scholarly journals Estimation of Dietary Capsaicinoid Exposure in Korea and Assessment of Its Health Effects

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2461
Author(s):  
Youngjoo Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Gastrointestinal Distress ◽  
Dose Study ◽  
Chili Peppers ◽  
Repeated Consumption

The consumption of capsaicinoids, the active components in chili peppers, has been associated with both positive and negative health effects, and the level of capsaicinoid exposure may be an important determinant. Dietary capsaicinoid exposure was estimated using a previously developed database for capsaicinoid content and a 24-h dietary recall dataset obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The estimated consumption level was evaluated to determine its potential effects on weight reduction and gastrointestinal distress. The estimated daily mean capsaicinoid intake was 3.25 mg (2.17 mg capsaicin), and most Koreans consumed 1–30 mg of capsaicinoids (0.67–20 mg capsaicin) in a day. No adverse effect of capsaicin consumption was reported other than abdominal pain. For long-term repeated consumption, 30 mg may be the maximum tolerable dose. However, the effects on body weight or energy balance were inconsistent in 4–12 week clinical studies conducted with various capsaicin doses (2–135 mg), which was likely due to the complex interplay between capsaicin dose, study length, and participant characteristics. Therefore, the capsaicin consumption of most Koreans was below the levels that may cause adverse effects. However, more long-term studies for the dose range of 2–20 mg are required to further characterize capsaicin’s health benefits in Koreans.

scholarly journals Long-Term Exposure to Nanosized TiO2 Triggers Stress Responses and Cell Death Pathways in Pulmonary Epithelial Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5349
Author(s):  
Mayes Alswady-Hoff ◽  
Johanna Samulin Erdem ◽  
Santosh Phuyal ◽  
Oskar Knittelfelder ◽  
Animesh Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Cell Stress ◽  
Lipid Classes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cell Death Pathways ◽  
Pulmonary Epithelial Cells

There is little in vitro data available on long-term effects of TiO2 exposure. Such data are important for improving the understanding of underlying mechanisms of adverse health effects of TiO2. Here, we exposed pulmonary epithelial cells to two doses (0.96 and 1.92 µg/cm2) of TiO2 for 13 weeks and effects on cell cycle and cell death mechanisms, i.e., apoptosis and autophagy were determined after 4, 8 and 13 weeks of exposure. Changes in telomere length, cellular protein levels and lipid classes were also analyzed at 13 weeks of exposure. We observed that the TiO2 exposure increased the fraction of cells in G1-phase and reduced the fraction of cells in G2-phase, which was accompanied by an increase in the fraction of late apoptotic/necrotic cells. This corresponded with an induced expression of key apoptotic proteins i.e., BAD and BAX, and an accumulation of several lipid classes involved in cellular stress and apoptosis. These findings were further supported by quantitative proteome profiling data showing an increase in proteins involved in cell stress and genomic maintenance pathways following TiO2 exposure. Altogether, we suggest that cell stress response and cell death pathways may be important molecular events in long-term health effects of TiO2.

scholarly journals Association between Ready-to-Eat Cereal Consumption and Nutrient Intake, Nutritional Adequacy, and Diet Quality in Adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2016

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2952
Author(s):  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Neha Jain ◽  
Vipra Vanage ◽  
Norton Holschuh ◽  
Anne Hermetet Agler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
National Health ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition

This study examined differences in dietary intake between ready-to-eat cereal eaters and non-eaters in adults from the United States. Participants (n = 5163) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2016 were included. One-day dietary recall was used to define ready-to-eat cereal consumption status and estimate dietary intake in eaters and non-eaters. Data from Food Patterns Equivalent Database 2015–2016 were used to compare intakes of food groups by consumption status. Diet quality was assessed by Healthy Eating Index 2015. Nineteen percent of US adults were ready-to-eat cereal eaters; they had a similar level of energy intake as non-eaters, but they had significantly higher intake of dietary fiber, and several vitamins and minerals, such as calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, zinc, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin D. They were also more likely to meet nutrient recommendations. Compared to non-eaters, ready-to-eat cereal eaters had the same level of added sugar intake but they had significantly higher intake of whole grains, total fruits, and dairy products. The diet quality of ready-to-eat cereal eaters was significantly higher than that of non-eaters. The study supports that ready-to-eat cereal eaters have better dietary intake with a healthier dietary pattern than non-eaters in the United States.

scholarly journals Buprenorphine/Naloxone Maintenance Therapy: an Observational Retrospective Report on the Effect of Dose on 18 months Retention in an Office-Based Treatment Program

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117822181773132
Author(s):  
Theodore V Parran ◽  
AG Mace ◽  
Yael J Dahan ◽  
Christopher A Adelman ◽  
Mykola Kolganov
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Program ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Primary Care Clinic ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Funding Agency ◽  
Retrospective Report ◽  
Urban Hospital ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Patient Retention

