Associations between Nutrients and Foot Ulceration in Diabetes: A Systematic Review

We reviewed the literature to evaluate potential associations between vitamins, nutrients, nutritional status or nutritional interventions and presence or healing of foot ulceration in diabetes. Embase, Medline, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies published prior to September 2020. We assessed eligible studies for the association between nutritional status or interventions and foot ulcers. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Overall, there is a correlation between poor nutritional status and the presence of foot ulceration or a delay in healing. However, there is not enough data to reach conclusions about whether the relationships are causal or only association. Further research is required to test whether any forms of nutritional supplementation improve foot ulcer healing.

Download Full-text

Should the duration of head bandaging be reduced after pinnaplasty? A systematic review

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215114002114 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 128 (11) ◽

pp. 948-951 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A E L McMurran ◽

I Khan ◽

S Mohamad ◽

M Shakeel ◽

H Kubba

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Randomised Controlled Trials ◽

Case Series ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

National Library ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

The Cochrane Library

AbstractBackground:It is common practice to use head bandages for 7–10 days following pinnaplasty. However, head bandages are often troublesome for patients and can lead to serious complications.Method:A systematic review was performed to evaluate the use of head bandages after pinnaplasty. A search of Medline, Embase (Ovid) and CINAHL (EBSCO collections), the Cochrane Library, Pubmed (US National Library of Medicine) and Google Scholar identified 34 related articles. Of these, 14 were deemed relevant and 2 randomised controlled trials, 1 cohort study, 3 case series and 1 literature review met the inclusion criteria.Results:The two randomised controlled trials show no statistically significant difference in complications when a head bandage was used for the standard 7–10 days, for 24 hours or not at all. The three case series show that using a head bandage for 24 hours or not at all are safe alternatives. The review article recommended that when head bandages are applied after pinnaplasty it should be for the shortest duration possible.Conclusion:Based on the available evidence, not using a head bandage at all or using one for a maximum of 24 hours following pinnaplasty is recommended.

Download Full-text

Non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/00048674211046893 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 000486742110468

Author(s):

Jane Woodbridge ◽

Michelle Townsend ◽

Samantha Reis ◽

Saniya Singh ◽

Brin FS Grenyer

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

English Only ◽

Recommended Treatment ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

Reporting Data

Highlight: This is the first systematic review to investigate non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder. Background: Psychotherapy is the recommended treatment for borderline personality disorder. While systematic reviews have demonstrated the effectiveness of psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder, effect sizes remain small and influenced by bias. Furthermore, the proportion of people who do not respond to treatment is seldom reported or analysed. Objective: To obtain an informed estimate of the proportion of people who do not respond to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder. Methods: Systematic searches of five databases, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library, occurred in November 2020. Inclusion criteria: participants diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, treated with psychotherapy and data reporting either (a) the proportion of the sample that experienced ‘reliable change’ or (b) the percentage of sample that no longer met criteria for borderline personality disorder at conclusion of therapy. Exclusion criteria: studies published prior to 1980 or not in English. Of the 19,517 studies identified, 28 met inclusion criteria. Results: Twenty-eight studies were included in the review comprising a total of 2436 participants. Average treatment duration was 11 months using well-known evidence-based approaches. Approximately half did not respond to treatment; M = 48.80% (SD = 22.77). Limitations: Data regarding within sample variability and non-response are seldom reported. Methods of reporting data on dosage and comorbidities were highly divergent which precluded the ability to conduct predictive analyses. Other limitations include lack of sensitivity analysis, and studies published in English only. Conclusion: Results of this review suggest that a large proportion of people are not responding to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder and that factors relating to non-response are both elusive and inconsistently reported. Novel, tailored or enhanced interventions are needed to improve outcomes for individuals not responding to current established treatments.

Download Full-text

Correlates of Physical Activity in Adults With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2012-0194 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1248-1261 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Louise Larkin ◽

Norelee Kennedy

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Social Variables ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Physiological Variables ◽

Manual Search ◽

Electronic Search ◽

The Cochrane Library

Background:Physical activity (PA) is an important component in the management of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). To date the correlates of PA have not been thoroughly investigated in the RA population. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the correlates of PA in the adult RA population.Methods:A search of Medline, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL plus, Pubmed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was conducted. A manual search of reference lists was conducted to compliment the electronic search. Ten studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were assessed for methodological quality.Results:Results determined correlates in 4 categories: sociodemographic, physical, psychological and social variables. The variables varied greatly and were inconsistently studied. Changes were noted from a previous review in 2005 in relation to the association between certain variables and PA, including age, gender, disease duration, pain, exercise beliefs and social support.Conclusions:Positive associations with PA were found for motivation, self-efficacy, health perception, and previous PA levels. Negative associations were found for fatigue, a coerced regulation style and certain physiological variables. In addition differences between correlates of PA in the adult RA population and other chronic disease and healthy adult populations have been demonstrated.

