risk Scores ◽

Androgenic Alopecia ◽

Ovary Syndrome

Abstract Context Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by ovulatory dysfunction and hyperandrogenism and can be associated with cardiometabolic dysfunction, but it remains unclear which of these features are inciting causes and which are secondary consequences. Objective To determine whether ovarian function is necessary for genetic risk factors for PCOS to produce nonreproductive phenotypes. Design, Setting, and Participants Cohort of 176 360 men in the UK Biobank and replication cohort of 37 348 men in the Estonian Biobank. Main Outcome Measures We calculated individual PCOS polygenic risk scores (PRS), tested for association of these PRS with PCOS-related phenotypes using linear and logistic regression and performed mediation analysis. Results For every 1 SD increase in the PCOS PRS, men had increased odds of obesity (odds ratio [OR]: 1.09; 95% CI, 1.08-1.10; P = 1 × 10-49), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (OR: 1.08; 95% CI, 1.05-1.10; P = 3 × 10-12), coronary artery disease (CAD) (OR: 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04; P = 0.0029), and marked androgenic alopecia (OR: 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.05; P = 3 × 10-5). Body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1c, triglycerides, and free androgen index increased as the PRS increased, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and SHBG decreased (all P < .0001). The association between the PRS and CAD appeared to be completely mediated by BMI, whereas the associations with T2DM and marked androgenic alopecia appeared to be partially mediated by BMI. Conclusions Genetic risk factors for PCOS have phenotypic consequences in men, indicating that they can act independently of ovarian function. Thus, PCOS in women may not always be a primary disorder of the ovaries.

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