scholarly journals Trends in Diet Quality and Related Sociodemographic, Health, and Occupational Characteristics among Workers in Spain: Results from Three Consecutive National Health Surveys (2006–2017)

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 522
Author(s):  
Silvia Portero de la Cruz ◽  
Jesús Cebrino
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Health Surveys

Poor dietary practices are commonly reported in working populations from different economic sectors, resulting in increased absenteeism and a decrease in productivity. The aims of this study were to describe the frequency of food consumption and diet quality in workers aged ≥16 years from 2006 to 2017 in Spain and to evaluate the factors associated with diet quality. A nationwide cross-sectional study was carried out among workers using data from the Spanish National Health Surveys in 2006 (n = 11,068), 2011 (n = 7497) and 2017 (n = 8890). Sociodemographic, occupational, and health-related variables were used as well as diet quality data. A multiple linear regression was performed to determine the characteristics related to overall diet quality. The percentage of workers who consumed vegetables, at most, once or twice per week decreased from 2006 to 2017 (p < 0.001). A lower diet quality score was related to the consumption of tobacco and alcohol and being aged ≥25 years old, while a higher diet quality score was linked to being a woman, having Spanish nationality, receiving optimal perceived social support, being physically active in one’s main occupation, doing leisure-time physical activity, and the type of contract.

scholarly journals Association Between Diet Quality and Food Waste in South Florida

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 143-143
Author(s):  
Vanessa Mijares ◽  
Jair Alcivar ◽  
Cristina Palacios
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Florida International University

Abstract Objectives In 2015, the USDA/EPA set a goal of reducing food waste in 50% by 2030. This goal will not only lower U.S. methane gas emissions but also redirect food to millions of food insecure Americans. Little is known on food waste and its association with diet quality. Therefore, our objective was to explore the associations between diet quality and food waste. Methods This was a cross sectional study among adults ³18 years in south Florida who are the primary household food provider conducting a primary shopping event for the week. Participants were recruited outside of local grocery stores and asked to fill out a quick food waste survey. Pictures of the participants’ grocery receipts were taken to analyze diet quality using the Grocery Purchase Quality Index 2016 (GPQI-2016). The GPQI-2016 is based on the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)– 2010 and has 11 different components (each with a maximum score of 5 or 10) for a total score of 75. Correlations were used to determine the associations between diet quality and amount of food waste (Pearson) or reasons for food waste (Point-biserial). Results A total of 109 participants were recruited but 103 had complete data. Mean age was 44.6 ± 13.6 years, most were females (74%) and Hispanics (79%). Most usually grocery shop in a main event and then go back for smaller items (44%) once (36%) or twice (28%) a week. Mean diet quality score was 40.9 ± 9.64 out of 75 points and mean amount of food waste was 17.7 ± 19.9 handfuls. Most reported throwing away food mainly because it went bad (90%) or it was past it's due date (80%). Handfuls of bread/rice waste were significantly inversely correlated with diet quality (r = −2.60; p = 0.013). Also, we found a significant inverse correlation between diet quality and food thrown away because it had gone past it's use by date (r = −.196; p = 0.049). Conclusions A lower diet quality score was related to higher amount of bread/rice wasted and with throwing away foods that has past it's use date. These results could justify directing reducing food waste efforts in the community by educating individuals on purchasing frozen products or on proper storage to prolong shelf life, as well as on understanding the different dates placed on products by manufacturers. Funding Sources Internal funds from Florida International University.

scholarly journals Food-based diet quality score in relation to depressive symptoms in young and middle-aged Japanese women