Download Full-text

Efficacy of compression stockings in preventing post-thrombotic syndrome in patients with deep venous thrombosis: a systematic review and metaanalysis

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000508 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 141-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jakob Martin Burgstaller ◽

Johann Steurer ◽

Ulrike Held ◽

Beatrice Amann-Vesti

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Compression Stockings ◽

Post Thrombotic Syndrome ◽

Study Results ◽

Preventive Efficacy ◽

One Year ◽

The Cochrane Library

Abstract. Background: Here, we update an earlier systematic review on the preventive efficacy of active compression stockings in patients with diagnosed proximal deep venous thrombosis (DVT) by including the results of recently published trials. The aims are to synthesize the results of the original studies, and to identify details to explain heterogeneous results. Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Medline for original studies that compared the preventive efficacy of active compression stockings with placebo or no compression stockings in patients with diagnosed proximal DVT. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Results: Five eligible RCTs with a total of 1393 patients (sample sizes ranged from 47 to 803 patients) were included. In three RCTs, patients started to wear compression stockings, placebo stockings or no stockings within the first three weeks after the diagnosis of DVT. The results of two RCTs indicate a statistically significant reduction in post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) of 50% or more after two or more years. The result of one RCT shows no preventive effect of compression stockings at all. Due to the heterogeneity of the study results, we refrained from pooling the results of the RCTs. In a further RCT, randomization to groups with and without compression stockings took place six months after the diagnosis of DVT, and in another RCT, only patients with the absence of PTS one year after the diagnosis of DVT were analyzed. One RCT revealed a significant reduction in symptoms, whereas another RCT failed to show any benefit of using compression stockings. Conclusions: At this time, it does not seem to be justifiable to entirely abandon the recommendations regarding compression stockings to prevent PTS in patients with DVT. There is evidence favoring compression stockings, but there is also evidence showing no benefit of compression stockings.

Download Full-text

Barriers and facilitators to conducting research by early career psychiatrists: a literature review

Global Psychiatry ◽

10.2478/gp-2019-0018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 135-154

Author(s):

Katja Koelkebeck ◽

Maja Pantovic Stefanovic ◽

Dorota Frydecka ◽

Claudia Palumbo ◽

Olivier Andlauer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Research Participation ◽

Early Career ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Research Career ◽

Hand Search ◽

Electronic Search ◽

Conducting Research ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

To Receive

AbstractObjectivesTo understand and identify factors that promote and prevent research participation among early career psychiatrists (ECPs), in order to understand what would encourage more ECPs to pursue a research career.MethodsWe conducted an electronic search of databases (PubMed and the Cochrane library) using the keywords ‘doctors’, ‘trainees’, ‘residents’, ‘physicians’ and ‘psychiatric trainees’ as well as ‘research’ (MeSH) and ‘publishing’ (MeSH). This search was complemented by a secondary hand search.ResultsWe identified 524 articles, of which 16 fulfilled inclusion criteria for this review. The main barriers included lack of dedicated time for research, lack of mentoring and lack of funding. The main facilitators were opportunities to receive mentorship and access to research funding.ConclusionsAction is needed to counteract the lack of ECPs interested in a career in research. Specific programs encouraging ECPs to pursue research careers and having access to mentors could help increase the current numbers of researching clinicians in the field.

Download Full-text

Impact of Vibration on the Levels of Biomarkers: A Systematic Review

The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society ◽

10.1177/03015742211019520 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 030157422110195

Author(s):

Ashish Agrawal ◽

TM Chou

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Cochrane Collaboration ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Electronic Search ◽

Proquest Dissertation

Introduction: The objective of this systematic review is to assess the effect of vibrational force on biomarkers for orthodontic tooth movement. Methods: An electronic search was conducted for relevant studies (up to December 31, 2020) on the following databases: Pubmed, Google scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wiley Library, and ProQuest Dissertation Abstracts and Thesis database. Hand searching of selected orthodontic journals was also undertaken. The selected studies were assessed for the risk of bias in Cochrane collaboration risk of bias tool. The “traffic plot” and “weighted plot” risk of bias distribution are designed in the RoB 2 tool. The 2 authors extracted the data and analyzed it. Results: Six studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The risks of biases were high for 4, low and some concern for other 2 studies. The biomarkers, medium, device, frequency and duration of device, as well as other data were extracted. The outcomes of the studies were found to be heterogenous. Conclusion: One study showed highly statistically significant levels of IL-1 beta with <.001. Rate of tooth movement was correlated with levels of released biomarkers under the influence of vibrational force in 3 studies, but it was found to be significant only in 1 study. It was further observed that vibration does not have any significant reduction in pain and discomfort.

