scholarly journals How Does the Family Influence Adolescent Eating Habits in Terms of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices? A Global Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3717
Author(s):  
Kiki S. N. Liu ◽  
Julie Y. Chen ◽  
Michelle Y. C. Ng ◽  
Maegan H. Y. Yeung ◽  
Laura E. Bedford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Style ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Family Influences ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Promoting healthy eating habits can prevent adolescent obesity in which family may play a significant role. This review synthesized findings from qualitative studies to identify family barriers and facilitators of adolescent healthy eating in terms of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). A literature search of four databases was completed on 31 July 2020; qualitative studies that explored family factors of adolescent (aged 10 to 19 years) eating habits were included. A total of 48 studies were identified, with the majority being from North America and sampled from a single source. Ten themes on how family influences adolescent dietary KAP were found: Knowledge—(1) parental education, (2) parenting style, and (3) family illness experience; Attitudes—(4) family health, (5) cultivation of preference, and (6) family motivation; Practices—(7) home meals and food availability, (8) time and cost, (9) parenting style, and (10) parental practical knowledge and attitudes. This review highlights five parental characteristics underlying food parenting practices which affect adolescents’ KAP on healthy eating. Adolescents with working parents and who are living in low-income families are more vulnerable to unhealthy eating. There is a need to explore cultural-specific family influences on adolescents’ KAP, especially regarding attitudes and food choices in Asian families.

Development and validation of a questionnaire measuring knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) to healthy eating and activity patterns in school children (HEAPS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602098235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panchali Moitra ◽  
Preeti Verma ◽  
Jagmeet Madan
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
School Children ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Item Content ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: Development of culturally appropriate and psychometrically sound instruments that measure knowledge and health behaviors of children will help to inform appropriate interventions. Aim: To develop and test the validity and reliability of a questionnaire measuring knowledge, attitudes, and practices to healthy eating and activity patterns in school children in India. Methods: Review of literature, focus-group discussions, and theoretical constructs of the Health Belief Model guided the development of an item pool. Face and content validity were assessed by children and a panel of experts and the item content validity, item difficulty, and discrimination indices were calculated. Construct validity was determined using the principal axis method of exploratory factor analysis among a cross-sectional sample of children ( n=252). Internal consistency (Cronbach α values >0.7) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient values >0.75) were estimated. Results: Item content validity index for clarity and relevance were satisfactory (>0.80) and internal consistency for knowledge (Kuder-Richardson 20 = 0.832), attitude (Cronbach’s α = 0.912), and practice items (Cronbach’s α = 0.769) were good. Four factors (children’s eating habits, family dietary practices, and consumption of healthy and unhealthy foods) and two factors (moderate to vigorous activities and sedentary activities) explained 67.7% and 48.2% of the total variance in practice items. Intraclass correlation coefficient estimates ranged from good to excellent (0.72–0.99). Conclusions: The results of the validity and reliability of the 84-item knowledge, attitudes, and practices to healthy eating and activity patterns in schoolchildren questionnaire were promising. The detailed description of the methodology employed may prove useful to researchers conducting similar studies in children.

Abstract MP34: In Praise of Demanding Parenting: The Effects of Parenting Style and Poverty on Obesity Risk in Children: Evidence from a Nationally Representative Sample

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Kakinami ◽  
Tracie Barnett ◽  
Gilles Paradis
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Familial Influences

Background: One-quarter of children are already overweight or obese when they enter preschool, underscoring a critical need to improve our understanding of childhood determinants of health, including both sociodemographic (such as poverty) and social-familial influences (such as parenting style), as well as how these determinants may interact with one another. Objective: To examine the effects of parenting style on the risk of obesity in youth and determine if poverty is a mediator or moderator for this association. Methods: Participants (age 0-11) were from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY), a representative cross-sectional survey of youth collected bi-annually (1994-2008) throughout Canada. Factor analysis identified 4 parenting styles consistent with Baumrind’s theory of authoritative (demanding and responsive), authoritarian (demanding but not responsive), permissive (responsive but not demanding), and negligent (not demanding and not responsive) parenting control prototypes. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the risk of a child being obese (BMI percentile ≥ 97.7 th compared to age- and sex-specific WHO growth curves) based on parenting style after adjusting for age, sex, parental education, immigration status, family functioning score, birth order, and maternal age. Analyses were stratified by age (younger: 2-5 years of age, n=19,026; school-age: 6-11 years of age, n=18,551) due to age-related differences in parenting styles. Mediation or moderation by poverty (household income < low income cut-offs adjusted for household size and geographic region) was assessed. Analyses used sampling and bootstrap weights. Results: Younger children’s parents were primarily authoritative (42%, n=7357), followed by negligent (22%, n=3763), permissive (20%, n=3436), and authoritarian (16%, n=4470). Parenting styles in school-age children were similar (authoritative: 32%, n=7195, negligent: 31%, n=5586, permissive: 22%, n=3850, authoritarian: 15%, n=1920). In multivariable analyses, compared to authoritative parenting, younger and school-age children with authoritarian parents were 30% (95% CI: 1.1-1.5, p=0.0002) and 37% (CI: 1.1-1.7, p=0.006) more likely to be obese, respectively. In younger children, poverty moderated this association: authoritarian and negligent parenting was associated with 39% (CI: 1.2-1.6, p<0.0001) and 28% (CI: 1.1-1.5, p=0.002) increased risk of obesity, respectively, only among the children not living in poverty. In school-age children, poverty was not a mediator or moderator. Conclusions: Parenting style is associated with a child’s risk of obesity but is moderated by poverty in younger children. Successful strategies to combat childhood obesity need to reflect the independent and interactive effects of sociodemographic and social-familial influences on health especially in early childhood.