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (12) ◽  
pp. 1674-1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroka Sakai ◽  
Kentaro Murakami ◽  
Satomi Kobayashi ◽  
Hitomi Suga ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractOnly a few studies have focused on the association between overall diet, rather than intakes of individual nutrients or foods, and depressive symptoms in Japanese. This cross-sectional study examined associations between a diet quality score and depressive symptoms in 3963 young (age 18 years) and 3833 middle-aged (mean age 47·9 (sd 4·2) years) Japanese women. Dietary information was collected using a diet history questionnaire. A previously developed diet quality score was computed mainly based on the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 22·0 % for young women and 16·8 % for middle-aged women, assessed as a Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) score ≥23 and ≥19, respectively. As expected, the diet quality score was associated positively with intakes of ‘grain dishes’, ‘vegetable dishes’, ‘fish and meat dishes’, ‘milk’ and ‘fruits’ and inversely with intakes of energy from ‘snacks, confection and beverages’ and Na from seasonings. After adjustment for potential confounders, OR for depressive symptoms in the highest v. lowest quintiles of the diet quality score was 0·65 (95 % CI 0·50, 0·84) in young women (Pfor trend=0·0005). In middle-aged women, the corresponding value was 0·59 (95 % CI 0·45, 0·78) (Pfor trend<0·0001). Analyses where the diet quality and CES-D scores were treated as continuous variables also showed inverse associations. In conclusion, this cross-sectional study showed that a higher diet quality score was associated with a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms in young and middle-aged Japanese women. Prospective studies are needed to confirm a public health relevance of this finding.

scholarly journals Hypertension care cascade in Chile: a serial cross-sectional study from national health surveys 2003-2010-2017.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Passi-Solar ◽  
Paula Margozzini ◽  
Jennifer S Mindell ◽  
Milagros A Ruiz ◽  
Carlos Valencia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Antihypertensive Treatment ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence ◽  
Care Cascade ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Health Surveys

Abstract Background: Data on trends in hypertension prevalence and indicators of attainment at each step of the care cascade are required in Chile. Aim : To quantify trends (2003-2017) in prevalence and in the proportion of individuals with hypertension attaining each step of the care cascade (awareness, treatment and control) among adults aged ≥17 years, and to assess the impact of lowering the blood pressure (BP) threshold on these indicators. Methods: We used data from three Chilean national health surveys (ENS 2003; 2010; 2017). Mean systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) levels, hypertension prevalence (BP≥140/90 mmHg or use of antihypertensive treatment), and levels of awareness, treatment and control were assessed in each year. Logistic regression on pooled data was used to assess trends in hypertension prevalence and in its care cascade; linear regression was used to assess trends in SBP and DBP. We compared levels of hypertension prevalence using two sources to ascertain use of antihypertensive treatment (ATC codes from a detailed medicine inventory and self-reported use). The 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines were used to re-define hypertension using lower thresholds (BP≥130/80 mmHg or use of treatment). Results : Hypertension prevalence was 34.0%, 32.0% and 30.8% in 2003, 2010 and 2017, respectively. Mean SBP and DBP decreased over the 15-year period, except for SBP among females on treatment. Adopting the 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines would increase hypertension prevalence by 17% and 55% in absolute and relative terms, respectively. Levels of treated- and controlled-hypertension were significantly higher in 2017 than in 2003 (65% vs 41% for treatment; 34% vs 14% for control), while levels of awareness were stable (66% vs 59%). Gender disparities were evident, with higher awareness, treatment and control levels among females in 2003, 2010 and 2017. Conclusions: The introduction of universal access to care for hypertension in Chile in 2005 accounted partly for the rise in levels of treated- and controlled-hypertension since 2003. Lowering the BP threshold would substantially increase the financial public health challenge of further improving levels of attainment at each step of the care cascade. Innovative and collaborative strategies are needed to improve the management of hypertension, especially among males.