Download Full-text

EXPRESS: Stroke risk following traumatic brain injury: systematic review and meta-analysis

International Journal of Stroke ◽

10.1177/17474930211004277 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 174749302110042

Author(s):

Grace Mary Turner ◽

Christel McMullan ◽

Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi ◽

Danai Bem ◽

Tom Marshall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Stroke Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Vitamin K Antagonists ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Control Group ◽

Large Sample Size ◽

Hazard Ratios ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Cochrane Library

Aims To investigate the association between TBI and stroke risk. Summary of review We undertook a systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library from inception to 4th December 2020. We used random-effects meta-analysis to pool hazard ratios (HR) for studies which reported stroke risk post-TBI compared to controls. Searches identified 10,501 records; 58 full texts were assessed for eligibility and 18 met the inclusion criteria. The review included a large sample size of 2,606,379 participants from four countries. Six studies included a non-TBI control group, all found TBI patients had significantly increased risk of stroke compared to controls (pooled HR 1.86; 95% CI 1.46-2.37). Findings suggest stroke risk may be highest in the first four months post-TBI, but remains significant up to five years post-TBI. TBI appears to be associated with increased stroke risk regardless of severity or subtype of TBI. There was some evidence to suggest an association between reduced stroke risk post-TBI and Vitamin K antagonists and statins, but increased stroke risk with certain classes of antidepressants. Conclusion TBI is an independent risk factor for stroke, regardless of TBI severity or type. Post-TBI review and management of risk factors for stroke may be warranted.

Download Full-text

Lumbar Roll Usage While Sitting Reduces the Forward Head Posture in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105171 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5171

Author(s):

Yusuke Handa ◽

Kenya Okada ◽

Hiroshi Takasaki

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Grade System ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Forward Head Posture ◽

Quality Of Evidence ◽

Head Posture ◽

Head Extension ◽

The Cochrane Library

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated whether the use of a lumbar roll reduced forward head posture (FHP) while sitting among individuals with or without musculoskeletal disorders. EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from their inception to August 2020. The quality of evidence for variables used in the meta-analysis was determined using the GRADE system. Five studies satisfied the criteria for data analysis. All studies included individuals without any spinal symptoms. Data from five studies on neck angle showed a statistically significant (p = 0.02) overall effect (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.77), indicating a lesser neck flexion angle while sitting with a lumbar roll than without it. Data from two studies on head angle showed a statistically significant (p = 0.04) overall effect (SMD = 0.47), indicating a lesser head extension angle while sitting with a lumbar roll than without it. In each meta-analysis, the quality of evidence was very low in the GRADE system. The use of a lumbar roll while sitting reduced FHP among individuals without spinal symptoms.

Download Full-text

Association between serum visfatin levels and psoriasis and their correlation with disease severity: a meta-analysis

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/03000605211002381 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 030006052110023

Author(s):

Qian Zou ◽

Jiawei Si ◽

Yatao Guo ◽

Jiayu Yu ◽

Huijuan Shi

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Severity Index ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Control Group ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Subgroup Analyses ◽

Mean Differences ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

Psoriasis Severity

Objective To determine the association between serum visfatin levels and psoriasis and to evaluate the correlation between serum visfatin levels and the severity of psoriasis. Methods The electronic databases PubMed®, Embase® and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles published from inception to 1 May 2020. Data were extracted and then standard mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for pooled estimates. Results A total of 11 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included (448 patients diagnosed with psoriasis and 377 controls). This meta-analysis demonstrated that patients with psoriasis had significantly higher levels of visfatin than the controls (SMD = 0.90, 95% CI 0.52, 1.28). Subgroup analyses showed that differences in serum visfatin levels between the patient group and the control group were associated with ethnicity, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and body mass index. Additionally, a meta-analysis of correlations showed that visfatin levels in patients with psoriasis were positively correlated with PASI ( r = 0.51, 95% CI 0.14, 0.75). Conclusions This meta-analysis showed that serum visfatin levels in patients with psoriasis were significantly higher than those in the controls and a positive correlation between serum visfatin levels and psoriasis severity was observed.

Download Full-text

Medicines Related Problems (MRPs) Originating in Primary Care Settings in Older Adults - A Systematic Review

Journal of Pharmacy Practice ◽

10.1177/08971900211023638 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 089719002110236

Author(s):

Rosetta Chinyere Ude-Okeleke ◽

Zoe Aslanpour ◽

Soraya Dhillon ◽

Nkiruka Umaru

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Primary Care ◽

Library Science ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Data Bases ◽

Primary Care Settings ◽

Preventative Interventions ◽

Use Of Health Services

Background: As people age, they become increasingly vulnerable to the untoward effects of medicines due to changes in body systems. These may result in medicines related problems (MRPs) and consequent decline or deterioration in health. Aim: To identify MRPs, indicators of deterioration associated with these MRPs, and preventative interventions from the literature. Design and Setting: Systematic review of primary studies on MRPs originating in Primary Care in older people. Methods: Relevant studies published between 2001 and April 2018 were obtained from Medline (via PubMed), CINAHL, Embase, Psych Info, PASCAL, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, and Zetoc. Falls, delirium, pressure ulcer, hospitalization, use of health services and death were agreed indicators of deterioration. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Down and Black tool. Results: There were 1858 articles retrieved from the data bases. Out of these, 21 full text articles met inclusion criteria for the review. MRPs identified were medication error, potentially inappropriate medicines, adverse drug reaction and non-adherence. These were associated with indicators of deterioration. Interventions that involved doctors, pharmacists and patients in planning and implementation yielded benefits in halting MRPs. Conclusion: This Systematic review summarizes MRPs and associated indicators of deterioration. Appropriate interventions appeared to be effective against certain MRPs and their consequences. Further studies to explore deterioration presented in this systematic review is imperative.

Download Full-text