scholarly journals A social marketing approach to improving the nutrition of low-income women and children: an initial focus group study

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1563-1568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E Hampson ◽  
Julia Martin ◽  
Jenel Jorgensen ◽  
Mary Barker
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Low Income Women ◽  
The Uk

AbstractObjectiveTo identify approaches for interventions to improve the nutrition of low-income women and children.DesignSeven focus groups were conducted with low-income women caring for young children in their households. They discussed shopping, eating at home, eating out and healthy eating. The discussions were recorded and subjected to qualitative thematic analysis.SettingA semi-rural community in Oregon, USA.SubjectsThere were seventy-four women (74 % White), most of whom were 18–29 years old.ResultsFour broad themes were identified, i.e. cost-consciousness, convenience, social influences and health issues.ConclusionsThe target population would benefit from improved understanding of what constitutes a balanced diet, with a greater emphasis on a more central role for fruit and vegetables. To persuade this population to change their eating habits, it will be necessary to convince them that healthful food can be low-cost, convenient and palatable for children. Comparing findings from the present study with a similar one in the UK suggests that the US women faced many of the same barriers to healthy eating but displayed less helplessness.

scholarly journals Development of Nutrition Educational Materials for Pediatric Oncology Patients in Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 42-42
Author(s):  
Anna Gillespie ◽  
Yadurshini Raveendran ◽  
Dafrosa Monko ◽  
Robert Gisiri ◽  
Kristin Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

PURPOSE More than 30% of children in sub-Saharan Africa are malnourished at baseline. Patients with cancer become further malnourished by metabolically active tumors and starvation during extended hospital stays when parents cannot afford food. If cancer outcomes could be improved by optimizing nutrition, then this would provide a cost-effective intervention for future implementation and research. The current study targeted caregiver nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and practices to develop educational materials for children who are diagnosed with cancer at Bugando Medical Centre in Mwanza, Tanzania. METHODS A quantitative survey developed using UN Food and Agriculture guidelines was used to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nutrition among caregivers of children with cancer presenting from June to August 2019. On the basis of responses, targeted education materials—A2 posters, A4 posters, and 50 pamphlets—were developed in collaboration with a local nutritionist to address gaps in caregiver nutrition knowledge. RESULTS A total of 36 caregivers and 21 stakeholders completed surveys. The majority of caregivers reported food insecurity (94%) and limited knowledge on nutrition (92%). Identified key knowledge gaps included appropriate food selection, understanding of macronutrients, and food safety. Specific media—posters and pamphlets—were designed to be simple and targeted for specific symptoms, as well as to encourage positive eating habits among patients and families. CONCLUSION This study developed a targeted intervention to improve nutrition knowledge for caregivers of children with cancer. The multiple media sources created can be used alongside verbal education sessions by nutritionists to increase exposure and the likelihood of retention and application. Although this was developed at a single institution, the media created targeted consensus nutrition information for children with cancer and is mostly pictorial, so it can be used regardless of literacy or language. Implementation evaluation is ongoing, with plans to share these materials with pediatric cancer centers throughout Tanzania and sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals Antibiotic knowledge, attitudes and practices: new insights from cross-sectional rural health behaviour surveys in low-income and middle-income South-East Asia

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e028224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco J Haenssgen ◽  
Nutcha Charoenboon ◽  
Giacomo Zanello ◽  
Mayfong Mayxay ◽  
Felix Reed-Tsochas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Health ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