scholarly journals Diet quality, assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2010, and exercise associated factors of obesity: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Ismael San Mauro Martin ◽  
Elena Garicano Vilar ◽  
Paula Mendive Dubourdieu ◽  
Victor Paredes Barato ◽  
Cristina Garagarza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Certain weight management methods may be associated with unhealthy dietary intakes, skewing toward certain dietary components and lacking others. Management of weight should not ignore the quality of the diet, as both obesity and poor diet are associated with higher risk of chronic disease. Objective: To conduct a diet quality and exercise scan and observe their repercussion on BMI, in adults from Spain, Portugal, Uruguay and Mexico. Material and methods:An observational retrospective cohort study was designed, with 1181 adults aged 18-65 years. HEI-2010 score was used to assess diet quality. Data on type, days a week and hours/day of exercise, and participant’s anthropometric measures were collected.Results: The mean HEI-2010 score was 65.21. There were no statistically significant differences between HEI-2010 score and BMI [p=0.706], BMI and days of exercise per week [p=0.151], BMI and hours/day of exercise [p=0.590] and BMI and being active [>3 days/week] [p=0.106]. On the contrary, overall exercise influenced BMI significantly [p<0.001]. Conclusions: Dietary patterns may help to prevent weight gain and fight overweight and obesity. This study, however, did not observe associations between the quality of the diet nor specifics of exercise with lower BMIs. The quality of the diet of adults in Spain, Portugal, Uruguay and Mexico fell short of recommendations.

scholarly journals The Association Between Hours Spent at Work and Obesity Status: Results From NHANES 2015 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-365
Author(s):  
Caitlin Doerrmann ◽  
S. Cristina Oancea ◽  
Arielle Selya
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Health ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Obesity Status

Purpose: To determine whether weekly hours worked is associated with obesity among employed adults in the United States. Design: Data from the 2015 to 2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for this study. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is a cross-sectional study. Setting: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is conducted annually by the National Center for Health Statistics designed to assess the health and nutritional status of citizens in the United States. Participants: The final study sample size was 2,581. Measures: The outcome was obesity status (yes/no) and the exposure was the number of hours worked per week (<40, =40, >40 h/wk). Covariates of interest included in the analyses were income, age, education level, race, leisure-time physical activity, and gender. Analysis: A weighted and adjusted logistic regression model was conducted in order to investigate the association between the number of hours worked at a job per week and obesity status. Descriptive statistics and weighted and adjusted odds ratios were produced with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: After controlling for the covariates of interest, people working 40 or 40+ hours a week had 1.403 (95% CI: 1.06-1.85) and 1.409 (95% CI: 1.03-1.93) times significantly greater odds of obesity than those who work <40 hours a week, respectively. Conclusion: Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease with genetic and environmental interactions, including the number of hours a person works/week as a potential risk factor.

scholarly journals Perceived and objective diet quality in US adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 2641-2649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany M Powell-Wiley ◽  
Paige E Miller ◽  
Priscilla Agyemang ◽  
Tanya Agurs-Collins ◽  
Jill Reedy
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Total Fat

AbstractObjectiveThe Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern has been shown to reduce cardiometabolic risk. Little is understood about the relationship between objective diet quality and perceived diet quality (PDQ), a potential psychosocial barrier to appropriate dietary intake. We compared PDQ and diet quality measured by a nutrient-based DASH index score in the USA.DesignCross-sectional study. Participants in the 2005–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) rated diet quality on a 5-point Likert scale and PDQ scores were generated (low, medium, high). A single 24 h dietary recall was used to estimate DASH index scores (range 0–9 points) by assigning 0, 0·5 or 1 point (optimal) for nine target nutrients: total fat, saturated fat, protein, cholesterol, fibre, Ca, Mg, K and Na.SettingNationally representative sample of the US population.SubjectsAdults aged ≥19 years in 2005–2006 NHANES (n 4419).ResultsParticipants with high PDQ (33 %) had higher DASH index scores (mean 3·0 (sd 0·07)) than those with low PDQ (mean 2·5 (sd 0·06), P < 0·001), but average scores did not align with targets for intermediate or optimal DASH accordance. Adults with high PDQ reported higher total fat, saturated fat and Na intakes compared with optimal DASH nutrient goals. Differences between those with high v. low PDQ were similar for Whites and Blacks, but there was no difference between PDQ groups for Mexican Americans.ConclusionsAmong Whites and Blacks, but not Mexican Americans, high PDQ may be associated with higher diet quality, but not necessarily a diet meeting DASH nutrient goals. This disconnect between PDQ and actual diet quality may serve as a target in obesity prevention.