Context and objective: Buprenorphine has been available with few reports of the dose range necessary to adequately maintain patients. We report on the effect of 8 mg/d versus 16 mg/d of buprenorphine on long-term patient retention in office-based opioid maintenance (OBOMT). Design, setting, and participants: Case series, at an urban hospital-based primary care clinic providing OBOMT to 157 opiate-dependent, low socioeconomic status, uninsured, nonhomeless patients. Intervention: The OBOMT program operated by a comprehensive sobriety treatment program experienced State funding cuts. Thus, after 2 years, the program was required by the State funder to decrease the buprenorphine maintenance dose from 16 to 8 mg/d for all new admissions. We report on patient retention before and after dose reduction. Main outcome measures: The primary outcomes of this study were to measure and compare patient retention in the 2 cohorts at each point of treatment transition over the 18 months following OBOMT initiation. Results: No significant differences in patient retention were observed between the 16 and 8 mg/d patient cohorts. Lower dose buprenorphine maintenance (8 mg/d) in uninsured patients enrolled in publicly funded long-term OBOMT combined with comprehensive sobriety counseling was as effective as higher dose therapy (16 mg/d) in promoting patient retention throughout the study period. This lower dose resulted in a substantial saving to the public funding agency. Conclusions: In an observational retrospective report, retention in treatment of opiate-addicted patients was the same at 8 and 16 mg/d buprenorphine doses after 18 months. These data have implications for public and managed care funding of OBOMT, for the general prescribing of buprenorphine in outpatient care, and may be instructive in the ongoing debate about the relationship between buprenorphine dose.

PKM Kelompok Kader Dan Ibu Balita Dalam Germas Ceting (Gerakan Masyarakat Cegah Stunting) Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Balita Stunting

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 959-968
Author(s):  
Endang Susilowati ◽  
Endang Surani ◽  
Isna Hudaya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
P Value ◽  
Additional Food ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Community Movement

AbstractThe incidence of stunting in children can cause the low quality of a country's Human Resources (HR). Stunting causes poor cognitive abilities, low productivity, and increased risk of disease resulting in long-term losses for the Indonesian economy. Stunting also has other long-term impacts, namely the risk of suffering from chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary heart disease, hypertension, cancer, and stroke. Community participation is needed in the government's efforts to tackle stunting. Community behavior problems that are factors that cause stunting include 1) Lack of environmental hygiene 2) Lack of knowledge of mothers about health and nutrition 3) Busy parents 4) Poverty. GERMAS CETING (Community Movement to Prevent Stunting) is a community movement that is carried out jointly and continuously in order to increase public awareness in stunting prevention efforts with the main target of the entire community being Cadres, pregnant women and mothers of toddlers and other potential groups by integrating all specific interventions and interventions. sensitive. The purpose of this activity is to increase the knowledge of cadres and mothers of toddlers about stunting and to improve the skills of cadres and mothers of toddlers in making additional food according to the child's age. The implementation method used is problem identification, determining problem solving framework, conducting pre test, providing Health Education and training, conducting post test. There was an increase in mother's knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding, MP-ASI and PHBS. The results of the analysis are known p value 0.000. Keywords: Germas; ceting; cadres; mother of toddlers AbstrakKejadian stunting pada anak dapat menyebabkan rendahnya kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) suatu negara. Keadaan Stunting menyebabkan buruknya kemampuan kognitif, rendahnya produktivitas, serta meningkatnya risiko penyakit mengakibatkan kerugian jangka panjang bagi ekonomi Indonesia. Stunting juga menimbulkan dampak jangka panjang yang lain yaitu berisiko menderita penyakit kronis seperti diabetes mellitus (DM), jantung koroner, hipertensi, kanker, dan stroke. Partisipasi masyarakat sangat dibutuhkan dalam dalam upaya pemerintah untuk penanggulangan stunting. Masalah perilaku masyarakat yang menjadi faktor penyebab stunting antara lain 1) Kurangnya menjaga kebersihan lingkungan 2) Kurangnya pengetahuan ibu mengenai kesehatan dan gizi 3) Kesibukan orangtua 4) Kemiskinan. GERMAS CETING (Gerakan masyarakat cegah stunting) merupakan gerakan masyarakat yang dilakukan secara bersama dan berkesinambungan dalam rangka meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan stunting dengan sasaran seluruh masyarakat utamanya adalah Kader, ibu hamil dan ibu balita serta kelompok potensial lainnya dengan mengintegrasikan seluruh intervensi spesifik dan intervensi sensitive. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan kader dan ibu balita tentang Stunting serta Meningkatkan ketrampilan kader dan ibu balita dalam pembuatan makanan tambahan sesuai dengan usia anak. Metode pelaksanaan yang digunakan adalah identifikasi masalah, menentukan kerangka pemecahan masalah, melakukan pre test, memberikan Pendidikan Kesehatan dan pelatihan, melakukan pos test. Terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan ibu tentang ASI eksklusif, MP-ASI dan PHBS. Hasil Analisa diketahui p value 0.000. Kata kunci: Germas; ceting;kader;ibubalita

scholarly journals Estimated long-term fish and shellfish intake—national health and nutrition examination survey

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nga L Tran ◽  
Leila M Barraj ◽  
Xiaoyu Bi ◽  
Laurie C Schuda ◽  
Jacqueline Moya
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Fish And Shellfish
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