IntroductionLow-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) are crucial in the global response to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), but diverse health systems, healthcare practices and cultural conceptions of medicine can complicate global education and awareness-raising campaigns. Social research can help understand LMIC contexts but remains under-represented in AMR research.ObjectiveTo (1) Describe antibiotic-related knowledge, attitudes and practices of the general population in two LMICs. (2) Assess the role of antibiotic-related knowledge and attitudes on antibiotic access from different types of healthcare providers.DesignObservational study: cross-sectional rural health behaviour survey, representative of the population level.SettingGeneral rural population in Chiang Rai (Thailand) and Salavan (Lao PDR), surveyed between November 2017 and May 2018.Participants2141 adult members (≥18 years) of the general rural population, representing 712 000 villagers.Outcome measuresAntibiotic-related knowledge, attitudes and practices across sites and healthcare access channels.FindingsVillagers were aware of antibiotics (Chiang Rai: 95.7%; Salavan: 86.4%; p<0.001) and drug resistance (Chiang Rai: 74.8%; Salavan: 62.5%; p<0.001), but the usage of technical concepts for antibiotics was dwarfed by local expressions like ‘anti-inflammatory medicine’ in Chiang Rai (87.6%; 95% CI 84.9% to 90.0%) and ‘ampi’ in Salavan (75.6%; 95% CI 71.4% to 79.4%). Multivariate linear regression suggested that attitudes against over-the-counter antibiotics were linked to 0.12 additional antibiotic use episodes from public healthcare providers in Chiang Rai (95% CI 0.01 to 0.23) and 0.53 in Salavan (95% CI 0.16 to 0.90).ConclusionsLocally specific conceptions and counterintuitive practices around antimicrobials can complicate AMR communication efforts and entail unforeseen consequences. Overcoming ‘knowledge deficits’ alone will therefore be insufficient for global AMR behaviour change. We call for an expansion of behavioural AMR strategies towards ‘AMR-sensitive interventions’ that address context-specific upstream drivers of antimicrobial use (eg, unemployment insurance) and complement education and awareness campaigns.Trial registration numberClinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT03241316.

scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal parasites versus knowledge, attitudes, and practices of inhabitants of low-income communities of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Henrique A. de Moraes Neto ◽  
Adriana P. M. F. Pereira ◽  
Maria de Fátima L. Alencar ◽  
Paulo R. B. Souza-Júnior ◽  
Rodrigo C. Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Janeiro State

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of cervical cancer prevention and pap smears in two low-income communities in Lima, Peru

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas T. Miles ◽  
Amy R. Riley-Powell ◽  
Gwenyth O. Lee ◽  
Esther E. Gotlieb ◽  
Gabriela C. Barth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Background Cervical cancer is a leading cause of death among Peruvian women. Barriers at multiple levels impact effective screening and treatment, including a lack of knowledge about cervical cancer and how regular screening can reduce morbidity and mortality through earlier detection. The aim of this study is to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cervical cancer and its prevention in the peri-urban communities of Oasis and Pampas in southern Lima, Peru that can be used to inform future campaigns about cervical cancer prevention. Methods A cross-sectional survey that included several open-ended questions was administered to women in Pampas and Oasis between 2015 and 2016 to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cervical cancer and Pap smears. Results In total, 224 women were interviewed. Knowledge about cervical cancer and Pap smears was high, and attitudes were predominantly positive among most participants. Most participants knew how often they should get Pap smears (89.7%), when to begin seeking screening (74.6%), knew the price of a Pap smear (61.9%), and felt Pap smears were important for their health (70.1%). About one third (29.5%) of premenopausal women reported receiving a Pap smear in the last year. However, open ended questions revealed some knowledge gaps around Pap smears, as well as some stigma associated to Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection. Conclusion Although knowledge of cervical cancer prevention was generally high and perceptions were positive among women in peri-urban Peruvian communities, our findings revealed there is a need for education on HPV infection prevalence among sexually active individuals to reduce stigma. Future research should focus on exploring experiences with follow-up and treatment associated with abnormal Pap smears, as well as perspectives from health authorities and professionals about barriers in the early detection and treatment process for cervical cancer.

scholarly journals Dutch Preadolescents’ Food Consumption at School: Influence of Autonomy, Competence and Parenting Practices

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1505
Author(s):  
Roselinde L. van Nee ◽  
Ellen van Kleef ◽  
Hans C. M. van Trijp
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intake Ratio ◽  
At Home

Eating habits appear to become less healthy once children move into adolescence. Adolescence is characterized by increasing independence and autonomy. Still, parents continue influencing adolescents’ eating habits. This cross-sectional study used a Self-Determination Theory perspective to examine how parents can support preadolescents’ food-related autonomy and competence and how these factors are associated with healthy eating motivation and food consumption at school. In addition, the effect of relative healthy food availability at home on preadolescents’ food consumption at school was explored. In total, 142 Dutch preadolescents (mean age 12.18) and 81 parents completed questionnaires. The results showed that preadolescents perceived themselves as having higher food-related autonomy and lower competence to eat healthily as compared to their parents’ perceptions. A path analysis was conducted to test the hypothesized model. Although parental support was positively associated with food-related autonomy, higher food-related autonomy was related to less healthy food intake at school. On the other hand, competence to eat healthily indirectly affected preadolescents’ healthy intake ratio through their healthy eating motivation. Finally, the relative availability of healthy options at home was positively associated with preadolescents’ healthy intake ratio outside the home. Findings from the study advance the understanding of individual and environmental factors that influence eating habits during the key life period of early adolescence. The results may inform interventions aiming to guide preadolescents to make healthy food choices on their own.

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