scholarly journals Diet Quality According to Mental Status and Associated Factors during Adulthood in Spain

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1727
Author(s):  
Jesús Cebrino ◽  
Silvia Portero de la Portero de la Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Status ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related

Common mental disorders (CMD) are characterized by non-psychotic depressive symptoms, anxiety and somatic complaints, which affect the performance of daily activities. This study aimed to analyze prevalence of diet quality among adults with and without CMD from 2006 to 2017, to study the frequency of food consumption and diet quality according to mental status and age, and to determine which sociodemographic, lifestyle and health-related factors are associated with poor/moderate diet quality, according to mental status. A nationwide cross-sectional study was performed in adults with (n = 12,545) and without CMD (n = 48,079). The data were obtained from three Spanish National Health Surveys (2006, 2011/2012 and 2017). Two logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with diet quality in people with and without CMD. Among those with CMD, the probability of having poor/moderate diet quality was significantly lower for overweight or obese people and those who took part in leisure-time physical activity. Among those without CMD, university graduates were less likely to have a poor/moderate diet quality. Good diet quality was observed more in older adults (≥65 years old) than in emerging (18–24 years old) or young adults (25–44 years old), regardless of mental status.

scholarly journals Hypertension care cascade in Chile: a serial cross-sectional study of national health surveys 2003-2010-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Passi-Solar ◽  
Paula Margozzini ◽  
Jennifer S. Mindell ◽  
Milagros Ruiz ◽  
Carlos A. Valencia-Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Antihypertensive Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence ◽  
Care Cascade ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Health Surveys

Abstract Background Trend data on hypertension prevalence and attainment indicators at each step of the care cascade (awareness, treatment, control) are required in Chile. This study aims to quantify trends (2003–2017) in prevalence and in the proportion of individuals with hypertension attaining each step of the care cascade among adults aged 17 years or older, and to assess the impact of lowering the blood pressure (BP) thresholds used to define elevated BP on these indicators. Methods We used data from 2003, 2010, and 2017 Chilean national health surveys. Each year we assessed levels of (1) mean systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, (2) hypertension prevalence (BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg or use of antihypertensive treatment), and (3) awareness, treatment, and control. Logistic regression on pooled data was used to assess trends in binary outcomes; linear regression was used to assess trends in continuous SBP and DBP. We compared levels of hypertension prevalence using two sources to ascertain antihypertensive treatment (self-reported versus medicine inventory). The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines were used to re-define hypertension using lower thresholds (BP ≥ 130/80 mmHg). Results Hypertension prevalence was 34.0, 32.0 and 30.8% in 2003, 2010 and 2017, respectively. Levels of treated- and controlled-hypertension were significantly higher in 2017 than in 2003 (65% versus 41% for treatment, P < 0.001; 34% versus 14% for control, P < 0.001), while levels of awareness were stable (66% versus 59%, P = 0.130). Awareness, treatment, and control levels were higher among females in 2003, 2010, and 2017 (P < 0.001). Mean SBP and DBP decreased over the 15-year period, except for SBP among females on treatment. Adopting the 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines would increase hypertension prevalence by 17 and 55% in absolute and relative terms, respectively. Conclusions Chile has experienced a positive population-wide lowering in blood pressure distribution which may be explained partly by a significant rise in levels of treated- and controlled-hypertension since 2003. Lowering the thresholds used to define elevated BP would substantially increase the financial public health challenge of further improving attainment levels at each step of the care cascade. Innovative and collaborative strategies are needed to improve hypertension management, especially among males.

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